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All Journal Jurnal Kewarganegaraan IURIS NOTITIA : JURNAL ILMU HUKUM
Muhamad Idris
Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia
Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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EVALUASI KEKUATAN MILITER INDONESIA BERDASARKAN KONSEP REVOLUTION IN MILITARY AFFAIRS (RMA) (2004-2021) Peni Hanggarini; Taufik Bagus Murdianto; Purnomo Yusgiantoro; I Wayan Midhio; Asep Darmawan; Muhamad Idris
Jurnal Kewarganegaraan Vol 6 No 1 (2022): 1 Januari - 30 Juni 2022 (In Press)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI YOGYAKARTA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (479.993 KB) | DOI: 10.31316/jk.v6i1.2108

Abstract

AbstrakIndonesia telah melakukan transformasi teknologi militer, persenjataan, organisasi dan doktrin militer dalam menghadapi perubahan lingkungan internal dan eksternal. Apakah transformasi militer tersebut sesuai dengan konsep Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA)? Tulisan ini menganalisa komponen RMA Indonesia manakah yang paling penting berhasil dilakukan sejak 2004 hingga 2021? Pada periode kapan RMA paling baik telah terjadi? Tulisan ini berdasarkan penelitian metode campuran (mix method). Metodologi kuantitatif berdasarkan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) serta metode kualitatif berdasarkan Strength-Weakness-Opportunity-Threat (SWOT) melalui pertimbangan aspek Politik, Ekonomi, Sosial, Teknologi, Lingkungan/Environment, Hukum/Legal/Law (PESTLE). Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner terhadap 9 responden ahli RMA, interview serta analisa literature. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan komando, kontrol, computer dan integrasi sistem (C4) merupakan komponen RMA yang paling penting di Indonesia sejak 2004 hingga 2021. Pelaksanaan RMA terbaik yaitu pada 2009 hingga 2014. Analisa SWOT menunjukkan militer Indonesia masih belum optimal menangani perubahan ancaman dari dalam maupun luar sehingga perlu melakukan strategi diversifikasi.Kata kunci: Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA), Indonesia, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Politics, Economy, Social, Technology, Law, Environment (PESTLE) dan Strength-Weakness-Opportunity-Threat (SWOT)  AbstractIndonesia has transformed its military technology, weapons, organization, and military doctrine corresponding to its environments. However, is the transformation in line with the Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) concept? This paper evaluates components undertaken of Indonesian RMA from 2004 to 2021, also examines when Indonesia performed the best RMA. The study utilized the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) as a quantitative methodology; and the Politic, Economy, Social, Technology, Environment, Law, and (PESTLE) and Strength-Weakness-Opportunity- Threat (SWOT) for the quantitative side.  The paper uses nine expert questionnaires, interviews, and literature reviews for data collection. The result shows that command, control, computers, and system integration are the most significant RMA components from 2004 to 2021. The best RMA takes place from 2009 to 2014. The SWOT analysis indicates that the Indonesian military is still not optimal in anticipating changes from within and outside; thus, it is imperative to carry out a diversification strategy.Keywords: Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA), Indonesia, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Politics, Economy, Social, Technology, Law, Environment (PESTLE), and Strength-Weakness-Opportunity-Threats (SWOT).
EVALUASI KEKUATAN MILITER INDONESIA BERDASARKAN KONSEP REVOLUTION IN MILITARY AFFAIRS (RMA) (2004-2021) Peni Hanggarini; Taufik Bagus Murdianto; Purnomo Yusgiantoro; I Wayan Midhio; Asep Darmawan; Muhamad Idris
Jurnal Kewarganegaraan Vol 6 No 2 (2022): 1 Januari - 30 Juni 2022 (In Press)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI YOGYAKARTA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31316/jk.v6i1.2108

Abstract

AbstrakIndonesia telah melakukan transformasi teknologi militer, persenjataan, organisasi dan doktrin militer dalam menghadapi perubahan lingkungan internal dan eksternal. Apakah transformasi militer tersebut sesuai dengan konsep Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA)? Tulisan ini menganalisa komponen RMA Indonesia manakah yang paling penting berhasil dilakukan sejak 2004 hingga 2021? Pada periode kapan RMA paling baik telah terjadi? Tulisan ini berdasarkan penelitian metode campuran (mix method). Metodologi kuantitatif berdasarkan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) serta metode kualitatif berdasarkan Strength-Weakness-Opportunity-Threat (SWOT) melalui pertimbangan aspek Politik, Ekonomi, Sosial, Teknologi, Lingkungan/Environment, Hukum/Legal/Law (PESTLE). Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner terhadap 9 responden ahli RMA, interview serta analisa literature. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan komando, kontrol, computer dan integrasi sistem (C4) merupakan komponen RMA yang paling penting di Indonesia sejak 2004 hingga 2021. Pelaksanaan RMA terbaik yaitu pada 2009 hingga 2014. Analisa SWOT menunjukkan militer Indonesia masih belum optimal menangani perubahan ancaman dari dalam maupun luar sehingga perlu melakukan strategi diversifikasi.Kata kunci: Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA), Indonesia, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Politics, Economy, Social, Technology, Law, Environment (PESTLE) dan Strength-Weakness-Opportunity-Threat (SWOT)  AbstractIndonesia has transformed its military technology, weapons, organization, and military doctrine corresponding to its environments. However, is the transformation in line with the Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) concept? This paper evaluates components undertaken of Indonesian RMA from 2004 to 2021, also examines when Indonesia performed the best RMA. The study utilized the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) as a quantitative methodology; and the Politic, Economy, Social, Technology, Environment, Law, and (PESTLE) and Strength-Weakness-Opportunity- Threat (SWOT) for the quantitative side.  The paper uses nine expert questionnaires, interviews, and literature reviews for data collection. The result shows that command, control, computers, and system integration are the most significant RMA components from 2004 to 2021. The best RMA takes place from 2009 to 2014. The SWOT analysis indicates that the Indonesian military is still not optimal in anticipating changes from within and outside; thus, it is imperative to carry out a diversification strategy.Keywords: Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA), Indonesia, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Politics, Economy, Social, Technology, Law, Environment (PESTLE), and Strength-Weakness-Opportunity-Threats (SWOT).
Classifying Armed Non-State Actors in National Security Governance: A PRISMA-Based Systematic Literature Review of Competing Classification Frameworks Muhamad Idris; M. Adnan Madjid; Agus Sudarya; Irdam Ahmad; Muhamad Bachtiar
IURIS NOTITIA : JURNAL ILMU HUKUM Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Oktober 2026
Publisher : Ninety Media Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69916/iuris.v4i2.612

Abstract

This study systematically examines how armed non-state actors (ANSAs) are classified within national security governance and what legal and policy consequences follow from competing classification frameworks. A Systematic Literature Review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 protocol, using the Scopus database and a three-block Boolean search that combined actor terms, classification terms, and governance terms. Eligibility was restricted to English-language, peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2010 and 2026 that explicitly analyze armed non-state actors in relation to at least one of five dimensions: governance practices, institutionalization, criminalpolitical hybridization, securitization, or state capacity. Of 451 records identified, 85 were retained for retrieval, 74 were assessed in full text, and 63 articles were included in a theory-informed narrative synthesis. The findings reveal no dominant or unified classification model. The literature is instead distributed across five competing frameworks: governance-oriented or quasi-state actor approaches (28.6%), terrorism-based approaches (23.8%), criminal or hybrid criminal models (19.0%), non-international armed conflict or IHL-based perspectives (15.9%), and state-capacity or limited-statehood frameworks (12.7%). These frameworks differ not in the empirical behavior they observe but in their classificatory criteria, normative foundations, applicable legal regimes, and institutional consequences: governanceoriented studies privilege de facto authority and institutionalization; terrorism and criminal frameworks privilege threat prevention and prosecutorial mechanisms; IHL-based approaches privilege the organization threshold and the legality of force; and state-capacity models treat classification as relationally conditioned by areas of limited statehood. On this basis, the study proposes a multidimensional governance-sensitive framework structured along four analytical dimensions, namely organizational institutionalization, exercised governance capacity, the nature of the articulated political claim, and state capacity as a contextual moderator. Read jointly rather than sequentially, these dimensions generate a classificatory profile rather than a single label, allowing legal qualification and institutional response to be derived from observable attributes instead of from the disciplinary entry point of the analyst.
Co-Authors Agus Sudarya Asep Darmawan I Wayan Midhio Irdam Ahmad M. Adnan Madjid Muhamad Bachtiar Peni Hanggarini Taufik Bagus Murdianto Yusgiantoro, Purnomo