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All Journal Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Media Komunikasi Geografi Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Journal The Winners Media Trend: Berkala Kajian Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan JIET (Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Terapan) JDE (Journal of Developing Economies) EKSPANSI IJBE (Integrated Journal of Business and Economics) EKO-REGIONAL JURNAL PENGEMBANGAN EKONOMI WILAYAH Ekuilibrium : Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Ilmu Ekonomi Jurnal Samudra Ekonomi dan Bisnis Indonesian Journal of Energy Al-Kharaj: Journal of Islamic Economic and Business International Journal of Economics Development Research (IJEDR) Studi Kasus Inovasi Ekonomi Jurnal Riset Ilmu Ekonomi Multidiciplinary Output Research for Actual and International Issue (Morfai Journal) Journal of Mathematics Instruction, Social Research and Opinion Jurnal Ilmiah MEA (Manajemen, Ekonomi, dan Akuntansi) Inkubis: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Jurnal Ragam Pengabdian JIEP: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Eko-Regional: Jurnal Pembangunan Ekonomi Wilayah
Deni Kusumawardani
Department Of Economics, Faculty Of Economics And Business, Universitas Airlangga
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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DECOMPOSITION ANALYSIS OF CO2 EMISSION IN INDONESIA’S ENERGY-INTENSIVE INDUSTRIES Andri Febriyanda; Deni Kusumawardani; Muhammad Adnan
Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue
Publisher : RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/morfai.v5i4.3117

Abstract

The growth of the industrial sector through industrialization greatly affects the increase in CO2 emissions. Energy conservation and diversification policies need to be carried out to reduce CO2 emissions, especially in energy-intensive industries. This study aims to decompose and analyze the factors that cause changes in CO2 emissions using the LMDI method. The data used in this study was sourced from large and medium industry surveys during the period 2010-2015. The results show that the effects of changes in economic activity, industrial economic structure and energy intensity are the main factors that contribute to the increase in CO2 emissions in the cement, food, pulp & paper, chemical and textile industries. The structural effects of energy composition and emission coefficients have not shown a significant contribution to the increase or decrease of CO2 emissions. Policy recommendations to reduce CO2 emissions in energy-intensive industries are to encourage energy efficiency and transition through the use of energy-saving and low-carbon technologies, as well as revitalize old and inefficient technologies.
Energy Efficiency in the Ceramic and Clay Building Materials Industry in Indonesia Khusnul Ainia Aprilinda; Deni Kusumawardani
Journal of Mathematics Instruction, Social Research and Opinion Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : MASI Mandiri Edukasi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58421/misro.v5i1.1295

Abstract

The Indonesian clay and ceramic building materials industry is highly energy-intensive, yet firm-level evidence on energy efficiency during the 2010–2015 period remains limited. This study aims to measure energy efficiency and identify its key determinants within the sector. Energy efficiency is estimated using the Slack-Based Measure Data Envelopment Analysis (SBM-DEA), and a Tobit regression model is applied to examine firm-level determinants using data from the BPS Large and Medium Industry Survey (IBS). The results show an average efficiency score of 0.60, indicating a potential 40% improvement. Subsector disparities are evident, with sanitary ware and porcelain industries outperforming brick and tile industries. Tobit results show that business scale, firm status, and production composition have positive and significant effects on efficiency, while export orientation has a negative effect. These findings indicate that inefficiency is primarily driven by structural and firm-specific factors rather than technological constraints, implying that improving energy efficiency requires structural transformation alongside technological upgrading.
Green Innovation, Renewable Energy, and Institutional Quality in Driving CO₂ Emission Decoupling: Evidence from Developing Countries Ryan Anward; Deni Kusumawardani; Lilik Sugiharti
JIEP: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : PPJP ULM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jiep.v9i1.2959

Abstract

This study examines CO₂ emission decoupling in developing countries as a broader indicator of sustainable economic performance, not merely as emission reduction. Specifically, it analyzes the roles of green innovation, renewable energy consumption, and institutional quality in explaining whether economic growth can be increasingly separated from CO₂ emissions through technological capability, energy-system transition, and governance capacity. Using panel data from 34 developing countries over the period 2002–2021, the study applies the Tapio decoupling index to measure CO₂ emission decoupling status and transforms the resulting classification into an ordinal variable with three categories: negative decoupling, coupling, and decoupling. The determinants of decoupling status are analyzed using a panel generalized ordered logit model with average marginal effects estimation. The results show that green innovation significantly increases the probability of being in the decoupling category and emerges as the strongest positive determinant of decoupling performance. Renewable energy consumption also has a positive but marginally significant effect, indicating that renewable energy has begun to contribute to decoupling in developing countries, although its effect remains relatively modest. Institutional quality is negatively associated with decoupling, while its interaction with renewable energy is not statistically significant. Population also has a significant negative effect on the probability of decoupling. Overall, the findings suggest that decoupling in developing countries is driven more strongly by green innovation than by renewable energy or institutional quality, while governance improvements have not yet been fully translated into effective low-carbon transition outcomes.
The Production and Carbon Emission Efficiency Analysis of the Manufacturing Sector across Six Provinces in Java: An SBM Approach (2018–2022) Nadillah Lilhidayah; Deni Kusumawardani
Al-Kharaj: Journal of Islamic Economic and Business Vol. 8 No. 3 (2026): All articles in this issue include authors from 3 countries of origin (Indonesi
Publisher : LP2M IAIN Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24256/kharaj.v8i3.11503

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to estimate green efficiency levels in the manufacturing sector across six provinces on Java Island and to identify benchmarks for environmentally friendly industrial governance policies, both spatially and temporally. Methods: A quantitative-descriptive approach was employed, utilizing input-oriented Slack-Based Measure Data Envelopment Analysis (SBM-DEA) modeling under the assumption of Variable Returns to Scale (VRS). The geographical scope covers six provinces on Java Island (Banten, DKI Jakarta, West Java, Central Java, DI Yogyakarta, and East Java) over the 2018–2022 observation period. Input variables include capital, labor, and fossil energy consumption, while output variables consist of industrial GDP (desirable output) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions as a negative environmental residual effect (undesirable output). Data were gathered from secondary reports by Statistics Indonesia (BPS) and the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM). Results: The findings reveal a stark dichotomy in efficiency performance. Banten, DKI Jakarta, West Java, and DI Yogyakarta consistently maintained perfect efficiency status (a score of 1.0000) throughout the observation period. Conversely, Central Java (average 0.8556) and East Java (average 0.7034) experienced persistent green inefficiency due to excessive emissions (slacks) and energy input wastage. Benchmark analysis (Lambda) revealed dynamic shifts: Central Java was self-efficient during the pandemic but saw a decline post-pandemic in 2022, whereas East Java’s reference point for improvement shifted entirely from DI Yogyakarta (2018) toward the low-carbon technology characteristics of DKI Jakarta and West Java (2020–2022), with contribution weights exceeding 60%. Implications: The findings highlight the need for regional authorities in Central and East Java to move away from "business-as-usual" policies. Concrete policy interventions are recommended, including the implementation of mandatory energy audits for the heavy industry sector, the provision of green fiscal incentives, and the standardization of integrated industrial zones (eco-industrial parks) modeled after the West Java clusters. Future studies should expand the scope of analysis by utilizing firm-level data and incorporating other environmental pollutants, such as liquid waste and SOx/NOx emissions.
Decomposition of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions in ASEAN Based on Kaya Identity Vivid Amalia Khusna; Deni Kusumawardani
Indonesian Journal of Energy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2021): Indonesian Journal of Energy
Publisher : Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33116/ije.v4i2.122

Abstract

ASEAN is a region with high carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, accompanied by an increase in population, gross domestic product (GDP) and energy consumption. Population, GDP, and energy consumption can be linked to CO2 emissions through an identity equation called the Rich Identity. This research is based on Kaya identity to describe CO2 emissions to calculate the impact of population, economic activity, energy intensity and carbon intensity on CO2 emissions in ASEAN and 8 ASEAN countries (i.e., Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Philippines, Vietnam, Myanmar and Brunei Darussalam) from 1990 to 2017. The method used is the Logarithmic Mean Division Index (LMDI). The data used are from the International Energy Agency (IEA) and the World Bank. Four effects measured and main findings showed that population, economic activity and carbon intensity factor increased by 293.02 MtCO2, 790.0 MtCO2, and 195.51 MtCO2, respectively. Meanwhile, energy intensity effect made ASEAN's CO2 emissions decrease by 283.13 MtCO2. Regarding contributions to the increase in CO2 emissions in all ASEAN countries, the population effect increases CO2 emissions in all countries in ASEAN and the economic activity effect is also the same, except in Brunei Darussalam which makes CO2 emissions in this country decreased by 1.07 MtCO2. Meanwhile, the effects of energy and carbon intensity are different. The effect of energy intensity causes CO2 emissions in lower-middle income countries to decrease, while in upper-middle and high-income countries, it increases carbon emissions. In contrast to the effect of carbon intensity, that actually makes CO2 emissions increase in lower-middle income countries and reduces carbon emissions in upper-middle and high-income countries.
Tourism, Foreign Direct Investment, and Energy Consumption: Evidence from Causality Analysis in ASEAN Putri Dea Nabilah; Deni Kusumawardani
Jurnal Riset Ilmu Ekonomi Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Riset Ilmu Ekonomi (JRIE) Edisi April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jrie.v6i1.417

Abstract

ASEAN’s rapid economic expansion has been increasingly supported by tourism growth and foreign direct investment (FDI), both of which contribute significantly to regional development while simultaneously intensifying energy demand. This study examines the dynamic relationships among tourism, FDI, and energy consumption in ASEAN using a panel Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and Wald causality tests. The results confirm the existence of both short-run and long-run interdependencies among the variables. In the short run, tourism significantly stimulates FDI inflows by expanding market opportunities and demand for tourism-related industries. Conversely, energy consumption negatively affects tourism, indicating that environmental pressure and intensive energy use may reduce tourism competitiveness. In the long run, the strongest relationship occurs between FDI and energy consumption, suggesting that ASEAN’s economic growth remains highly dependent on energy-intensive industrialization and infrastructure development. The findings imply that although ASEAN economies are gradually diversifying through tourism-led service expansion, regional growth continues to rely heavily on industrial and energy-driven activities. Therefore, ASEAN countries need integrated policies that combine tourism development, investment expansion, and sustainable energy management to support long-term economic competitiveness and environmental sustainability.
Household Saving Behavior on Formal Financial Institutions in Urban and Rural Areas Muhammad Maftuhin; Deni Kusumawardani
EKUILIBRIUM : JURNAL ILMIAH BIDANG ILMU EKONOMI Vol 17 No 1 (2022): March
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24269/ekuilibrium.v17i1.2022.pp40-53

Abstract

This research aimed to examine the household saving behavior on formal financial institutions in urban and rural areas. The data sources of this research from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), namely the 2018 Indonesia national socio-economic survey (SUSENAS) and the 2018 Indonesia village potential survey (PODES).The research sampleswere 126 539 households in urban and 168 562 households in rural spread over 34 provinces in Indonesia. The analytical method used logistic regression to determine the household behavior in the savings ownership in a formal bank institution.Several factors that affect savings ownership included socio-demographic and institutional factors. The estimation results showed that all socio-demographic factors affected savings ownership in urban, while institutional factors, namely government bank and private banks did not have a significant effect. Otherwise, institutional factors had a significant effect on savings ownership in rural, while socio-demographic factors (house ownership) did not havea significant effect. The findings were very important to improve saving behavior and provide alternative policies related to banking infrastructure development in Indonesia.
The Influence of Country Governance on Environmental Performance: A Global Data Analysis Nika Sella Adriani Ginting; Deni Kusumawardani
Inkubis : Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Vol. 8 No. 3 (2026): INKUBIS Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis
Publisher : Politeknik Siber Cerdika Internasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59261/inkubis.v8i3.284

Abstract

Background: Environmental degradation and the urgency of achieving global sustainability targets have increased attention to institutional factors affecting environmental outcomes. However, evidence regarding the contribution of individual governance dimensions to environmental performance across countries remains inconclusive. Objective: This study examines the effect of country governance on the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) across countries. Methods: The study used biennial panel data from 102 countries covering 2006–2022 and applied a Fixed Effects Model for estimation. Results: Country governance generally had a positive effect on environmental performance. Specifically, Control of Corruption, Government Effectiveness, and Regulatory Quality had positive and statistically significant effects on EPI, demonstrating the importance of strong institutions in supporting effective environmental policies. Among the control variables, economic growth had a negative and significant effect, suggesting that increased economic activity may intensify environmental pressures. The service sector also showed negative effects at certain significance levels. Conversely, energy intensity had a positive and significant effect, indicating that higher energy consumption does not necessarily worsen environmental performance when supported by effective governance and efficient technologies. Conclusion: Country governance is an important institutional determinant of environmental performance, particularly through corruption control, government effectiveness, and regulatory quality. Strengthening institutional capacity and regulatory effectiveness is therefore essential for improving environmental outcomes and supporting long-term sustainable development and net-zero emission targets.
CO₂ Emission Drivers and Decoupling across Net-Zero Commitment Clusters Yosafat Mathias Sihombing; Deni Kusumawardani
Inkubis : Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Vol. 8 No. 3 (2026): INKUBIS Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis
Publisher : Politeknik Siber Cerdika Internasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59261/inkubis.v8i3.286

Abstract

Background: Progress toward net-zero emissions requires evidence of whether economic growth is becoming less carbon-intensive across countries with different levels of net-zero commitment. Objective: This study identified the main drivers of changes in CO₂ emissions and compared economic-growth decoupling across net-zero-emission commitment clusters. Methods: Secondary panel data for 27 high-emitting countries, selected from six net-zero commitment-status clusters, were analyzed for 2008–2023. Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) decomposition was used to estimate the contributions of economic activity, population, energy intensity, carbon intensity, and the energy mix; Tapio analysis was used to classify emission–growth decoupling before and after the Paris Agreement. Results: Economic activity and population were the principal drivers of emissions, whereas improvements in energy and carbon intensity generally offset part of the increase. Commitment clusters with targets embedded in law or policy documents showed more stable decoupling outcomes than declaration and proposed clusters; only Gabon, in the achieved cluster, reached strong decoupling in the post-Paris period. Conclusion: Integrating LMDI and Tapio analyses shows that the credibility and institutionalization of net-zero commitments are associated with more stable decoupling patterns, while improvements in efficiency and decarbonization remain essential for offsetting growth-related emissions.
Coal Consumption Dynamics in Indonesia: Evidence from the Coal Kuznets Curve (CKC) Framework Widya Wahyuni; Deni Kusumawardani
Inkubis : Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Vol. 8 No. 3 (2026): INKUBIS Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis
Publisher : Politeknik Siber Cerdika Internasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59261/inkubis.v8i3.293

Abstract

Background: Indonesia, as one of the world’s largest coal producers and consumers, faces a critical tension between coal-driven economic growth and the imperative of environmental sustainability. Despite existing studies on the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), empirical evidence on the Coal Kuznets Curve (CKC) in Indonesia remains limited, particularly regarding the nonlinear dynamics of coal consumption over time. Objective: This study analyzes the influence of economic growth on coal consumption in Indonesia within the framework of the Coal Kuznets Curve (CKC), using time-series data for the period 1994–2023. Methods: The study employs an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model with an Error Correction Model (ECM) approach, along with robustness tests using Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS). Results: The results reveal a U-shaped nonlinear relationship between economic growth and coal consumption, indicating that the relationship varies across income levels: at lower income levels, economic growth is associated with declining coal consumption, whereas beyond a certain income threshold, coal consumption rises again. This pattern deviates from the conventional inverted U-shaped Coal Kuznets Curve hypothesis. Population density and industrial activity are also found to significantly increase coal consumption. Conclusion: Overall, these findings confirm that economic growth in Indonesia has not been accompanied by a reduction in dependence on coal, underscoring the urgent need for structural energy-transition policies that decouple economic growth from fossil-fuel consumption.
Co-Authors Almughni, Muhammad Afdha Alif Andaru Rachmaning Dias Prayitno Andri Febriyanda Aplugi, Belantika Budianto, Mahmud Djoko Mursinto, Djoko Faizah, Raudlatul Hasbi Ash Shidiq Iftitah, Maratul Khusnul Ainia Aprilinda Lilhidayah, Nadillah Lyla Rachmaningtyas Maksimilianus Paulus Jati Gamatara Muhammad Adnan Muhammad Madyan, Muhammad Muhammad Maftuhin Muhammad Maftuhin Nadillah Lilhidayah Nika Sella Adriani Ginting Nur Aini Hidayati Nurrahmawati, Bela Olivia Tanaya Permana, Aditya Widya Putri Dea Nabilah Rachma Bhakti Utami Ratih Twi Septiriana, Ratih Twi Raudlatul Faizah Rizqatus Sholehah Robhati, Husyroniatur Rumayya Rumayya Ryan Anward Shilvina Widi Irsanti Soebagyo Soebagyo Sony Kristiyanto Sugiharti, Lilik Suyanto Suyanto Tri Haryanto Tri Haryanto Unggul Heriqbaldi Vivid Amalia Khusna Wibowo, Wisnu Widya Wahyuni Yosafat Mathias Sihombing