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Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Ketrampilan Kader Palang Merah Remaja Sekolah Dasar dalam Deteksi Dini Gangguan Ketajaman Penglihatan Menggunakan Metode Hitung Jari dan E-Tumbling Rochmayani, Dewi Sari; Cahyaningsih , Oktaviani; Budiono, Irwan
JURNAL INOVASI DAN PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA Vol 3 No 1 (2024): Januari
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26714/jipmi.v3i1.297

Latar belakang: Sebanyak 33,3% siswa Sekolah Dasar Negeri (SDN) Krapyak Kota Semarang mengalami gangguan ketajaman penglihatan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya deteksi dini gangguan ketajaman penglihatan. Kader Palang Merah Remaja (PMR) sekolah dapat diberdayakan untuk upaya deteksi dini. Tujuan: Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini dilaksanakan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang kesehatan mata serta ketrampilan deteksi dini gangguan ketajaman penglihatan pada kader PMR SDN Krapyak Kota Semarang. Metode: Sebanyak 22 kader PMR diberikan edukasi tentang materi kesehatan mata. Edukasi dilakukan dengan metode ceramah, tanya jawab dan diskusi. Adapun peningkatan ketrampilan deteksi dini gangguan ketajaman penglihatan dilaksanakan dengan melalui simulasi dan praktik metode hitung jari dan e-tumbling. Hasil: Rata-rata skor pengetahuan tentang kesehatan mata meningkat dari 50,90 ± 9,54 pada saat pre-test menjadi 87,87 ± 7,01 pada saat post-test. Rata-rata persentase N Gain pengetahuan peserta pelatihan sebesar 75,36 dan N Gain ketrampilan sebesar 65,15%. Kesimpulan: Pelatihan dalam pengabdian masyarakat ini sangat efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan peserta dalam melakukan deteksi dini gangguan ketajaman penglihatan. Sekolah disarankan untuk memfasilitasi kader PMR sebagai pendidik sebaya untuk deteksi dini gangguang ketajaman penglihatan.. Kata kunci: anak sekolah, deteksi dini, e-tumbling, hitung jari, ketajaman penglihatan __________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract Background: As many as 33.3% of Krapyak State Elementary School (SES) students in Semarang City experience visual acuity problems. Therefore, early detection of visual acuity disorders is needed. School Youth Red Cross (PMR) cadres can be empowered for early detection efforts. Objective: This community service is carried out to increase knowledge about eye health and skills for early detection of visual acuity disorders among PMR cadres at SES Krapyak, Semarang City. Method: A total of 22 PMR cadres were given education about eye health material. Education is carried out using lectures, question and answer, and discussion methods. Meanwhile, improving skills for early detection of visual acuity disorders is carried out through simulation and practice of finger counting and e-tumbling methods. Results: The average knowledge score about eye health increased from 50.90 ± 9.54 on the pre-test to 87.87 ± 7.01 on the post-test. The average percentage of N Gain in knowledge for training participants was 75.36 and N Gain in skills was 65.15%. Conclusion: This community service training is very effective in increasing participants' knowledge and skills in carrying out early detection of visual acuity disorders. Schools are advised to facilitate PMR cadres as peer educators for the early detection of visual acuity disorders. Keywords: early detection, e-tumbling, finger counting, visual acuity, school children

Family History and Smartphone Use Associated With Refractive Error in School-Aged Children Rochmayani, Dewi Sari; Cahyaningsih, Oktaviani
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 20, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v20i2.48711

The prevalence of Refractive Error (RE) in school children tends to increase. The study aims to analyze the prevalence and determinants of RE in elementary school children. The research was carried out in 2022, using a cross-sectional design. The research population is 110 students in grades V and VI of Krapyak State Elementary School, Semarang City. A total of 80 students were selected as samples with purposive sampling techniques. Data collection was carried out by interview techniques using questionnaires. RE is measured by Snellen Chart examination and pinhole lens. The multiple logistic regression multivariate test was used for risk factor analysis. The bivariate analysis resulted in 6 variables eligible for inclusion in the multivariate analysis model. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that there were 2 risk factors for RE, namely: smartphone use ≥ 2 hours continuously per day (OR = 14.622 95% CI 1.124 - 190.181) and parental history (OR = 11.194, 95% CI 1.827 -65.567). The probability of RE if a student has both risk factors is 71%. The use of smartphones ≥ 2 hours continuously per day and the presence of parental history of RE are risk factors for RE events in elementary school students.

Exploration of Positive Deviance in Prevention of Underweight in the Under-Five: A Qualitative Study on Low-Income Urban Families Budiono, Irwan; Fauzi, Lukman; Rochmayani, Dewi Sari
Kesmas Vol. 19, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Children under the age of five (the under-five) from low-income families are more vulnerable to experience underweight. This nutritional vulnerability is evident in the preliminary study, where 35.1% of the under-five experience underweight, and 28.48% are low-income families. This study aimed to explore Positive Deviance (PD) behaviors in preventing underweight among the under-five. The study applied a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data collection took place in July-August 2022, focusing on low-income families in the Gunung Brintik area. Data were collected through two focus group discussions, seven in-depth interviews, and five key informant interviews. Coding, subtheme, and theme development were facilitated using the ATLAS.ti trial package. Triangulation of the study results yielded four major themes influencing the prevention of underweight in the under-five: interventions by health workers and cadres, community awareness and concern, family support, and maternal nutrition literacy. The identified PD behaviors practiced by the community in the study location have been shown to contribute to the prevention of underweight in the under-five. Strengthening these identified PD behaviors and their implementation in other areas is essential to support efforts to combat underweight in the under-five.

Pemberdayaan Keluarga Dalam Melatih Stimulasi Otak dan Ketajaman Penglihatan Menggunakan Fun Thinkers Cahyaningsih, Oktaviani; Rochmayani, Dewi Sari
Community : Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Juli | COMMUNITY - Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat
Publisher : LPPM Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi - Studi Ekonomi Modern

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/3ghh8425

Visual impairment, especially in children, is currently very under-appreciated. A poor learning environment is one of the triggers for decreased visual acuity in children, even though good vision is very important in the teaching and learning process. Training fine motor skills can not only be done at school. but it is most effective if it can be started in the family so that family support is needed to increase brain stimulation and improve visual acuity in addition to good nutritional intake in children. Based on a preliminary survey, there are around 85 toddlers in RW I, Palebon Village, Pedurungan District, where on average, based on information from the parents of each child, they have been introduced to gadgets since the age of 9 months. This is what we need to be aware of regarding eye health problems in toddlers from an early age due to the influence of gadgets. Increasing brain stimulation and improving visual acuity can be done early on through family empowerment, which is something that is not yet widely realized by families in RW I, Palebon, Pedurungan. For the smooth running of family empowerment efforts in training brain stimulation and visual acuity using educational games for pre-school children, there are several categories in the implementation, namely Lectures on the importance of maintaining visual acuity, Practice using Fun Thinker, Role Play, Case Studies and discussions, Evaluation and mentoring with the target being the family. The result of the implementation of this PKM is an increase in family knowledge and skills in training brain stimulation which also has an impact on visual acuity. In realizing that the family plays an important role in training brain stimulation which also has an impact on visual acuity, there needs to be positive activities built in the family, especially those that are useful in increasing brain intelligence by conducting brain stimulation and visual acuity.

Analysis of Factors Influencing the Progressivity of Refraction Status on the Employees of Widya Husada University Cahyaningsih, Oktaviani; Rochmayani, Dewi Sari
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol 6 No 4 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v6i4.3454

Refractive errors are the most common visual disorders throughout the world, one of which is myopia (Yeyen Ariaty et al., 2019). Myopia can be caused by genetic and environmental factors, one of which is close viewing activities such as using gadget, PC screen, or laptop for more than 10 hours without taking a break (Lestari et al., 2020). Using gadgets, PC screens, or laptops is inseparable from our daily life. More than half of the world’s population consume digital media as the main choice of communication and media channels at work. Ignoring eye health will affect eye function (Alifina, 2021). Eye diseases are still often experienced by people, so the eyes require good care (Dana, 2020).Objective: This study aims to find out the factors affecting the refractive status progression of Universitas Widya Husada Semarang Staffs. The factors analyzed include age, screen time, eyeglasses use length, and natural history of diseases.Method: This study uses a quantitative research method oriented with inductive logic, while data collection uses questionnaires with Spearman’s Rank Test on SPSS (Nursalam, 2019). With saturated sample technique, the total population and the number of samples is 35 respondents, the questionnaire used in primary data collection was carried out. Validity and reliability tests were tested on 30 respondents taken from outside the research location. Results: The study results show a significant correlation of age and screen time, but no significant correlation of eyeglasses use length and natural history of disease to the progression of refractive status. Conclusions: The research data shows that there is a significant relationship between age and length of exposure to the screen, but there is no significant relationship between the use of glasses and a history of disease on the development of refractive status.

Development of Research Instruments as A Measure of Literacy in Analyzing Nutritional Problems in Toddlers among Posyandu Cadres Cahyaningsih, Oktaviani; Rochmayani, Dewi Sari
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol 7 No 4 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v7i4.6496

Literacy in the context of nutritional issues in toddlers is the ability to understand concepts, apply them, and make decisions based on the science of nutrition and child health in a scientific, rational, and responsible manner to solve problems in daily life. Cadres, as one of the human data sources in the community and involved in health promotion and intervention efforts, need to develop literacy in studying how food and nutrients affect the growth, development, and health of toddlers. Toddler nutrition issues such as stunting, underweight, wasting, anemia, and obesity not only affect the physical condition of children but also their cognitive development and long-term performance. The development of research instruments needs to be carried out as a measure of the extent to which cadres understand nutritional issues in toddlers, which remains a serious problem in Indonesia. Objective: The development of this instrument aims to provide an overview and guidelines for developing health modules that can be used to train posyandu cadres in assisting government programs to reduce nutritional problems in toddlers. Method: The process of developing this instrument consists of stages: 5 phases, namely 1) Initial investigation, 2) Design, 3) Construction/development, 4) Testing (test, evaluation, and revision), and 5) Implementation. Content validity test with Aiken's V coefficient, instrument validity is conducted using the product moment correlation method, while the reliability test is conducted using the Cronbach's Alpha method. Results: Each item of the research instrument to be used shows the following results expert construct validity test using Aiken's V coefficient value with results ≥ 0.80 and all item questions having Sig. < 0.05, it can be concluded that each question item is positively correlated and valid, while for the reliability interpretation results Reliability shows a Cronbach’s Alpha value of 0.932 > 0.361, thus it can be concluded that the research instrument has high reliability (reliable). Conclusions: Content validity test with Aiken's V coefficient, instrument validity is conducted using the product moment correlation method, the development of this research instrument uses The validity test with Aiken's V coefficient shows that each item is valid. Pearson Product Moment is used to test the validity of the instrument, while Cronbach's Alpha is used to test the reliability of the instrument. while the reliability test is conducted using the Cronbach's Alpha method.

PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN KESEHATAN MATA PADA LANSIA DI KOTA SEMARANG Putri, Aninda; Rochmayani, Dewi Sari
Jurnal Implementasi Pengabdian Masyarakat Kesehatan (JIPMK) Vol 6, No 1 (Maret) (2024): Jurnal Implementasi Pengabdian Masyarakat Kesehatan
Publisher : Universitas Widya Husada Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33660/jipmk.v6i1.135

Kesehatan mata pada lanjut usia (lansia) umumnya terjadi karena kemampuan mata untuk secara aktif berfokus pada objek yang dekat perlahan-lahan berkurang dikarenakan usia. Di desa Kedung Jangan, Kelurahan Purwosari, Kecamatan Mijen selama ini mempunyai kegiatan posyandu lansia, namun hanya sebatas melakukan kegiatan senam lansia dan pemeriksaan tekanan darah, kolesterol dan asam urat. Dari studi pendahuluan 10 lansia tidak mengetahui tentang kesehatan mata dan belum pernah mendapatkan pemeriksaan mata dan banyak yang mengeluh mengalami gangguan penglihatan. Mengingat pentingnya kesehatan mata pada lansia yang akan berdampak bagi kondisi lansia secara umum, maka sangat perlu untuk dilakukan pemberian informasi terkait kesehatan mata pada lansia. Metode yang dilakukan adalah dengan memberikan informasi tentang kesehatan mata, pemeriksaan tajam penglihatan (visus), dan pemberian frame kacamata secara gratis. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini diikuti sebanyak 50 lansia, dari mulai mengerjakan soal pre test, penyampaian materi, dan mengerjakan post test. Sebelum diberikan pengetahuan sebagian besar subyek belum memahami deteksi dini gangguan penglihatan, hal ini ditunjukkan dengan skor pengetahuan baik sebelumnya 0% menjadi 75%, skor pengetahuan cukup sebelumnya 16% menjadi 23% dan skor pengetahuan kurang sebelumnya 84% turun menjadi 2%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan tentang kesehatan mata pada lansia di Kedung Jangan Kelurahan Purwosari, Kecamatan Mijen, Kota Semarang. Setelah kegiatan ini diharapkan agar para lansia yang mengikuti kegiatan ini dapat menyebarluaskan pengetahuan kepada masyarakat di sekitarnya terutama para lansia.

Risk Factors for the Incidence of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) in Lecturers During the Online Learning Period Rochmayani, Dewi Sari; Cahyaningsih, Oktaviani
Journal of Health Education Vol 6 No 2 (2021): September 2021
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang cooperate with Association of Indonesian Public Health Experts (Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jhe.v6i2.47513

Background: The online learning process during the Covid 19 pandemic has increased the incidence of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS). The results of the study showed that there were 15% of lecturers at Widya Husada University Semarang experienced CVS. The purpose of the study was to analyze CVS risk factors among lecturers during the online learning period.Methods: The study was conducted using a case-control design. The research sample was lecturers at Widya Husada University as many as 60 people consisting of 30 people each in the case and control groups. A questionnaire with google forms was used for data collection. The data analysis used was univariate, chi-square for bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression for multivariate analysis.Results: There are 5 variables that are significantly proven as risk factors for CVS, namely: 1) long working with computers (OR = 18.693; 95% CI = 1.487 – 234.955); 2) duration of computer use continuously (OR = 54,281; 95% CI = 2,523 – 1167,92); 3) length of rest after using the computer (OR = 31.060; 95% CI = 1.884 – 512.062); 4) distance from eyesight to monitor (OR = 34.640; 95% CI = 2.263 – 530.240); and 5) the position of the top of the monitor with respect to the horizontal eye level (OR = 17.555; 95% CI = 1.778 -173.296). Lecturers who have these 5 risk factors together will have a probability of experiencing CVS by 83%. Conclusion: Exposure to computer monitors experienced by lecturers during online learning will increase the risk of CVS events. There needs to be an effort to modify risk factors so that CVS events among lecturers during online learning can be prevented.

Validity of the Eye Health Literacy Measurement Instrument for Elementary School Students Rochmayani, Dewi Sari; Cahyaningsih, Oktaviani; Budiono, Irwan
Journal of Health Education Vol 8 No 2 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang cooperate with Association of Indonesian Public Health Experts (Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jhe.v8i2.60937

Background: Research on eye health among elementary school students in Semarang City showed that 22.5% had refractive errors, 36.3% had unhealthy habits such as looking at smartphone screens for too long and reading distance < 30 cm. This indicates that eye health literacy in elementary school children is still lacking. The study aimed to develop an eye health literacy instrument for elementary school children. The development research design was utilized to develop an instrument for measuring eye health literacy. This process consisted of three stages: preliminary study, development, and testing. A focus group discussion (FGD) was conducted to determine the dimensions and parameters of eye health literacy. Instrument testing was carried out through the assessment of five experts in the field of eye health. Content validity was calculated using the Aiken V formula. The study developed an instrument for eye health literacy consisting of 4 dimensions: 1) knowledge about eye health, 2) access to eye health information, 3) skills to maintain eye health, 4) access to eye health services. The expert validity test using Aiken's V coefficient showed that each item in the eye health literacy instrument was considered as valid (coefficient ≥ 0.92).Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the developed eye health literacy instrument is proven to have high content validity. It is suggested that further research is needed for the external testing stage.

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