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All Journal Reaktor Proceedings of Annual International Conference Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Elkawnie Jurnal Litbang Industri Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Jurnal Serambi Engineering Journal of Applied Engineering and Technological Science (JAETS) Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Jurnal Litbang Industri Rona Teknik Pertanian
Muhammad Faisal
Chemical Engineering Departement, Universitas Syiah Kuala
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Other

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Journal : Elkawnie

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Spatial Distribution of Groundwater Salinity In The Coastal Area of Aceh Besar District Muhammad Kalbadri; Ichwana Ramli; Muhammad Faisal
Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology Vol 8, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v8i2.11719

Abstract

Abstract: Utilization of groundwater sources is still an alternative for people living in the coastal areas of Aceh Besar District. If the use of groundwater is carried out continuously, it will have a negative impact on the quality and quantity of groundwater. So the purpose of this study was to determine the distribution of groundwater salinity in the coastal areas of Aceh Besar District. The sample points were determined based on the random sampling method in grids. Sample testing for groundwater salinity was carried out directly in the field according to the planned location. The data obtained was inputted into Microsoft excel and mapping of groundwater salinity distribution using the Inverse Distance Weight (IDW) method with Argis software. A correlation test was performed with Pearson Product Moment.  Based on the measurement results, 20 sample points of high salinity were measured. The distribution of salinity values also has a relationship with coastal distance, where the distribution of salinity in general, the farther the groundwater is from the coast, the lower the salinity value, and the closer the groundwater to the coast, the higher the salinity.Abstrak: Pemanfaatan sumber air tanah masih menjadi alternatif bagi masyarakat yang tinggal di wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Jika pemanfaatan air tanah dilakukan secara terus-menerus akan berdampak negatif secara kualitas dan kuantitas air tanah. Sehingga tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sebaran salinitas  air tanah di wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Titik sampel ditentukan berdasarkan metode random sampling in grids. Pengujian sampel untuk salinitas air tanah dilakukan langsung di lapangan sesuai dengan lokasi yang telah direncanakan. Data yang diperoleh diinput ke dalam Microsoft excel dan pemetaan distribusi salinitas air tanah menggunakan metode Inverse Distance Weight (IDW) dengan perangkat lunak Argis. Uji korelasi dilakukan dengan Pearson Product Moment. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran, nilai salinitas yang tinggi terukur sebanyak 20 titik sampel. Nilai salinitas tinggi pada umumnya dipengaruhi oleh intrusi air asin terhadap air tawar. Faktor sebaran salinitas air tanah terjadi akibat intrusi, penggunaan lahan yang dekat dengan tambak dan muara sungai, faktor sebaran salinitas juga dipengaruhi oleh kepadatan penduduk. Sebaran nilai salinitas juga memiliki hubungan dengan jarak pantai, dimana sebaran salinitas secara umum, semakin jauh air tanah dengan jarak pantai maka nilai salinitasnya semakin rendah, dan semakin dekat air tanah dengan jarak pantai maka salinitasnya semakin tinggi.
Characteristics of Liquid Smoke From Young Coconut Shells at Various Pyrolysis Temperature Ressa Fitra Adinda; Muhammad Faisal; Fauzi Muhammad Djuned
Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology Vol 9, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v9i1.14225

Abstract

Abstract: Young coconut shells contain wood components, such as hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. These compounds can be used as raw materials for liquid smoke. The physical and biological characteristics of liquid smoke from young coconut shells pyrolysed at various temperatures were investigated in this study. Specifically, young coconut shells were pyrolysed at 300°C–420°C in a slow pyrolysis reactor. To eliminate tar, the liquid smoke was distilled at 190°C. Further, the chemical content of the liquid smoke was quantified using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Acetic acid and phenol compounds were identified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultraviolet-vis spectrophotometry. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) data revealed that liquid smoke contains over 15 chemical components, including phenolic acid, carboxylic acid and its derivatives. Antibacterial, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum killing concentration (MKC) tests were performed to analyse the antimicrobial properties of liquid smoke in inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica sv Typhimurium. The pyrolysis temperatures affected the composition of the produced liquid smoke. The highest phenol and acetic acid content were found at 340°C and 380°C, where lignin is degraded into phenolic compounds and cellulose is degraded to produce acetic acid. The results of the antibacterial test showed that the maximum inhibition zone was obtained at 420°C, and at 340°C and 380°C the bacteria were inhibited and died.Abstrak: Tempurung kelapa muda mengandung komponen kayu seperti hemiselulosa, selulosa, dan lignin. Senyawa ini dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku asap cair. Karakteristik fisik dan biologis asap cair dari tempurung kelapa muda yang dipirolisis pada berbagai suhu diselidiki dalam penelitian ini. Tempurung kelapa muda dipirolisis pada suhu 300 °C - 420 °C dalam reaktor pirolisis lambat. Untuk menghilangkan tar asap cair didistilasi pada suhu 190 °C. Selanjutnya, kandungan senyawa kimia asap cair dikuantifikasi menggunakan gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Senyawa asam asetat dan fenol diidentifikasi menggunakan high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) dan Spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Data gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) menunjukkan bahwa asap cair mengandung lebih dari 15 komponen kimia, termasuk asam fenolik, asam karboksilat dan turunannya. Uji antibakteri, Minimum Inhibitory Concentrantion (MIC) dan Minimum Killing Concentrantion (MKC) dilakukan untuk menganalisis sifat antimikroba asap cair dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Escherichia coli dan Salmonella enterica sv Typhimurium. Temperatur pirolisis mempengaruhi komposisi asap cair yang dihasilkan. Kandungan fenol dan asam asetat tertinggi ditemukan pada suhu 340°C dan 380°C, dimana pada suhu tersebut lignin terdegradasi menjadi senyawa fenol dan selulosa terdegradasi menghasilkan asam asetat. Hasil uji antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa zona hambat maksimum diperoleh pada suhu 420 °C, pada suhu 340 °C dan 380 °C bakteri ditemukan terhambat dan mati.
Adsorption of Cadmium Metal Ions by a Physically-Chemically Activated Adsorbent From Candlenut (Aleurites Moluccana) Shells Endy Setiawan; Muhammad Faisal; Mariana Mariana
Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology Vol 9, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v9i2.16956

Abstract

Abstract: Cadmium (Cd) is a pollutant that is highly toxic, dangerous to blood vessels, and bioaccumulative in water. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the kinetics and isotherms of cadmium ion adsorption using candlenut shell activated carbon. Adsorbents were prepared by chemically activating with 0.5M HCl, physically activating via pyrolysis at 700°C, and a combination of both methods. Adsorptions were conducted using Cd solutions with initial concentrations of 100-300 mg/L, at 100 rpm stirring, and contact times of 5-50 minutes. The chemical functional properties and surface morphology of the adsorbents were studied using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The characterization revealed that the adsorbent prepared by the physical-chemical activation method was the best and was used to test its performance in adsorbing Cd(II) solutions. The results showed that adsorption capacity increased with contact time and reached equilibrium at 50 minutes with a qm value of 12.6 mg/g. The adsorption process followed the Langmuir isotherm model with a constant of 0.14 and R2 value of 0.986, while the kinetic model was pseudo-second order with R2=0.999. The results demonstrated that candlenut shells are effective as adsorbent media for treating Cd(II) waste.Abstrak: Kadmium Cd(II) merupakan salah satu bahan pencemar yang sangat beracun, berbahaya bagi tubuh dan mengalami biokumulasi dalam perairan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kinetik dan isoterm penyerapan logam kadmium menggunakan arang aktif dari cangkang kulit kemiri. Adsorben cangkang kemiri dipreparasi dengan tiga variasi perlakuan aktivasi yaitu aktivasi kimia dengan larutan HCl 0,5M, aktivasi fisika melalui pirolisis pada suhu 700°C, dan kombinasi kimia dan fisika. Adsorpsi dilakukan dengan menggunakan larutan Cd dengan konsentrasi awal 100-300 mg/L, pengadukan 100 rpm dan waktu kontak 5-50 menit. Adsorben dikarakterisasi menggunakan  Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) untuk mempelajari kandungan fungsional kimianya, dan menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) untuk mengobservasi morfologi permukaan. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa adsorben dengan aktivasi kimia fisika menunjukkan karakteristik terbaik dan dipakai sebagai representatif dalam pengujian performa adsorpsi larutan Cd(II). Performa kerja adsorben ditinjau dari segi kapasitas adsorpsi terhadap waktu kontak dan konsentrasi awal larutan Cd(II). Selain itu, studi isotherm dan kinetika adsorpsi juga dilakukan untuk mempelajari mekanisme adsorpsi yang terjadi. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas adsorpsi meningkat seiring bertambahnya waktu kontak, dan kesetimbangan dicapai pada 50 menit dengan nilai qm sebesar 12,6 mg/g. Proses adsorpsi Cd(II) menggunakan adsorben cangkang kemiri teraktivasi kimia fisika mengikuti model isotherm Langmuir  model dengan nilai konstanta 0,14 dan dan R2 = 0,986.  Model kinetika adsorpsi ini adalah orde dua semu dengan R2=0,999. Hasil yang diperoleh membuktikan bahwa cangkang kemiri sangat efektif untuk dijadikan media adsorben untuk pengolahan limbah Cd(II).
Characteristics of Liquid Waste-Derived Organic Fertilizer Enriched With Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Ash Through Anaerobic Fermentation Mariska, Rafi; Faisal, Muhammad; Rosnelly, Cut Meurah; Mirda, Erisna
Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology Vol 10, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v10i2.18444

Abstract

Abstract: Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is an organic waste with high levels of BOD, N, P, K, and Mg. Its presence in rivers and soil has led to pollution and negative impacts on the environment. One potential solution to this issue is transforming POME into a valuable liquid organic fertilizer (LOF). This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of LOF derived from POME-derived LOF enriched with oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) ash through anaerobic fermentation. A 3.5 L of POME and molasses (5% v/v) were introduced into the anaerobic reactor. OPEFB ash was then added at concentrations of 0.35%, 0.46%, and 0.57% w/v. Fermentation was conducted for 5, 8, and 11 days, and Effective Microorganisms (EM4) with concentrations of 1% and 2% v/v were employed to accelerate LOF formation. The evaluation of LOF involved testing its physical characteristics (color, smell, gas, foam, temperature, and EC), fertilizer chemistry (pH, C-organic, Nitrogen, P2O5, and K2O), and biological aspects (contaminant bacteria E. coli). The results of the physical observations indicated that all LOF variations had fully fermented after 11 days, characterized by the presence of an alcohol-like odor, brownish color, absence of foam, and gas bubbles. Chemical tests revealed that LOF B2 and LOF A1, fermented for 8 days, exhibited the highest levels of N, P, and K, which were 0.08%, 0.05%, 1.26% for LOF B2, and 0.085%, 0.023%, 1.24% for LOF A1, respectively. Furthermore, the test result for E. coli in the LOF B2 and LOF A1 samples after 8 days of fermentation indicated that the E. coli level was below 3 MPN per mL. This confirms that the obtained LOF meets the minimum technical requirements specified in the Minister of Agriculture Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia. Therefore, the LOF is suitable for industrial-scale production and application in the agricultural sector.Abstrak: Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit (POME) merupakan limbah organik dengan kadar BOD, N, P, K, dan Mg yang tinggi. Kehadirannya di sungai dan tanah telah menyebabkan pencemaran dan memberikan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, salah satu solusi potensial adalah mengubah POME menjadi pupuk organik cair (POC) yang bernilai tambah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi karakteristik POC dari POME setelah penambahan abu Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) dengan metode fermentasi anaerob. Sebanyak 3,5 L POME dan tetes tebu (5% v/v) dimasukkan ke dalam reaktor anaerobik. Kemudian ditambahkan abu TKKS dengan konsentrasi 0,35%; 0,46%; dan 0,57% b/v. Fermentasi dilakukan selama 5, 8, dan 11 hari, dan Effective Microorganism (EM4) dengan konsentrasi 1% dan 2% v/v digunakan untuk mempercepat pembentukan POC. Evaluasi POC meliputi pengujian sifat fisik (warna, bau, gas, buih, suhu, dan EC), kimia pupuk (pH, C-organik, Nitrogen, P2O5, dan K2O), dan aspek biologi (bakteri pencemar E. coli). Hasil pengamatan fisik menunjukkan bahwa semua variasi POC telah terfermentasi sempurna setelah 11 hari, ditandai dengan adanya bau alkohol, warna kecoklatan, tidak adanya buih dan gelembung gas. Uji kimia menunjukkan bahwa POC B2 dan POC A1 yang difermentasi selama 8 hari menunjukkan kadar N, P, dan K tertinggi berturut-turut, yaitu 0,08%; 0,05%; 1,26% untuk POC B2; dan 0,085%; 0,023%; 1,24% untuk POC A1. Selanjutnya, hasil pengujian E. coli pada sampel POC B2 dan POC A1 dengan lama fermentasi 8 hari menunjukkan bahwa kadar E. coli di bawah 3 MPN per mL sehingga POC yang diperoleh telah memenuhi persyaratan teknis minimum (PTM) berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Pertanian No. 261 Tahun 2019.
Co-Authors Agustami Sitorus Ana Dewita Asri Gani Asri Gani Cut Meurah Rosnelly Cut Meurah Rosnelly Deddi Midwar Dimas Anugerah Ilahi Edi Munawar Endy Setiawan Erdiwansyah Erdiwansyah FARID MULANA Fauzi Muhammad Djuned Handriani Handriani Helmi Helmi Hera Desvita HIROYUKI DAIMON Hiroyuki Daimon Hiroyuki Daimon Hiroyuki Daimon Ichwana Ramli Ichwana Ramli Ida Hasmita Irvan Irvan Izarul Machdar Izarul Machdar Izarul Machdar Khairul Anwar Koichi Fujie Koichi Fujie Koichi Fujie M. Hanafiah Machdar, Izarul Mahidin Mahidin Mahidin Mahidin Mariana Mariana Mariska, Rafi Mirda, Erisna Muhammad Kalbadri Muhammad Nizar Muhammad Reza Muhammad Rozan Arkan D Muhammad, Syaifullah Ohashi, Akiyoshi Onodera, Takashi POCUT N. ALAM Ressa Fitra Adinda Ressa Fitra Adinda Siswanda Siswanda Sofyan Sofyan Suraiya Kamaruzzaman Syaifullah Muhammad Syutsubo, Kazuaki Taufik Hidayat Yoichi Atsuta Zaki Akhyar