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All Journal Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Komunikasi Fisika Indonesia JURNAL FISIKA Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam SEMIRATA 2015 Journal of Aceh Physics Society Jurnal Litbang Industri Jurnal Fisika Indonesia Journal of Technomaterial Physics Jurnal Litbang Industri Indonesian Journal of Physics (IJP) Science, Technology, and Communication Journal Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences
Awitdrus Awitdrus, Awitdrus
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Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics

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Journal : Journal of Aceh Physics Society

 1 
Characterization of Physical Properties for Activated Carbon from Garlic Skin Miftah Ainul Mardiah; Awitdrus Awitdrus; Rakhmawati Farma; Erman Taer
Journal of Aceh Physics Society Volume 10, Number 4, October 2021
Publisher : PSI-Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jacps.v10i4.19571

Abstract

Abstrak. Karbon aktif yang berasal dari biomassa telah menjadi bahan material dasar yang sudah digunakan secara luas untuk berbagai aplikasi eperti penyerapan, absorben, elektroda, penyimpan energi, dan aplikasi lainnya. Oleh karena itu perlu untuk pengoptimalkan sumber mentah karbon aktif berbiaya rendah dan memiliki porositas yang tinggi.  Biomassa kulit bawang putih sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan karbon aktif melalui proses pra-karbonisasi, aktivasi kimia dengan aktivator KOH dan ZnCl2 dengan masing-masing kosentrasi sebesar 0,25 M, 0,5 M, dan 0,75 M dan tanpa aktivator kimia. Proses karbonisasi dengan suhu 600°C dialiri gas nitrogen dan diaktivasi fisika dengan suhu 850°C. Penyusutan massa karbon sebesar 29,4%. Nilai densitas dari elektroda karbon untuk aktivator KOH dengan kosentrasi 0,5M yaitu 0,64 g.cm-3dan untuk aktivator ZnCl2 dengan kosentrasi 0,5M yaitu 0,71 g.cm-3. Gugus fungsi yang dimiliki elektroda kulit bawang putih diidentifikasi sebagai C-C, C C (alkuna), C-H (alkana), dan (O-H) yaitu pada bilangan gelombang 1600 cm-1, 1500 cm-1, 2950 cm-1 dan 2900-3600 cm-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada aktivator KOH dan ZnCl2 dengan kosentrasi 0,5 M kondisi terbaik untuk variasi guna menunjang pengoptimalkan sumber mentah karbon aktif dan bisa digunakan dalam berbagai apliasi yang lebih luas. Abstract. Activated carbon derived from biomass has become a basic material that has been used widely for various applications such as absorption, absorbent, electrodes, energy storage, and other applications. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the raw source of activated carbon which is low cost and has high porosity. Garlic skin biomass as a basic material for making activated carbon through a pre-carbonization process, chemical activation with KOH and ZnCl2 activators with concentrations of 0,25 M, 0,5 M, and 0,75 M respectively and without chemical activators. The carbonization process with a temperature of 600°C is flowed with nitrogen gas and is physically activated at a temperature of 850°C. Shrinkage of carbon by 29.4%. The density value of the carbon electrode for the KOH activator with a concentration of 0.5M is 0.64 g.cm-3 and for the ZnCl2 activator with a concentration of 0,5M is 0,71 g.cm-3. The functional groups possessed by the garlic skin electrode were identified as C-C, C = C (alkynes), C-H (alkanes), and (O-H), namely at the wave numbers 1600 cm-1, 1500 cm-1, 2950 cm-1 and 2900-3600 cm-1. The results showed that the KOH and ZnCl2 activators with a concentration of 0.5 M were the best conditions for variation in order to optimize the raw source of activated carbon and could be used in a wider variety of applications.
The production of supercapacitor carbon electrodes based on sugar palm fronds using chemical and physical activation combination Awitdrus Awitdrus; Decha Apriliany Suwandi; Agustino Agustino; Erman Taer; Rakhmawati Farma
Journal of Aceh Physics Society Volume 10, Number 3, July 2021
Publisher : PSI-Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jacps.v10i3.18517

Abstract

Abstrak. Pembuatan elektroda karbon superkapasitor berbasis limbah pelepah aren dengan kombinasi pengaktifan kimia dan fisika telah berhasil dilakukan. Aktivasi kimia dilakukan dengan menggunakan agen pengaktif 0,3 M KOH dan aktivasi fisika menggunakan gas CO2 pada suhu 900oC selama 2,5 jam. Karakterisasi sifat fisis elektroda meliputi susut massa, tebal, diameter, densitas dan derajat kristalinitas. Karakterisasi sifat elektrokimia elektroda dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode siklis voltametri. Setelah proses karbonisasi-aktivasi fisika, massa, tebal, diameter dan densitas elektroda mengalami penurunan persentase masing-masing adalah 60,87; 30,43; 24,08 dan 5,71%. Elektroda PA-0,3 memiliki struktur semi kristalin, yang ditandai dengan adanya dua puncak yang lebar pada sudut hamburan sekitar 25o dan 46o. kapasitansi spesifik elektroda PA-0,3 berdasarkan variasi laju pemindaian  adalah 90 F g-1 untuk 1 mV s-1, 82 F g-1 untuk 2 mV s-1, dan 71 F g-1 untuk 5 mV s-1. Abstract. The production of supercapacitor carbon electrodes based on sugar palm frond waste using chemical and physical activation combinations have been successfully carried out. The chemical activation was carried out using 0.3 M KOH activating agent and the physical activation using CO2 gas at a temperature of 900oC for 2.5 h. Characterization of the physical properties of the electrodes includes mass loss, thickness, diameter, density and degree of crystallinity. The electrochemical properties characterization of the electrodes was carried out using the cyclic voltammetry method. After the carbonization-physical activation process, the mass, thickness, diameter, and density of the electrodes decreased in the percentage of 60.87, 30.43, 24.08, and 5.71%, respectively. The PA-0.3 electrode has a semi crystalline structure, which characterized by the presence of two broadening peaks at a scattering angle around of 25o and 46o. The specific capacitance of the PA-0.3 electrode based on the scan rate variations is 90 F g-1 for 1 mV s-1, 82 F g-1 for 2 mV s-1, and 71 F g-1 for 5 mV s-1.Keywords: Sugar palm fronds, Chemical activation, Physical activation, Carbon electrode, Supercapacitor 
The Preliminary Study of Utilization of Water Chestnut as Supercapacitor Electrode Using Steam Activation Zulkifli Zulkifli; Awitdrus Awitdrus; Erman Taer
Journal of Aceh Physics Society Volume 7 Number 1, January 2018
Publisher : PSI-Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (125.342 KB)

Abstract

Purun tikus (eleocharis dulcis) merupakan tumbuhan gulma yang bersifat polutan di perairan tawar. Efek pertumbuhan purun tikus yang cepat menyebabkan pendangkalan perairan, gangguan sistem irigasi dan pengurangan oksigen bawah air. Salah satu upaya pemanfaatan purun tikus yang bernilai tambah tinggi adalah purun tikus sebagai elektroda karbon superkapasitor. Karbon aktif berasaskan purun tikus dibuat dengan metode dua langkah secara simultan yaitu karbonisasi pada suhu 600°C dalam lingkungan nitrogen dan aktivasi fisika menggunakan uap air pada suhu 900°C selama 1 jam. Densitas karbon aktif menurun dari 0,85 menjadi 0,78 gr/cm3 setelah diaktivasi. Sifat elektrokimia elektroda karbon diukur dengan metode siklik voltammetri. Kapasitansi spesifik elektroda karbon masing-masing 58, 33 dan 23 F/g pada laju imbasan 1, 2 dan 5 mV/s. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa purun tikus dapat dijadikan elektroda superkapasitor dan menjadi solusi untuk mengurangi kerusakan ekosistem perairan tawar. Water chestnut are polluted weed plant in fresh water. The effect of rapid growth of water chestnut causes siltation of water, irigation system disturbance and reduction of oxygen underwater. One of the effort of the value added utilization of water chestnut is as carbon electrode for supercapacitor application. Water chestnut based activated carbon is prepared by a two-step method simultaneously i.e. carbonization at 600°C in a nitrogen atmospheric and physical activation using steam at 900 °C for a hour. The density of activated carbon after activation is decreased from 0,85 to 0,78 gr/cm3. The electrochemical properties of the carbon electrode are measured using cyclic voltammetry method. The specific capacitance of carbon electrode are 59, 33 and 23 F/g at the scan rate of 1, 2 and 5 mV/s, respectively. The result of this study are indicated that water chestnut suitable for supercapacitor electrode and become a solution to reduce the freshwater ecosystem damage. Keywords: Purun tikus, superkapasitor, siklis voltammetri, kapasitansi spesifik, perairanREFERENCEAsikin, S. dan Thamrin, M. 2012. Manfaat Purun Tikus (Eleocharis Dulcis) Pada Ekosistem Sawah Rawa. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian, 31(1): 35-42Arepalli, S., Fireman, H., Huffman, C., Moloney, P., Nikolaev, P., Yowell, L., Higgins, C. D., Kim, K., Kohl, P. A., Turano, S. P. and Ready W. J. 2005. Carbon-nanotube-based electrochemical double-layer capacitor technologies for spaceflight applications. Journal of  The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, 57:26-31.Erari, S.S., Mangimbulude, J., Lewerissa, K. 2012. Pencemaran Organik di Perairan Pesisir Pantai Teluk Youtefa Kota Jayapura, Papua. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kimia Unesa. ISBN 978-979-028-550-7. (C): 327-340.Farma, R., Deraman, M., Awitdrus, A., Talib, I.A.  Taer, E., Basri, N.H., Manjunatha, J.G., Ishak, M.M., Dollah, B.N.M., Hashmi, S.A. 2013.  Preparation of highly porous binderless activated carbon electrodes from fibres of oil palm empty fruit bunches for application in supercapacitors. Bioresource Technology. 132:254–261Feng, C.W., R.L. Tseng., C.C. Hu., C.C Wang., 2015, Effects of pore structure and electrolyte on the capasitive characteristics of steam and KOH activated carbons for supercapasitors, Journal of power sources. 144:302-309.Ionnidou, A and Zabaniotu. 2007. Agricultural residues of precursors for activated carbon production–a review, Renewable and sustainable energy reviews. 11:1705-1966.Kurniawan, F., Wongso, M., Ayucitra, A., Soetaredjo F.E., Angkawijaya A. E., Ju,Y. H., Ismadji, S. 2014. Carbon microsphere from water hyacinth for supercapacitor electrode. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. 47: 197-201.Liu, B., Zhou, X., Chen, H., Liu, Y., Li, H. 2016. Promising porous carbons derived from lotus seedpods with outstanding supercapacitance performance. Electrochimica Acta. 208 :55–63.Taer, E., Mustika, W.S., Zulkifli, Syam, I.D.M., Taslim, R. Pengaruh Suhu Pengaktivan CO2 Terhadap Luas Permukaan Elektroda Karbon dan Sifat Kapasitan Sel Superkapasitor dari Kayu Karet. 2015. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Fisika Universitas Andalas (SNFUA). 96-100Taer, E., Taslim, R., Aini, Z., Hartati, S.D., Mustika, W.S. 2017. Activated carbon electrode from banana-peel waste for supercapacitor applications. AIP Conference Proceedings. 1801:040004-1-040004-4.Taer, E., Zulkifli., Arif, E.N., Taslim, R. Analisa Kapasitansi Spesifik Elektroda Karbon Superkapasitor dari Kayu Karet Terhadap Laju Scan Berdasarkan Variasi Aktivasi HNO3. 2016. Spektra Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya. 1(1): 35-40.Yu, M., Han, Y., Li, J., Wang, L., 2016. CO2-activated porous carbon derived from cattail biomass for removal of malachite green dye and application as supercapacitors. Chemical Engineering Journal. 17:1-41.
Synthesis of activated carbon electrodes from date seeds with a variety of separators for supercapacitor cell applications Desmagrini Desmagrini; Awitdrus Awitdrus; Erman Taer; Rakhmawati Farma
Journal of Aceh Physics Society Volume 10, Number 3, July 2021
Publisher : PSI-Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jacps.v10i3.18512

Abstract

Abstrak. Karbon aktif yang berasal dari biomassa telah menjadi bahan elektroda paling kompetitif untuk superkapasitor karena sifatnya yang terbarukan dan berkelanjutan. Upaya optimalisasi dilakukan untuk proses pembuatan sel superkapasitor dengan memvariasikan separator agar dapat memperoleh kapasitansi spesifik yang tinggi. Biomassa biji kurma sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan elektroda karbon melalui proses prakarbonisasi, aktivasi kimia dengan aktivator KOH 0,3M, proses karbonisasi dengan suhu 650oC dialiri gas nitrogen. Penyusutan massa karbon sebesar 24,59%. Nilai densitas dari elektroda karbon setelah dilakukan proses karbonisasi adalah 0,852 g cm-3. Analisis struktur mikro menunjukkan bahwa elektroda karbon bersifat amorf ditunjukkan dengan adanya puncak pada sudut 2θ sekitar 24o dan 44o. Kapasitansi spesifik ditentukan dengan metode Cyclic Voltametry dan didapati sebesar 217,22; 176,18; dan 82,8 F/g masing-masing untuk variasi separator kertas whatman, kertas saring, dan membran telur ayam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kertas whatman merupakan separator terbaik untuk elektroda karbon dari biji kurma. Oleh karena itu karbon aktif yang dibuat dari biji kurma dengan biaya rendah, ketersedian mudah, dan berkelanjutan dapat diaplikasikan sebagai bahan elektroda untuk superkapasitor.Abstract. Activated carbon derived from biomass has become the most competitive electrode material for supercapacitors due to its renewable and sustainable nature. Optimization efforts are made for the process of making supercapacitor cells by varying the separator in order to obtain a high specific capacitance. Date seed biomass as the basic material for making carbon electrodes through a pre-carbonization process, chemical activation with a KOH activator of 0.3M, the carbonization process at a temperature of 650oC flowed with nitrogen gas. Shrinkage of carbon by 24.59%. The density value of the carbon electrode that was carried out by the carbonization process was 0.852 g.cm-3. The microstructure analysis showed that the carbon electrode was amorphous indicated by the presence of a peak at an angle of 2θ around 24o and 44o. Specific capacitance was determined by the Cyclic Voltametry method and was found to be 217.22, 176.18, and 82.8 F/g respectively for the Whatman paper, filter paper, and chicken egg membrane separator variations. The results showed that whatman paper was the best separator for carbon electrodes from date palm seeds. Therefore, activated carbon made from date seeds with low cost, easy availability, and sustainability can be applied as an electrode material for supercapacitors.Keywords: Date seed, Activated Carbon, Supercapacitor, Carbon Electrode, Separator
Co-Authors Ade Nur Indah Lestari Agustino Agustino Agustino Agustino Akrajas Ali Umar Alamin, Rahmatan Lil Amalia Aisha Noer Amiruddin, Erwin Angela Carolina Simanjuntak Apriyani, Irma Aria Yunita Aria Yunita Azwat, Luqyana Adha Daulay, Siti Rahma Decha Apriliany Suwandi Decha Apriliany Suwandi Defrianto Defrianto Desmagrini Desmagrini Desy Veyka Rukmana Dewi Indriyani Roslim Dewi Mulfida Erin Mazelly Hutapea Erman Taer Erwin Erwin Fera Anggelina Fitri Wahyuni Gultom, Elika Irma Apriyani Irma Apriyani Iwantono Iwan Barnawi Jaliaz, Akmal Karina Silviani Kasri, Anshori Lailatul Rahmi Lazuardi Umar Martha Theresia Simanjuntak Meisya, Meisya Melinda Vivi Meylia Susiana Dewi Putri Miftah Ainul Mardiah Mohamad Deraman, Mohamad Muhammad Luthfi Mulfida, Dewi Nasution, Dio Davana Firdaus Nurlisa Kartikasari Purba, Rosianna Putri, Hardini Chania Rahmondia N. Setiadi Rakhmawati Farma Raysa Fadillah Ricko Mahindra Ridho Nopriansyah Rinaldo Abdi Rini, Ari Sulistyo Rini, Ari Sulistyo Rita Kartini Manullang Saidatun Khofifah Saktioto Saktioto Saputrina, Truly Theresia Sella Natalia Sinuraya, Salomo Solly Aryza Sri Ulina Karo Sekali Sugiyanto Sugiyanto Suhardi Suhardi Sumarti Sumarti Syahputri, Intan Usman Malik Vepy Asyana Widarti ' Winda Nofriyanti Windayani Windayani Yanuar Hamzah Yurike Asra Zulkifli Zulkifli Zurya Hanifa Zurya Hanifa