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(The Effect of Acetate Anhhhydrida Ratio in the Process of Cellulose Acetylation of Pulp from Sengon (Paraserianthe falcataria) on the Production of Cellulose Triacetate Polymer) Meurah Rosnelly, Cut; Aziz Darwis, Abdul; Noor, Erliza; -, Kaseno
Warta Industri Hasil Pertanian Vol 27, No 01 (2010)
Publisher : Balai Besar Industri Agro

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Almost all of Cellulose acetate is produced by reaction of cellulose and acetic anhydride using strong acids as catalyst and acetic acid as a solvent. A typical industrial process requires very high quality cellulose raw materials having a high a-cellulose content. The cellulose used as a raw material in this research is wood pulp of sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) due to fast growing species and has potential used as a raw material as if has a high cellulose content. The main objective of this research was to obtain condition for making cellulose triacetate by applying applying ratio levels of acetic anhydride toward cellulose in acetylation process. Cellulose triacetate flake was produced by activation and acetylation process. Activation was carried out by mixing cellulose of sengon pulp with glacial acetic in proportionÂ 1:8 at 50oC about 15; 30; 60; 90, and 120 minutes. Acetylation is then conducted using reagents in following proportions relative to the pulp mass; variable of acetic anhydride ratio (3.35:1), (4:1), (5:1), and (6:1), acetic acid as solvent (4.5 : 1), sulfuric acid (0.015 : 1) as catalyst while controlling the reaction temperature at 50oC for 60 minutes. The result showed anhydride toward cellulose 3.35 in acetylation process.

(The Effect of Acetate Anhhhydrida Ratio in the Process of Cellulose Acetylation of Pulp from Sengon (Paraserianthe falcataria) on the Production of Cellulose Triacetate Polymer) Meurah Rosnelly, Cut; Aziz Darwis, Abdul; Noor, Erliza; -, Kaseno
Warta Industri Hasil Pertanian Vol 27, No 01 (2010)
Publisher : Balai Besar Industri Agro

Almost all of Cellulose acetate is produced by reaction of cellulose and acetic anhydride using strong acids as catalyst and acetic acid as a solvent. A typical industrial process requires very high quality cellulose raw materials having a high a-cellulose content. The cellulose used as a raw material in this research is wood pulp of sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) due to fast growing species and has potential used as a raw material as if has a high cellulose content. The main objective of this research was to obtain condition for making cellulose triacetate by applying applying ratio levels of acetic anhydride toward cellulose in acetylation process. Cellulose triacetate flake was produced by activation and acetylation process. Activation was carried out by mixing cellulose of sengon pulp with glacial acetic in proportionÂ 1:8 at 50oC about 15; 30; 60; 90, and 120 minutes. Acetylation is then conducted using reagents in following proportions relative to the pulp mass; variable of acetic anhydride ratio (3.35:1), (4:1), (5:1), and (6:1), acetic acid as solvent (4.5 : 1), sulfuric acid (0.015 : 1) as catalyst while controlling the reaction temperature at 50oC for 60 minutes. The result showed anhydride toward cellulose 3.35 in acetylation process.

ADSORPSI ION LOGAM Cr (VI) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN KARBON AKTIF DARI TEMPURUNG KEMIRI (ALEURITES MOLUCCANA) M. Nasruddin; Cut Meurah Rosnelly; Farid Mulana
Jurnal Ilmu Kebencanaan : Program Pascasarjana Unsyiah Vol 4, No 4: November 2017
Publisher : Jurnal Ilmu Kebencanaan : Program Pascasarjana Unsyiah

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The purpose of the study was to find out the characteristics and morphology of adsorbent material from candlenut shell to absorbing Cr(VI) metal ion, the effect of stirring time, initial concentration and solution pH adsorbat on efficiency and capacity of absorption, reaction kinetics, and isotherm adsorption. The fixed variables are adsorbent mass, adsorbate solution volume and stirrer speed. While the variable that changes consists of the concentration of adsorbate solution, stirring time, and pH. Making activated carbon using NaOH activator with a ratio = 3: 1 and pyrolysis process at a temperature of 700oC for 1 hour. From the results of the adsorption equilibrium research achieved in 150 minutes, 25% absorption efficiency (100 mg/L), adsorption capacity of 3.6 mg/g (200 mg/L). The optimum absorption efficiency occurs in an acidic atmosphere with pH 2-4. Adsorption kinetics followed a second order kinetics model with R2 = 0.999, kenetic constant value (K2) of 8.329 min-1 and adsorption capacity value at equilibrium (qe) of 3.5714 mg/g. Adsorption isotherms follow Langmuir and Freundlich Isotherms because they have a large R2 value. SEM analysis shows that there are many pores on the surface of the activated carbon after the chemical activation process with sodium hydroxide.

Sintesis, Karakterisasi dan Kinerja Membran Hidrofobik Menggunakan Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) sebagai Aditif Umi Fathanah; Mirna Rahmah Lubis; Zuhra Mahyuddin; Syawaliah Muchtar; Mukramah Yusuf; Cut Meurah Rosnelly; Sri Mulyati; Rina Hazliani; Devi Rahmanda; Suraiya Kamaruzzaman; Meuthia Busthan
ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia Vol 17, No 2 (2021): September
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET (UNS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/alchemy.17.2.48435.140-150

Artikel ini melaporkan tentang sintesis, karakterisasi dan kinerja membran polyethersulfone (PES) yang dimodifikasi dengan aditif polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan kinerja dan sifat antifouling membran. Membran PES modifikasi dibuat dengan penambahan 0,5% PVP sebagai aditif, menggunakan pelarut dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) dan n-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP). Pengaruh penambahan aditif dalam sistem membran dievaluasi dengan menganalisa perubahan struktur kimia menggunakan fourier transform infrared (FTIR), perubahan morfologi permukaan menggunakan scanning electron microscopy (SEM), uji kuat tarik menggunakan tensile strength meter, uji porositas membran dengan menggunakan metode gravimetri, serta pengujian kinerja filtrasi, dan sifat antifouling. Hasil analisa struktur membran dengan SEM menunjukkan adanya pengaruh jenis pelarut dan penambahan aditif terhadap perubahan morfologi membran. Selain itu modifikasi membran juga meningkatkan porositas, kinerja fluks permeasi serta sifat antifouling membran. Hasil uji filtrasi membran menunjukkan perolehan permeabilitas air pada membran D-0,5 dan N-0,5 masing masing sebesar 47,5 L/m2.jam.atm dan 41,5 L/m2.jam.atm dengan sifat antifouling membran modifikasi lebih besar dibandingkan dengan membran tanpa modifikasi. Synthesis, Characterization, and Performance of Hydrophobic Membranes Using Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) as Additives. This paper discusses the synthesis, characterization and performance of polyethersulfone (PES) membranes modified with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) additives in order to improve the performance and antifouling properties of membranes. The modified PES membrane was prepared by adding 0.5% PVP as an additive, using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and n-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) as solvents. The effect of adding additives to the membrane system was evaluated by analyzing changes in chemical structure using fourier transform infrared (FTIR), changes in surface morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), tensile strength test using tensile strength meter, membrane porosity test using the gravimetric method, as well as testing the filtration performance and antifoulingproperties. The results of membrane structure analysis by SEM showed the influence of the type of solvent and additives on changes in membrane morphology. In addition, membrane modification also increases porosity, permeation flux performance, and membrane antifouling properties. The results of the membrane filtration test showed that the water permeability of D-0.5 and N-0.5 membranes was 47.5 L/m2.h.atm and 41.5 L/m2.h.atm, respectively, with modified membrane antifouling properties larger than the membrane without modification.

Kombinasi proses perebusan dan pengeringan bahan baku pada ekstraksi minyak alpukat menggunakan screw press Alfina Suci Cahyani; Nadia Putri Mauliza; Cut Meurah Rosnelly; Muhammad Dani Supardan
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 12, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Screw press merupakan salah satu alat yang dapat digunakan untuk memisahkan minyak dari daging buah dengan cara mendorong dan menekan bahan baku sehingga terjadi pengekstrakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari kinerja kombinasi proses perebusan dan pengeringan bahan baku daging buah alpukat pada ekstraksi minyak alpukat menggunakan screw press. Proses perebusan bahan bertujuan untuk menghilangkan getah pada buah alpukat dengan cara mengikat fosfor yang terkandung dalam getah menggunakan air atau larutan CaCO3. Pengeringan adalah proses mengeluarkan sebagian air dari suatu bahan dengan cara menguapkan air tersebut dengan menggunakan energi panas. Variabel penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode proses perebusan bahan baku (menggunakan air, CaCO3, dan kontrol) dan metode pengeringan bahan baku (menggunakan microwave, oven, dan sinar matahari). Kombinasi proses perebusan menggunakan air dan pengeringan bahan menggunakan microwave menghasilkan yield minyak alpukat tertinggi yaitu 48,98% b/b. Sementara itu yield terendah dihasilkan pada perlakuan kontrol (tanpa perebusan) dengan pengeringan menggunakan sinar matahari yaitu 37,92% b/b. Karakteristik minyal alpukat yang dihasilkan hampir sama dengan minyak alpukat komersial dan telah memenuhi memenuhi syarat mutu minyak goreng sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) No. 3741:2013.

Kombinasi proses perebusan dan pengeringan bahan baku pada ekstraksi minyak alpukat menggunakan screw press Alfina Suci Cahyani; Nadia Putri Mauliza; Cut Meurah Rosnelly; Muhammad Dani Supardan
Jurnal Litbang Industri Vol 12, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institution for Industrial Research and Standardization of Industry - Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24960/jli.v12i1.7272.1-6

Screw press merupakan salah satu alat yang dapat digunakan untuk memisahkan minyak dari daging buah dengan cara mendorong dan menekan bahan baku sehingga terjadi pengekstrakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari kinerja kombinasi proses perebusan dan pengeringan bahan baku daging buah alpukat pada ekstraksi minyak alpukat menggunakan screw press. Proses perebusan bahan bertujuan untuk menghilangkan getah pada buah alpukat dengan cara mengikat fosfor yang terkandung dalam getah menggunakan air atau larutan CaCO3. Pengeringan adalah proses mengeluarkan sebagian air dari suatu bahan dengan cara menguapkan air tersebut dengan menggunakan energi panas. Variabel penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode proses perebusan bahan baku (menggunakan air, CaCO3, dan kontrol) dan metode pengeringan bahan baku (menggunakan microwave, oven, dan sinar matahari). Kombinasi proses perebusan menggunakan air dan pengeringan bahan menggunakan microwave menghasilkan yield minyak alpukat tertinggi yaitu 48,98% b/b. Sementara itu yield terendah dihasilkan pada perlakuan kontrol (tanpa perebusan) dengan pengeringan menggunakan sinar matahari yaitu 37,92% b/b. Karakteristik minyal alpukat yang dihasilkan hampir sama dengan minyak alpukat komersial dan telah memenuhi memenuhi syarat mutu minyak goreng sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) No. 3741:2013.

Pembuatan Plastik Biodegradable dari Limbah Kulit Pisang Raja Dengan Gliserol dan Minyak Sereh Aulia Rahmad Lubis; Muhammad Irsyad Mahadi Lubis; Cut Meurah Rosnelly
Jurnal Inovasi Ramah Lingkungan Vol 1, No 3 (2020): JURNAL INOVASI RAMAH LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

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The use of plastic as a packaging is increasing, cause the stacking of plastic waste. It has an impact on environmental pollution, because plastic waste is a difficult waste to be decomposed by microorganism. Various attempts have been done to solve the problem of plastic waste, either is to make environmentally friendly plastic (bioplastic). Bioplastic is a plastic can be degraded by microorganism from source of plant compounds, such as cellulose and lignin. Banana peel can be used as raw material in the manufacture of bioplastic, because it has high content. Manufacture of environmentally friendly bioplastic packaging is done by the casting method. The problem is the mechanical properties of bioplastic is not similar to conventional plastic. Thus, various studies with variation of glycerol plasticizer concentration 20, 30 and 40% and with addition of antimicrobial lemongrass oil with concentration 10, 20 and 30%. The best result were obtained at 20% glycerol concentration with a tensile strength value of 0,415 kgf/mm 2 , and for the best elongation percentage in glycerol concentration and 40-10% lemongrass oil of 58,3% and water absorption also found in glycerol and concentration lemongrass oil 40-10% of 244%. For biodegradation test, the highest concentration of lemongrass oil was 30% with a degradation period of 22 days. In functional group testing with FT-IR showed a bioplastic sample added with lemongrass oil contained eight functional group and without lemongrass oil having five functional group, which the only difference in the range 2113,98 with the C=C alkuna group and in the range 1645,28 with the alkena group C=C.

Characteristics of Liquid Waste-Derived Organic Fertilizer Enriched With Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Ash Through Anaerobic Fermentation Mariska, Rafi; Faisal, Muhammad; Rosnelly, Cut Meurah; Mirda, Erisna
Elkawnie: Journal of Islamic Science and Technology Vol 10, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ekw.v10i2.18444

Abstract: Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is an organic waste with high levels of BOD, N, P, K, and Mg. Its presence in rivers and soil has led to pollution and negative impacts on the environment. One potential solution to this issue is transforming POME into a valuable liquid organic fertilizer (LOF). This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of LOF derived from POME-derived LOF enriched with oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) ash through anaerobic fermentation. A 3.5 L of POME and molasses (5% v/v) were introduced into the anaerobic reactor. OPEFB ash was then added at concentrations of 0.35%, 0.46%, and 0.57% w/v. Fermentation was conducted for 5, 8, and 11 days, and Effective Microorganisms (EM4) with concentrations of 1% and 2% v/v were employed to accelerate LOF formation. The evaluation of LOF involved testing its physical characteristics (color, smell, gas, foam, temperature, and EC), fertilizer chemistry (pH, C-organic, Nitrogen, P2O5, and K2O), and biological aspects (contaminant bacteria E. coli). The results of the physical observations indicated that all LOF variations had fully fermented after 11 days, characterized by the presence of an alcohol-like odor, brownish color, absence of foam, and gas bubbles. Chemical tests revealed that LOF B2 and LOF A1, fermented for 8 days, exhibited the highest levels of N, P, and K, which were 0.08%, 0.05%, 1.26% for LOF B2, and 0.085%, 0.023%, 1.24% for LOF A1, respectively. Furthermore, the test result for E. coli in the LOF B2 and LOF A1 samples after 8 days of fermentation indicated that the E. coli level was below 3 MPN per mL. This confirms that the obtained LOF meets the minimum technical requirements specified in the Minister of Agriculture Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia. Therefore, the LOF is suitable for industrial-scale production and application in the agricultural sector.Abstrak: Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit (POME) merupakan limbah organik dengan kadar BOD, N, P, K, dan Mg yang tinggi. Kehadirannya di sungai dan tanah telah menyebabkan pencemaran dan memberikan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, salah satu solusi potensial adalah mengubah POME menjadi pupuk organik cair (POC) yang bernilai tambah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi karakteristik POC dari POME setelah penambahan abu Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) dengan metode fermentasi anaerob. Sebanyak 3,5 L POME dan tetes tebu (5% v/v) dimasukkan ke dalam reaktor anaerobik. Kemudian ditambahkan abu TKKS dengan konsentrasi 0,35%; 0,46%; dan 0,57% b/v. Fermentasi dilakukan selama 5, 8, dan 11 hari, dan Effective Microorganism (EM4) dengan konsentrasi 1% dan 2% v/v digunakan untuk mempercepat pembentukan POC. Evaluasi POC meliputi pengujian sifat fisik (warna, bau, gas, buih, suhu, dan EC), kimia pupuk (pH, C-organik, Nitrogen, P2O5, dan K2O), dan aspek biologi (bakteri pencemar E. coli). Hasil pengamatan fisik menunjukkan bahwa semua variasi POC telah terfermentasi sempurna setelah 11 hari, ditandai dengan adanya bau alkohol, warna kecoklatan, tidak adanya buih dan gelembung gas. Uji kimia menunjukkan bahwa POC B2 dan POC A1 yang difermentasi selama 8 hari menunjukkan kadar N, P, dan K tertinggi berturut-turut, yaitu 0,08%; 0,05%; 1,26% untuk POC B2; dan 0,085%; 0,023%; 1,24% untuk POC A1. Selanjutnya, hasil pengujian E. coli pada sampel POC B2 dan POC A1 dengan lama fermentasi 8 hari menunjukkan bahwa kadar E. coli di bawah 3 MPN per mL sehingga POC yang diperoleh telah memenuhi persyaratan teknis minimum (PTM) berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Pertanian No. 261 Tahun 2019.

Effect of Solid to Solvent Ratio and Extraction Time on Yield, Phytochemical Content and Physicochemical of Amla (Phyllanthus emblica) Seed Oil Extracted using Hexane Mauliza, Nadia Putri; Suriaini, Nanda; Rosnelly, Cut Meurah; Satriana, Satriana; Supardan, Muhammad Dani
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 17, No 2 (2022): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (December, 2022)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v17i2.26915

Amla (Phyllanthus emblica) seeds have only been disposed of as waste and have not been utilized optimally. Utilizing the seeds to produce oil has been regarded as a promising approach for reducing solid wastes and producing value-added products. This study evaluated the effect of solid to solvent ratio and extraction time on yield, phytochemical content and physicochemical of oil extracted from amla seed using hexane as a solvent. The amla seed oil was extracted through the solid-liquid process at different solid to solvent ratios (1:20, 1:25 and 1:30 g/mL) and extraction times (30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes). The highest yield found was 10.97% at a solid to solvent ratio of 1:30 (g/mL) and an extraction time of 120 minutes. The highest concentrations of phenolic compounds and flavonoids were 66.12 mg GAE/g and 95.70 mg QE/g respectively, obtained at a solid to solvent ratio of 1:25 (g/mL) and extraction time of 120 minutes. Physicochemical analysis (pH, density, acid number, free fatty acid, and peroxide number) showed that the quality of extracted oil was better than what the previous study reported. In the amla seed oil, the content of unsaturated fatty acids was higher than saturated fatty acids with linoleate as the main component. These results clarified that solid-liquid extraction method can be used for extracting amla seed oil and also indicated that amla seed oil can be used as an ingredient in health-related industry products.

Removal of Fe (II) ions from Aqueous solution using Rice-husk Adsorbents in fixed-bed column Rosnelly, Cut Meurah; Meiriza, Lia Meiriza -; Husin, Husni -; Zaki, Muhammad -; E, Muhammad Aqilussalim; Maliki, Syariful -; Aflah, Nurul -; El-Bahy, Zeinhom M
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 16, No 2 (2021): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (December, 2021)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v16i2.22274

Rice husk has been converted into activated carbon for the adsorbent to remove the heavy metal from the aqueous solution. This study aimed to convert rice husk to activated carbon (AC) for use in the adsorption of Fe ions in a fixed-bed column. Rice husk was first pyrolyzed in an atmosphere of nitrogen gas at 400 oC, then a chemical activation method using sodium hydroxide. The rice husk activated carbon (RH-AC) was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) to identify the functional group and microstructure of carbon. The performance of the carbon was tested on the Fe removal from an aqueous solution in a continuous column. The adsorption process was carried out using Fe solution with an initial concentration of 3 mg/L as an artificial sample. The amount of carbon is 25, and 50 g were filled in an adsorber column with a diameter of 5.4 cm and height of 40 cm. SEM images revealed that the activated carbons shown with well-developed pore sizes and pore structure were produced after the chemical activation. The FTIR absorption bands observed in the RH-AC sample confirmed the presence of hydroxyl (-OH), carbonyl, and carboxylic (-COOH) groups of RH-AC adsorbent. The highest Fe removal efficiencies were 91.9% on chemically activated carbon and column mass 50 g at 400 minutes. The overall study revealed the potential value of chemically activated RH-AC as a possible commercial adsorbent in a continuous column wastewater treatment strategy.

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