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Terobosan Penegakan Hukum Dalam Menangani Ancaman New Psychoactive Substance (NPS) : Adopsi Ketentuan Hukum Internasional Christiana, Christiana; Mutia, Andriani; Ramdlonaning, Anisya; Fatrika, Slamet
Jurnal Kajian Stratejik Ketahanan Nasional Vol. 3, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

New Psychoactive Substance (NPS) is a substance that is deliberately made in such a way that it has effects similar to Narcotics and psychotropics which pose a threat both globally, regionally and which are harmful to health and can cause social and economic problems with a decrease in the number of productive ages due to or premature death. The development of the NPS which is indicative of transnational organized crime to evade regulation. NPS in Indonesia is also a serious threat as indicated by the number of NPS currently circulating as many as 84 types and the number of confiscations continues to increase. However, the development of the NPS is not regulated by regulations. The method used in this article is a normative juridical approach with secondary data from regulations regarding NPS. Literature study was used as a method of data collection and analysis with an analytical qualitative approach. Of the 84 successful NPS, 9 of them have not been regulated. The irony is that the 9 NPS that have not been regulated are the types of NPS that are widely circulating in Indonesia, because in handling it, a new breakthrough is needed in the prosecution of NPS cases. Law enforcers can adopt the rules of international law that are already in effect. For example, a list of NPS issued by international institutions (UNODC, EMCDDA) or regulations related to NPS that have been issued by other countries as Narcotics. Keywords: New Psychoactive Substance, Nps, Legal Regulations, International Law Provisions And Drugs
Revisi Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2009 Tentang Narkotika: Pengaturan Zat Psikoaktif Baru Diah Pratiwi, Andriani Mutia; Christiana, Christiana; Renel, Rosita Dewi Eka
Jurnal Kajian Stratejik Ketahanan Nasional Vol. 5, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Massive technological and information developments have had an impact on the emergence of new types of drugs or new psychoactive substances (NPS). NPS is a new chemical synthesis designed to imitate the psychoactive effects of legally controlled drugs. Developing and establishing flexible and appropriate legislation is necessary to monitor the circulation and abuse of NPS. This article uses a qualitative method with a normative legal approach based on secondary evidence (literature review). To date, the NPS regulations have been included in the schedule to Narcotics Act No. 35, 2009, which is regulated by the Minister of Health. Assessment of a type of NPS takes six months to two years, so the number of identified NPS is not as quick as published regulations. The EU through EMCDDA uses an early warning system in reporting new substances, an assessment mechanism and risk control in NPS law enforcement. Meanwhile, China uses the NPS conversion system with a certain amount of narcotics to convict perpetrators. To counter the threat of abuse and the illicit flow of NPS in Indonesia, a comprehensive policy is needed. Policies to combat NPS abuse and illicit traffic should not only be measured based on indicators of the number of people arrested or imprisoned for NPS violations and the number confiscated, but also based on health, development and human rights. Keywords: Narcotics, New Psychoactive Substances, Law Enforcement
Studi Komparasi Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen dalam Transaksi Jual Beli Online antara Indonesia dengan Malaysia Christiana, Christiana; Fitri, Winda; Silviani, Ninne Zahara
PAMALI: Pattimura Magister Law Review Vol 4, No 3 (2024): NOVEMBER
Publisher : Postgraduate Program in Law, Pattimura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47268/pamali.v4i3.2311

Abstract

Introduction: Legal protection of consumer in online buying and selling transactions is an urgency in today’s developments. Statistical data from National Consumer Protection Agency shows that from the beginning of 2024 until now receiving complaints from consumers is dominant of e-commerce field.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this article is to examine the differences in consumer protection laws in online buying and selling transactions in Indonesia and Malaysia which are expected to be applied in Indonesia.Methods of the Research: The research method used in this research is normative legal research with a statutory approach and comparative approach with literature study.Results Originality of the Research: The results show that both Indonesia and Malaysia protect online buying and selling transactions. In dispute resolution, Malaysia’s TTPM and Indonesia’s BPSK provide final and binding decisions with an appeal mechanism to the courts. However, Indonesia lacks specific regulations for e-commerce, while Malaysia has comprehensive regulations and strong law enforcement. In Indonesia, the existing regulations and their enforcement face challenges, particularly in the context of e-commerce. The current UUPK is seen as ineffective, and it is hoped that the Indonesia government will amend it soon to strengthen the law enforcement and improve its effectiveness.
KETAHANAN KELUARGA DAN PENCEGAHAN KEKAMBUHAN ADIKSI NARKOTIKA PADA REMAJA Christiana, Christiana; Runturambi, Arthur Josias Simon; Mamoto, Benny Jozua
EMPATI: Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial Vol. 12 No. 1 (2023): Empati Edisi Juni 2023
Publisher : Social Welfare Study Program

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/empati.v12i1.31303

Abstract

Abstract. Drug abuse among adolescents is a worrying public health problem in the world and in Indonesia. More than 2 million students have abused drugs and their first age was in their teens (Puslitdatin, 2019; Puslitdatin BNN, 2020). Drug abuse in adolescents affects individuals, families and communities and causes health, legal, social and economic losses (Chakravarthy et al., 2021; Sweatt, S.K, Gower, B.A, Chieh, A.Y, Liu, Y, Li, 2016). Adolescent drug abuse requires professional treatment in the form of rehabilitation, but the recurrence rate is high, even reaching 80% (Becker et al., 2021; Moos & Bernice, 2006; National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2020). Various studies mention the role of family and family resilience as important and influential in adolescent drug relapse rates (Becker et al., 2021; Ronel & Haimoff-Ayali, 2018; Zerbetto et al., 2017). Based on these data, this study intends to examine the role of the family in helping adolescents prevent relapse. The research in this paper uses research methods with the theoretical focus being Bandura's social learning theory and Shutherland's differential association theory. The theory holds up with family resilience in relapse. The novelty in this study specifically discusses the role of the family in adolescents by referring to Bandura and Shutterland's learning theory related to drug relapse and offers suggestions for solving it. Keyword: Addiction; drug abuse; family resilience. Abstrak. Penyalahguna narkoba di kalangan remaja merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang mengkhawatirkan di dunia dan Indonesia. Lebih dari 2 juta pelajar pernah menyalahgunakan narkoba dan usia pertama penyalahgunaan pada usia remaja (Puslitdatin, 2019; Puslitdatin BNN, 2020). Penyalahgunaan narkoba pada remaja berdampak bagi individu, keluarga dan masyarakat serta menimbulkan kerugian kesehatan, hukum, sosial dan ekonomi (Chakravarthy et al., 2021; Sweatt,S.K, Gower, B.A, Chieh, A.Y, Liu, Y, Li, 2016). Penyalahgunaan narkoba remaja memerlukan penanganan secara profesional berupa rehabilitasi, tetapi angka kekambuhan tinggi bahkan mencapai 80% (Becker et al., 2021; Moos & Bernice, 2006; National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2020).  Berbagai studi menyebutkan peran keluarga dan ketahanan keluarga penting dan berpengaruh pada angka kekambuhan penyalahgunaan narkoba remaja (Becker et al., 2021; Ronel & Haimoff-Ayali, 2018; Zerbetto et al., 2017). Berdasarkan data tersebut maka penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengkaji peran keluarga dalam membantu remaja mencegah kekambuhan. Penelitian dalam tulisan ini menggunakan metode tinjauan literatur dengan fokus teori yang digunakan adalah social learning theory Bandura dan differential association theory Shutherland. Teori tersebut dikaitkan dengan ketahanan keluarga dalam kekambuhan. Kebaharuan penelitian ini secara spesifik membahas peran keluarga pada remaja dengan mengacu pada teori pembelajaran Bandura dan Shutterland yang berkaitan dengan kekambuhan penyalahgunaan narkobanya serta menawarkan saran penyelesaiiannya. Kata kunci: Adiksi; ketahanan keluarga; penyalahgunaan narkoba.
Analisis Pendukung Paslon 02 di Pemilu 2024 Pada Platform Media Sosial Twitter “X” Christiana, Christiana; Kirana, Rachel Nasywa; Ardyan, Shandayu
ULIL ALBAB : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol. 3 No. 5: April 2024
Publisher : CV. Ulil Albab Corp

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56799/jim.v3i5.3306

Abstract

Kontestasi Pemilihan Umum 2024 ini terdapat beberapa hal menarik yang tentunya menjadi pembahasan dalam masyarakat. Hal ini juga sebagai bentuk kepedulian masyarakat untuk memilih dan menentukan pilihannya dalam pemilu untuk menghasilkan pemimpin masa depan yang mampu untuk menghadapi tantangan dunia di masa depan. Tetapi ajang ini juga tidak jarang menimbulkan perpecahan dan perbedaan pilihan di semua kalangan generasi pemilih. Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana sikap masyarakat dalam merespon Pemilihan Umum ini yang tidak jarang menciptakan suatu golongan pro dan kontra dalam sikapnya berpolitik hingga terjadinya keterasingan dan diabaikan oleh sekelompok yang mendukung mayoritas. Media sosial menjadi acuan dalam penelitian, serta bagaimana tanggapan masyarakat mengenai suatu golongan minoritas yang akhirnya memicu terbentuknya Silent Majority. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Spiral of Silence karena berhubungan dengan sikap pendukung Prabowo-Gibran memilih untuk tidak mengungkapkan pandangan mereka media sosial. Penelitian ini juga membahas bagaimana komunikasi dalam bermedia sosial yang terkadang menimbulkan kecemasan dan ketakutan dari penggunanya yang akhirnya memicu Silent Majority yang membuat mereka enggan berkomentar atau menghiraukan segala yang terjadi walaupun dalam hatinya terdapat rasa ingin bersuara dan sudah menentukan pilihannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemilih lebih memilih bungkam dan enggan berkomentar di media sosial.