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Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Anticancer Effects of Clitoria ternatae Extract on Breast T47D Cancer Cells Arsianti, Ade; Mahindra, Shahjahan Pasha; Azizah, Norma Nur; Fajrin, Ajeng Megawati; Nadapdap, Lince Dameria
Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common and deadly forms of cancer in the world. Cancer is a multi-factorial disease. Genetic factors, environment and lifestyle have a role in the development of cancer. One of the mechanisms of cancer development is when an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in the human body occurs. Uncontrolled and excessive amount of free radicals and cause cell damage and uncontrolled cell growth. Clitoria ternate is a plant that is often found in Asia and many of the benefits of this flower have been studied. This study aims to determine the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxic activity of Clitoria ternatea against T47D breast cancer cells. Method: Clitoria ternatea in the form of dry powder is macerated in a multi-level manner with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol as solvents, producing a Clitoria ternatea extract of the respective solvents. Each extract is then evaluated for its phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxic activity using phytochemical test, thin layer chromatography (TLC), DPPH assay, and MTT assay respectively. Results: Phytochemical analysis of Clitoria ternatea shows the presence of glycosides, flavonoids, tannins and triterpenoids with TLC revealing the presence of ten phytochemical constituents. DPPH assay reveals that Clitoria ternatea exhibits a very active antioxidant activity. MTT assay revels Clitoria ternatea has a high cytotoxic activity towards T47D breast cancer cell line with IC50 value ranging from 1.27 μg/mL to 32.38 μg/mL. Conclusion: Chemical constituents of Clitoria ternatea is responsible for the antioxidant and cytotoxic activity towards T47D breast cancer cell line.
Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant Activity, and Cytotoxicity of Ethanol, Ethyl Acetate, and n-Hexane Kluwak (Pangium edule) Extract on MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Abidin, Raniindra Khalisha Soediro; Arsianti, Ade
Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Introduction: Breast cancer occurs quite high and is one of the main causes of death in Indonesia and the world. Current treatment for cancer is expensive and has varying degrees of success and can cause side effects for patients. Kluwak (Pangium edule), whose reseach is still limited has the potential to be used as an alternative treatment for breast cancer. Methods: Kluwak powder was macerated using three different types of solvents to obtain ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract and n-hexane kluwak extract. Phytochemical tests and thin layer chromatography (TLC) were carried out to determine the type and amount of phytochemical components of kluwak extract. The antioxidant activity of kluwak extract was tested using the DPPH method and the cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 breast cancer cells was determined using the MTT test. Results: The phytochemical components contained in kluwak extract include flavonoids, alkaloids, triterpenoids and glycosides. The ethanol extract of kluwak showed very weak antioxidant activity (IC50 = 26459 µg/ml), while the antioxidant activity of the ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts could not be determined. Ethyl acetate and n-hexane kluwak extracts also had a moderate cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 breast cancer cells with IC50 values respectively 132.79 µg/ml and 232.93 µg/ml while the ethanol extract had a weak cytotoxic effect with values IC50 667.91 µg/ml.Conclusion: Kluwak (Pangium edule) extract contains phytochemical compounds and cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 breast cancer cells, so it has the potential to be developed as a therapeutic agent in the management of breast cancer.
ANTIOXIDANT AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITIES OF GREEN SEAWEED ULVA LACTUCA TOWARDS MCF-7 BREAST CANCER CELLS Arsianti, Ade
Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 6 (2023): Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jmi.v2i6.264

Abstract

Systematic researches for breast cancer are ran in Indonesia with its flora resources and therapeutic potentials as prospective towards cancer cells through studies concerning phytochemical contents, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity. The aim of this research is to obtain Ulva lactuca abundant potential that is available in Indonesia as antioxidant and anticancer towards breast cancer cell MCF-7. Ulva lactuca is extracted by maceration with solvents which are n-hexane, ethyl-acetate, and ethanol, ensuing extracts of n-hexane, ethyl-acetate and ethanol. The extracts later collected and tested through phytochemical and TLC analysis. The DPPH assay determines the extracts’ antioxidant activity as a radical scavenger and MTT assay evaluates the cytotoxicity towards MCF-7 cells. Phytochemical screening revealed secondary metabolites triterpenoids, steroids, and glycosides in Ulva lactuca. The TLC resulted that there are 11 phytochemical components. From DPPH assay, ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of Ulva lactuca are classified to have very active antioxidant activity against DPPH free radicals, with IC50 of 3.514 ?g/mL and 33.770 ?g/mL, respectively. From MTT assay, n-hexane extract gives IC50 value of 70.496 ?g/mL, and ethyl-acetate extract gives IC50 value of 50.883 ?g/mL towards MCF-7 cells, both have moderate anticancer activity. Whereas the ethanol extract gives IC50 value of 11.920 ?g/mL on MCF-7 cells which considered to have active anticancer activity. Ethanol extract of Ulva lactuca that has a strong antioxidant and cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells should be further develop as an anti-breast cancer agent.
Phytochemistry, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Hibiscus (Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis) Extract on MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Arsianti, Ade; Suhaima, Isma Zahira; Gill, Steven; Fajrin, Ajeng Megawati; Nadapdap, Lince Dameria; Azizah, Norma Nur; Tanimoto, Hiroki; Hirota, Shun
Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women with a very high mortality rate. This cancer is caused by uncontrolled growth of breast cells. Treatments for this malignancy are surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, however those methods can cause adverse effects and quite expensive. Complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) are also used to support those main treatments, one of them is herbal medicine. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is known to have various phytochemical components with antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, and analgesic activities. This study is aimed to determine the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis extract towards MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Method: Dried Hibiscus rosa-sinensis was milled to a powder, subsequently extracted by multilevel maceration method using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol as solvents. Phytochemical components were analyzed by phytochemistry test and thin layer chromatography (TLC). Antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH method, whereas cytotoxic activity towards MCF-7 breast cancer cells was evaluated by MTT assay. Results: Hibiscus rosa-sinensis were proved to contain triterpenoids in all extracts, alkaloids in n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts, flavonoids and tannins in ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts, and steroids in n-hexane extract. TLC analysis showed n-hexane extract contains 8 phytochemical compounds, ethyl acetate contains 6 compounds, and ethanol extract contains 2 phytochemical compounds. Antioxidant activity of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis extracts towards DPPH free radicals were highly active with IC50 value of 1.56 µg/mL for ethyl acetate extract and 42.30 µg/mL for ethanol extract. Cytotoxicity of ethyl acetate extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis towards MCF-7 breast cancer cells was moderately active with IC50 value of 79.37 µg/mL. IC50 value of n-hexane and ethanol extracts were 125.23 µg/mL and 210.77 µg/mL, respectively, in which both were categorized in weakly active. Conclusion: Hibiscus rosa-sinensis contains several phytochemical components which showed highly active antioxidant activity towards DPPH free radicals and moderate-to-weak cytotoxic activity towards MCF-7 breast cancer cells.