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All Journal Jurnal Medik Veteriner Buletin Veteriner Udayana
I Wayan Masa Tenaya, I Wayan Masa
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Public Health Veterinary

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Adaptation of African Swine Virus in Non-Swine Cell Lines: A Preliminary Study for Vaccine Candidate Tenaya, I Wayan Masa; Agustina, Kadek Karang; Suada, I Ketut; Apsari, Ida Ayu Pasti; Sari, Tri Komala; Handayani, Ni Made; Widayantari, Anak Agung Ayu Sauca Sunia; Suardana, Anak Agung Komang; Sumarya, I Made; Arsana, I Nyoman; Sudiartawan, I Putu; Wahyudi, I Wayan; Juliasih, Ni Ketut Ayu; Sudaryati, Ni Luh Gede; Damriyasa, I Made
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol8.iss1.2025.114-123

Abstract

African Swine Fever (ASF) is among the most detrimental infectious viral diseases in pigs causing approximately 100% mortality. The disease was first reported about 83 years ago in Africa before spreading to Europe in 1957 and Asia in 2010. An adequate vaccine generally containing live attenuated virus isolates prepared in swine macrophages to control the disease is currently unavailable. Therefore, this study aimed to use murine neuroblastoma (N2a) cells, non-swine cell lines, to adapt African swine fever virus (ASFV) isolates for vaccine preparation. ASFV isolate called BL21 obtained from Bali and East Nusa Tenggara was previously propagated in swine macrophages. However, virus was currently adapted in the N2a cells to avoid unwanted issues associated with using swine macrophages, including microbial contamination, as well as technically laborious and ethical issues. The adapted BL21 was re-confirmed with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) and tested in vivo to examine the pathogenicity properties. The results showed that BL21 produced consistently and specifically positive q-PCR, killing experimental pigs with typical gross pathological changes of ASF. BL21 at a 10-3/mL dilution adapted in N2a cells showed similar antigenic properties causing the death of nearly 50% N2a cells in vitro and terminating all in vivo experimental pigs. In conclusion, the BL21 isolate reported in this study could be used as a vaccine candidate after more attenuation and particularly to determine a lethal dose of 50% (LD50) for future investigations.
LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICE OF GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICES (GMP) IN CHICKEN SLAUGHTERHOUSES AND CHICKEN CUTTING PLACES IN DENPASAR Anindya, Naura; Mufa, Romy Muhammad Dary; Tenaya, I Wayan Masa
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. February 2026 Vol. 18 No. 1
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2026.v18.i01.p20

Abstract

Chicken meat is the most widely consumed animal-based food commodity in Indonesia, making product quality and safety important. Chicken Slaughterhouses and Chicken Cutting Places serve as critical units in producing chicken carcasses that meet the principles of Safe, Healthy, Intact, and Halal (ASUH). This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the implementation of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) in Chicken Slaughterhouses and Chicken Cutting Places in Denpasar City. This study used an observational design and a quantitative approach. Sampling was conducted using purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Fourteen respondents, including owners and quality control managers, were interviewed for this study. Data were collected through structured interviews using questionnaires. The level of GMP knowledge showed that 42.8% of respondents were in the good category, while the overall level of knowledge was low. The GMP attitude level showed that 85.7% of respondents had a positive attitude toward GMP implementation. Meanwhile, the GMP practice level indicated that 50% of the respondents were in the low category. GMP knowledge in Chicken Slaughterhouses and Chicken Cutting Places showed variation but tended to remain low. Although respondents’ attitudes toward GMP were generally positive, this was not yet reflected in their practices, which remained suboptimal and below the standard. This condition indicates a gap between knowledge and attitude and the actual implementation of GMP in the field. The recommendations of this study include continuous socialization and further research with more diverse respondents to improve knowledge, attitudes, and GMP practices among food handlers.
MONITORING OF ANTIBIOTIC RESIDUES IN BROILER CHICKEN LIVERS IN TABANAN REGENCY, BALI Arinata, I Ketut Teguh; Tenaya, I Wayan Masa; Agustina, Kadek Karang; Besung, I Nengah Kerta; Sudira, I Wayan; Suardana, Ida Bagus Kade
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. February 2026 Vol. 18 No. 1
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2026.v18.i01.p24

Abstract

Antibiotic residues in animal products can pose health risks, including antimicrobial resistance, allergies, and toxicity. The use of antibiotics in inappropriate doses, either excessive or insufficient, can cause antibiotic residues in animal products, especially in the liver, milk, and meat. Broiler chicken livers have a higher risk of residue accumulation than other organs due to their role in drug metabolism. This study aims to determine the presence or absence of antibiotic residues in broiler chicken livers in relation to the level of knowledge and attitudes of farmers regarding the use of antibiotics administered during the broiler chicken rearing process in Tabanan Regency, Bali. This study is observational with a purposive sampling method that requires 20 broiler chicken liver samples, and data on farmers' knowledge and attitudes regarding antibiotic use is obtained directly through interviews from broiler chicken farms. Antibiotic residues in broiler chicken liver samples will be tested using a screening test based on the Kirby-Bauer method at the Denpasar Veterinary Public Health Laboratory. The research data was tabulated and analyzed descriptively, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The test results showed that all broiler chicken liver samples were negative for antibiotic residues. These results were supported by the farmers' high level of knowledge regarding the proper use of antibiotics, compliance with withdrawal periods, and the application of doses that were generally in accordance with recommendations. Although all farmers still reported using antibiotics during rearing, the pattern of administration was monitored and found to be controlled and not excessive. It is hoped that these good attitudes and practices can be maintained in order to ensure the safety of poultry-derived food.
Pathogenesis studies of African swine fever virus isolates from Bali and East Nusa Tenggara as a basis for inactivated vaccine development Tenaya, I Wayan Masa; Agustina, Kadek Karang; Suada, Ketut; Sukada, Made; Mufa, Romy Muhammad Dary; Apsari, Ida Ayu Pasti; Dwinata, I Made; Ardana, Ida Bagus Komang; Damriyasa, Made; Sari, Tri Komala; Astawa, Nyoman Mantik; Supartika, Ketut Eli; Wirata, Ketut; Suarsana, Nyoman; Suartha, Nyoman
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): April
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol9.iss1.2026.150-160

Abstract

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and lethal disease of pigs for which no effective vaccine is currently available. This study evaluated the pathogenicity of field African swine fever virus (ASFV) isolates from Bali and East Nusa Tenggara and assessed their potential for inactivated vaccine development using spleen-derived antigens. Based on the qPCR results, among all ASFV isolates tested, only the Bali isolate, designated B1, exhibited the highest DNA concentration, suggesting that this sample contained the highest ASFV titer. Consequently, the B1 isolate was selected and processed into chemically treated (CT-ASFV) and non-treated (NCT-ASFV) formulations. In the pathogenesis trials, pigs inoculated with NCT-ASFV developed acute ASF and died within 12 days, whereas those receiving CT-ASFV exhibited no clinical signs of ASF and showed no evidence of viral replication. In the vaccination trial, pigs immunized with CT-ASFV emulsified in Montanide™ ISA 50 V2 demonstrated survival in two out of three animals (67%) following challenge with a virulent strain, while all control animals succumbed to infection. Despite the absence of detectable humoral responses as determined by ELISA, the observed protection suggests a potential role for cell-mediated immunity. These findings indicate that the B1 isolate was highly virulent and represents a promising candidate for the development of an inactivated ASF vaccine. Further evaluation in larger-scale field trials is warranted.
Co-Authors Anak Agung Komang Suardana Anindya, Naura Arinata, I Ketut Teguh Handayani, Ni Made I Ketut Suada I Made Damriyasa I Made Dwinata I Nyoman Arsana, I Nyoman I NYOMAN MANTIK ASTAWA I Nyoman Suarsana I Wayan Sudira I Wayan Wahyudi, I Wayan Ida Ayu Pasti Apsari Ida Bagus Kade Suardana Ida Bagus Komang Ardana Kadek Karang Agustina Ketut ELI Supartika KETUT SUADA Made Damriyasa, Made Mufa, Romy Muhammad Dary Ni Ketut Ayu Juliasih Ni Luh Gede Sudaryati Nyoman Suartha Sudiartawan, I Putu Sukada, Made Sumarya, I Made TRI KOMALA SARI Widayantari, Anak Agung Ayu Sauca Sunia Wirata, Ketut