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STUDY OF MANGROVE VEGETATION COMMUNITY AT BUNAKEN NATIONAL PARK AREA, TELING VILLAGE Febiola Gabriela Tular; Helen J Lawalata; Marthy L. S. Taulu
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 3 No. 3 (2022): December 2022
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Mangrove vegetation generally grows to form a zoning starting from a beach to a view of meters inland. Mangrove zoning consists of Avicennia plant species that face directly toward the sea and behind or on the edge of the Avicennia plant. There is the Riophora plant. Towards the mainland, there are Bruguiera plants and, finally, the Ceriops plant which grows and interacts with small bushes. Each type of Mangrove plant has a level; the first is the seedling level, the second is the sapling level, the third is the pole level, and the fourth is the tree level. This study aims to analyze the Mangrove Vegetation Community in Bunaken Nation Park, Teling Village, using a descriptive survey method and constructing three transects, which are transected measuring 10×10 m2, 5×5 m2, and 2×2 m2. The result on each transect shows that in Bunaken National Park, Teling Village, there were types of Mangrove Vegetation Communities, namely Avicennia plant species with a total of 129, Rhizophora plant species with a capacity of 122 and Bruguiera plant species with a total of 91, where each plant type it has levels with different numbers.

Phytochemical Test and Effectiveness of Alang-alang Stolon Extract (Imperata cylindrica L.) Against Mortality of Dengue Fever Mosquito Larvae (Aedes Sp.) Ray Natalia Antou; Rudi Alexander Repi; Marthy Taulu
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Agustus 2022
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

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Aedes sp. is a species of mosquito that acts as a vector for transmitting dengue. The use of chemical insecticides to control Aedes sp. result in negative impacts on the environment. One vector control of dengue fever is using plant-derived insecticides, namely stolon Alang-Alang extract Imperata cylindrica L. which is known to be more effective against dengue fever mosquitoes Aedes sp. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of stolon alang-alang extract against the mortality of dengue mosquito larvae in Aedes sp. The method in this study is to analyze mortality data using Microsoft Excel 2016 probit analysis using seven treatments and three replications with a concentration of 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45%, and 0.5%. Larvae were tested at each concentration of as many as ten tails. The effectiveness of stolon alang-alang extract on larval mortality was observed every 12-72 hours. The data were analyzed by calculating the LC50 value using probit analysis. The results showed that alang-alang stolon extract effectively killed the mosquito larvae of Aedes sp. ranging from 0.25-0.5% concentration. The highest mortality rate was obtained at a concentration of 0.3-0.5%, capable of killing 100% of the mosquito larvae of Aedes sp. A concentration of 0.3-0.35% can cause 100% mortality of larvae at 60 hours after application (JSA), a concentration of 0.4% can cause 100% mortality in 48 (JSA) and a concentration of 0.45-0.5% causes 100% mortality of larvae in 36 (JSA). Probit analysis showed the LC50 result was 0.2116% (2115.5 ppm) with a toxic category (500-5000 ppm).

BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF INSECT PESTS Spodoptera exigua Hubner ORIGIN NORTH SULAWESI Utari Satiman; Marthy Taulu
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

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One component of integrated pest control is biological control or biological control based on the bioecology of the pest by taking into account the results obtained and their long-term effects through ecology and economy. The success of controlling a type of pest requires studies on various factors that affect the life of a pest, namely biology, morphology, ecology, genetics, and evolution. Knowledge of the biology of a pest species will provide appropriate information in breaking the life cycle or making the surrounding environment not provide optimal carrying capacity so that the pest population can be suppressed below the economic threshold. Spodoptera exigua is a polyphagous insect pest that eats from many plant types. In the larval stage, this pest attacks more than 20 species of cultivated and wild plants. For over twenty years, the onion caterpillar S. exigua has been the main target for chemical control but is still the main pest on onion crops. Spodoptera exigua attacks occur throughout the year in North Sulawesi and are spread over a wide geographical range, allowing genetic differences within the species. Gene mutations cause the occurrence of genetic diversity in a species in a population. High genetic diversity in individuals in a population can be one inhibiting factor in successfully controlling a pest species. Increasing knowledge about the biology of a pest species is very important to understand its habits, reproductive ability, and distribution which will later be used to limit and control the pest population.

STUDY OF MANGROVE VEGETATION COMMUNITY AT BUNAKEN NATIONAL PARK AREA, TELING VILLAGE Febiola Gabriela Tular; Helen J Lawalata; Marthy L. S. Taulu
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 3 No. 3 (2022): December 2022
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53682/ibj.v3i3.5592

Mangrove vegetation generally grows to form a zoning starting from a beach to a view of meters inland. Mangrove zoning consists of Avicennia plant species that face directly toward the sea and behind or on the edge of the Avicennia plant. There is the Riophora plant. Towards the mainland, there are Bruguiera plants and, finally, the Ceriops plant which grows and interacts with small bushes. Each type of Mangrove plant has a level; the first is the seedling level, the second is the sapling level, the third is the pole level, and the fourth is the tree level. This study aims to analyze the Mangrove Vegetation Community in Bunaken Nation Park, Teling Village, using a descriptive survey method and constructing three transects, which are transected measuring 10×10 m2, 5×5 m2, and 2×2 m2. The result on each transect shows that in Bunaken National Park, Teling Village, there were types of Mangrove Vegetation Communities, namely Avicennia plant species with a total of 129, Rhizophora plant species with a capacity of 122 and Bruguiera plant species with a total of 91, where each plant type it has levels with different numbers.

Phytochemical Test and Effectiveness of Alang-alang Stolon Extract (Imperata cylindrica L.) Against Mortality of Dengue Fever Mosquito Larvae (Aedes Sp.) Ray Natalia Antou; Rudi Alexander Repi; Marthy Taulu
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Agustus 2022
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53682/ibj.v3i2.5738

Aedes sp. is a species of mosquito that acts as a vector for transmitting dengue. The use of chemical insecticides to control Aedes sp. result in negative impacts on the environment. One vector control of dengue fever is using plant-derived insecticides, namely stolon Alang-Alang extract Imperata cylindrica L. which is known to be more effective against dengue fever mosquitoes Aedes sp. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of stolon alang-alang extract against the mortality of dengue mosquito larvae in Aedes sp. The method in this study is to analyze mortality data using Microsoft Excel 2016 probit analysis using seven treatments and three replications with a concentration of 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45%, and 0.5%. Larvae were tested at each concentration of as many as ten tails. The effectiveness of stolon alang-alang extract on larval mortality was observed every 12-72 hours. The data were analyzed by calculating the LC50 value using probit analysis. The results showed that alang-alang stolon extract effectively killed the mosquito larvae of Aedes sp. ranging from 0.25-0.5% concentration. The highest mortality rate was obtained at a concentration of 0.3-0.5%, capable of killing 100% of the mosquito larvae of Aedes sp. A concentration of 0.3-0.35% can cause 100% mortality of larvae at 60 hours after application (JSA), a concentration of 0.4% can cause 100% mortality in 48 (JSA) and a concentration of 0.45-0.5% causes 100% mortality of larvae in 36 (JSA). Probit analysis showed the LC50 result was 0.2116% (2115.5 ppm) with a toxic category (500-5000 ppm).

BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF INSECT PESTS Spodoptera exigua Hubner ORIGIN NORTH SULAWESI Utari Satiman; Marthy Taulu
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53682/ibj.v4i1.6611

One component of integrated pest control is biological control or biological control based on the bioecology of the pest by taking into account the results obtained and their long-term effects through ecology and economy. The success of controlling a type of pest requires studies on various factors that affect the life of a pest, namely biology, morphology, ecology, genetics, and evolution. Knowledge of the biology of a pest species will provide appropriate information in breaking the life cycle or making the surrounding environment not provide optimal carrying capacity so that the pest population can be suppressed below the economic threshold. Spodoptera exigua is a polyphagous insect pest that eats from many plant types. In the larval stage, this pest attacks more than 20 species of cultivated and wild plants. For over twenty years, the onion caterpillar S. exigua has been the main target for chemical control but is still the main pest on onion crops. Spodoptera exigua attacks occur throughout the year in North Sulawesi and are spread over a wide geographical range, allowing genetic differences within the species. Gene mutations cause the occurrence of genetic diversity in a species in a population. High genetic diversity in individuals in a population can be one inhibiting factor in successfully controlling a pest species. Increasing knowledge about the biology of a pest species is very important to understand its habits, reproductive ability, and distribution which will later be used to limit and control the pest population.

Analysis of Weed Vegetation on Paddy Rice (Oryza sativa) Plant in Koya Village, South Tondano District Lazar, Noviana; Naharia, Orbanus; Taulu, Marthy
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 5 No. 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53682/ibj.v5i3.10759

Paddy Rice (Oryza sativa) is the main food commodity in Indonesia, because most of the Indonesian population's staple food is Paddy Rice. Demand for Paddy Rice continues to increase from time to time along with population growth. The aim of this research is to determine the types and control of weeds in lowland Paddy Rice plants (Oryza sativa). This research is a qualitative descriptive study using a survey method directly observing weeds in the Paddy Rice planting area in Koya village, South Tondano subdistrict. The results of research on the density, dominance, and frequency of weed types in lowland Paddy Rice plants in Koya Village, South Tondano District show that there are 4 types of weeds in lowland Paddy Rice plants in Koya Village, namely Panicum repens, Fimbristylis litotoralis, Cyperus rotundus, and Pistia stratiotes. P.repens is a grass weed, F.litoralis and C.rotundus are a weed, and P.stratiotes is a broadleaf weed. The type that has the highest relative density (KR) is P. repens, namely 3.33%, followed by F. litoratlis, namely 26.67%, and the lowest is C. rotundus and P. stratiotes, namely 20.0%. Relative Dominance Value The highest (DR) was found in the weed type P. stratiotes, namely 51.56%, then followed by C. rotundus, namely 19.27%, F. litoralis, namely 15.10%, and the lowest, P. repens, namely 14.06%. The highest relative frequency (FR) was in P. repens and C. rotundus, namely 33.33%, followed by F. litoralis, namely 22.22% and the lowest was P. stratiotes, namely 11.11%. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there are 4 types of weeds in lowland Paddy Rice plants in Koya Village, South Tondano District with the highest weed dominance index value, namely P. stratiotes, namely 27.55787; Weed control can be done chemically, biologically, mechanically and physically.

Analysis of Weed Vegetation on Paddy Rice (Oryza sativa) Plant in Koya Village, South Tondano District Lazar, Noviana; Naharia, Orbanus; Taulu, Marthy
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 5 No. 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53682/ibj.v5i3.10759

Paddy Rice (Oryza sativa) is the main food commodity in Indonesia, because most of the Indonesian population's staple food is Paddy Rice. Demand for Paddy Rice continues to increase from time to time along with population growth. The aim of this research is to determine the types and control of weeds in lowland Paddy Rice plants (Oryza sativa). This research is a qualitative descriptive study using a survey method directly observing weeds in the Paddy Rice planting area in Koya village, South Tondano subdistrict. The results of research on the density, dominance, and frequency of weed types in lowland Paddy Rice plants in Koya Village, South Tondano District show that there are 4 types of weeds in lowland Paddy Rice plants in Koya Village, namely Panicum repens, Fimbristylis litotoralis, Cyperus rotundus, and Pistia stratiotes. P.repens is a grass weed, F.litoralis and C.rotundus are a weed, and P.stratiotes is a broadleaf weed. The type that has the highest relative density (KR) is P. repens, namely 3.33%, followed by F. litoratlis, namely 26.67%, and the lowest is C. rotundus and P. stratiotes, namely 20.0%. Relative Dominance Value The highest (DR) was found in the weed type P. stratiotes, namely 51.56%, then followed by C. rotundus, namely 19.27%, F. litoralis, namely 15.10%, and the lowest, P. repens, namely 14.06%. The highest relative frequency (FR) was in P. repens and C. rotundus, namely 33.33%, followed by F. litoralis, namely 22.22% and the lowest was P. stratiotes, namely 11.11%. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there are 4 types of weeds in lowland Paddy Rice plants in Koya Village, South Tondano District with the highest weed dominance index value, namely P. stratiotes, namely 27.55787; Weed control can be done chemically, biologically, mechanically and physically.

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran PBL Berbasis Lesson Study terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Wowiling, Intania Kesita; Repi, Rudi A.; Taulu, Marthy I. S.
Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai, Riau, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jptam.v8i1.13941

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning berbasis Lesson Study terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada pokok bahasan virus kelas X semester I SMA Negeri 1 Kauditan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksperimen. Desain penelitian menggunakan Pretest-Postest Control Group Design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil uji T yaitu dengan nilai Thitung = 11,424 > Ttabel = 2,00. Dengan demikian, H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima, yaiti adanya pengaruh model pembelajaran PBL berbasis Lesson Study terhadap hasil belajar siswa dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran konvensional pada kelas kontrol. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning berbasis Lesson Study berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi virus dibandingkan pada kelas kontrol yang menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional.

Jigsaw Type Cooperative Learning Model with Crossword Puzzle; Implementation and Influence on Biology Learning Outcomes Jenita, Elva; Tanor, Meity N.; Taulu, Marthy L. S.
Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai, Riau, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jptam.v8i2.14902

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui apakah penggunaan Crossword Puzzle yang dipadukan dengan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw akan meningkatkan hasil belajar biologi siswa ketika mempelajari materi bakteri di SMA Negeri 2 Tondano. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada kelas X SMA Negeri 2 Tondano pada tahun pelajaran 2023/2024. Dua puluh siswa kelas XA dan dua puluh siswa kelas XB dipilih sebagai sampel penelitian. Derajat kebebasan pengujian hipotesis uji-t adalah n1 + n2 – 2 (20 +24 – 2) = 42, dan tingkat signifikansi yang digunakan adalah 0,05. Nilai thitung sebesar 22,55 dengan nilai ttabel sebesar 2,018. Thitung dicari dengan memeriksa nilai thitung dan ttabel. Nilai ttabel, menunjukkan H1 diterima dan H0 ditolak. Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Jigsaw disertai teka-teki silang memberikan dampak terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar materi mikrobiologi di SMA Negeri 2 Tondano.

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