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All Journal Cendekia Journal of Pharmacy Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Lingkungan Hidup Indonesian Journal of Global Health research Jurnal Farmasi Indonesian Journal on Medical Science (IJMS) Benzena Pharmaceutical Scientific Journal Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Retnowati Adiningsih
Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Nasional
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Dentistry Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content in Decoction and Infusion Suruhan Herb (Peperomia pellucida) Muhammad Sa'ad; Retnowati Adiningsih; Iffatul Fauziah; Naswa Salsabila Raiqah Putri
BENZENA Pharmaceutical Scientific Journal Vol 5 No 01 (2026): BENZENA PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL
Publisher : Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/benzena.v5i01.7948

Abstract

Background: Suruhan herb (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth) is a traditional medicinal plant with various pharmacological activities. One of these is its antioxidant activity due to its content of secondary metabolites such as phenols. Phenolic compounds have biological activity as natural antioxidants that can ward off free radicals that cause cell damage and various degenerative diseases. Objective: This study aimed to determine the phytochemical content and determine which extraction method yields the highest total phenol content and antioxidant activity in boiling and brewing of suruhan herb using the DPPH method. Method: Total phenol content was determined using UV-Vis spectrophotometry with gallic acid as the standard. The DPPH method was used to determine antioxidant activity, with vitamin C as a positive control. Results: The results showed that the boiled and brewed of suruhan herb contained phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins. The highest yield was obtained with the boiled method at 56.4%, while the brewed method yielded 21.53%. The total phenol content of the boiled extract was 50.308±0.337 mg GAE/g, while the brewed was 44.649±0.079 mg GAE/g. The antioxidant activity test results showed that the boiled extract had an IC50 value of 28.316 ppm, the brewed 33.942 ppm, and vitamin C, as a positive control, was 4.084 ppm. Conclusion: The antioxidant activity of the boiled extract and the brewed was categorized as very strong, with the boiled extract showing higher antioxidant activity, consistent with the results of total phenol measurements, which also showed higher levels in the boiled extract.
Solvent Variation Effects on Secondary Metabolites Content of Suruhan Herbs and Antioxidant Activity Using DPPH Method Indira Esterina Putri; Muhammad Sa'ad; Retnowati Adiningsih
BENZENA Pharmaceutical Scientific Journal Vol 5 No 01 (2026): BENZENA PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL
Publisher : Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/benzena.v5i01.7981

Abstract

Background: Suruhan herb (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth) had great potential as a natural antioxidant source due to its secondary metabolite content. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of solvent polarity (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and distilled water) on the secondary metabolite profiles and antioxidant activity of suruhan herb extracts using the DPPH method. Method: Samples were extracted via maceration at a 1:10 ratio. Ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts were concentrated using a rotary evaporator, while the distilled water extract was dried using a freeze dryer. Results: Phytochemical screening showed that all extracts contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and phenols. N-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts contained steroids/terpenoids and essential oils, while the distilled water extract contained saponins. One-way ANOVA showed highly significant differences in antioxidant activity. All extracts were categorized as very strong, with the lowest IC50 produced by ethyl acetate (29.37 µg/mL), followed by n-hexane (30.60 µg/mL) and distilled water (30.91 µg/mL). For comparison, Vitamin C had an IC50 of 4.08 µg/mL. Conclusion: Solvent polarity directly influenced the secondary metabolite profiles and antioxidant activity of the extracts. All variations exhibited very strong antioxidant activity (IC50 < 50 µg/mL), with statistically significant differences among the groups and the positive control. Each solvent yielded a significantly different antioxidant potency, ranking: ethyl acetate, n-hexane, and distilled water. Statistical analysis confirmed that ethyl acetate was the most effective solvent for extracting antioxidant compounds.
Co-Authors Anita Mursiany Arsita Angraini Putri Ciawaty Elisabeth Septia Andini Eliza Dian Hapsari Hartono Heni Setyoningsih Iffatul Fauziah Indira Esterina Putri Khoirun Nisa Logarithm Muhammad Sa'ad Naswa Salsabila Raiqah Putri Safira Khoirunisa Tarisca Dhea Mahardika Truly Anggraini Truly Dian Anggraini Truly Dian Anggraini Yovita Dewi Septya Adi