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PRODUKSI BIOETANOL DARI ALKALI-PRETREATMENT JERAMI PADI DENGAN PROSES SIMULTANEOUS SACHARIFICATION AND FERMENTATION (SSF) Nata, Iryanti Fatyasari; Prayogo, Jody Hartoto; Arianto, Toni
Konversi Vol 3, No 1 (2014): April 2014
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v3i1.132

Abstract

Abstrak- Jerami padi merupakan limbah pertanian yang mengandung 39% selulosa dan 27,5% hemiselulosa, jika dihidrolisis jerami padi dapat dikonversi menjadi gula sederhana selanjutnya difermentasi menjadi bioetanol.  Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pretreatment jerami padi dan kondisi operasi (jumlah enzim selulase dan Saccharomyces cereviseae) dalam produksi bioetanol dengan proses Simultaneous Saccharification Fermentation (SSF). Proses delignifikasi dilakukan dengan cara merendam jerami padi yang sudah dihaluskan dengan 2% NaOH (w/v) pada suhu 85oC selama 1 jam. Jerami padi dikeringkan setelah pretreatmen yang sebelumnya dicuci sampai pH filtratnya netral. Selanjutnya jerami padi kering digunakan sebagai substrat dalam SSF dengan menggunakan enzim selulase (20, 30 dan 40 FPU) dan S. Cerevisiae ( 2, 4 dan 6 ose) selama 3 hari dalam acetate buffer pH 5 serta penentuan konsentrasi etanol menggunakan Gas Chromatography (GC). Dengan analisis Scanning Electrom Microscope (SEM) dan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), struktur permukaan yang rapi dan diselimuti oleh lignin menjadi kasar dan pecah yang diiringi dengan peningkatan struktur kristal sebesar 33,24% dari jerami padi setelah pretreatment dengan NaOH. Kadar bioetanol yang dihasilkan untuk 20 FPU, 30 FPU dan 40 FPU dengan kandungan S.Cerevisiae 2 ose berturut-turut adalah 0,45%, 0,44% dan 0,43%.  Dari variasi jumlah S. Cerevisiae 2,4 dan 6 ose dengan enzim selulase 20 FPU menghasikan bioetanol sebesar 0,45%, 0,46% dan 1,07%.  Kadar bioetanol yang dihasilkan dengan substrat yang di pretreatment dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi bioetanol sebesar 82,2% pada kondisi SSF yang sama. Pretreatment terhadap substrat memberikan efek terhadap produk SSF karena dengan penghilangan lignin akan memaksimalkan kerja enzime selulase mengkonversi sellulosa menjadi glukosa.  Kata Kunci : Jerami padi, delignifikasi, bioetanol, SSFAbstract- Rice straw is an agricultural waste which contains 39% cellulose and 27.5% hemicelluloses. Rice straw can be converted into bio ethanol by Simultaneous Saccharification Fermentation (SSF) process.  The aims of this research are to investigate the influence of rice straw pretreatment and operation condition (number of cellulose enzyme and Saccharomyces cereviseae) for bioethanol production. The bioethanol conversion was devided by 2 steps, there were delignification and SSF. Delignification process was done by soak rice straw in NaOH 2% heated at temperature 85 oC for 1 hour then washed with water. The pretreatment rice straw was used as substrate in SSF. SSF was conducted in the presence of cellulase enzyme (20, 30, and 40 FPU) and Sacharomyces Cerevisiae (2,4 and 6 ose) for 3 days. The bioethanol concentration produced for 20 FPU, 30 FPU, and 40 FPU in 2 ose S.careviseae are 0,45%, 0,44%, and 0,43%  respectively. The addition number of Saccharomyces cereviseae was gave high concentration of bioethanol. The result shown that bioethanol concentration of 2 ose, 4 ose and 6 ose are 0,45%, 0,46% and 1,07%, respectively. In the same concentration of enzyme (20 FPU) which pretreatment and non pretretament substrate was increased of bioethanol concentration up to 82,2%. The pretretment process was broken the structure of lignin and made enzyme easy to attached cellulose and converted to glucose. Keywords : Rice straw, delignification, bioethanol, SSF
The Concept of Fathering in Child Care During the Covid-19 Pandemic Mulyana, Indra; Zuhri, Saifuddin; Dimas Aditya, Viedy; Arianto, Toni
Al Irsyad: Jurnal Studi Islam Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Al Irsyad: Jurnal Studi Islam
Publisher : STAI Publisistik Thawalib Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54150/alirsyad.v2i1.118

Abstract

Children are a trust that require father-mother parenting aligned with the times, to prevent the impacts of fatherlessness and shape the character of today’s generation. This study explores the implementation of the fathering concept in child-rearing during the pandemic. It employs a qualitative method using a literature study approach. The research sources include the Qur'an (tafsir), books, and school documents. Findings: The phenomenon of fatherlessness has negative effects on children, such as the loss of security, increased school absenteeism, cognitive decline, a higher risk of depression, antisocial behavior, and both physical and psychological distress. To address this, the father's role must be strengthened by implementing positive fatherly values, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. These values include being a role model, applying consistent parenting habits, giving loving advice, creating a supportive environment, showing wisdom, and always praying for the child's well-being and development. Conclusion: The father's active role is essential in child-rearing to prevent the negative impact of fatherlessness, particularly during the pandemic
Implementing Integrated Holistic Education System (IHES) for Character Building at Seven Skies International School in Selangor, Malaysia Arianto, Toni; Prayogo, Imam; Fannani, Bakhruddin; Barizi, Ahmad
Enrichment: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development Vol. 2 No. 7 (2024): Enrichment: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/enrichment.v2i7.182

Abstract

The modern educational system emphasizes not only the intellectual development of students but also the formation of moral and social character. Traditional educational systems are often perceived as inadequate in meeting the demands of globalization, technological advancement, and social change. Seven Skies International School adopts the Integrated Holistic Education System (IHES) to address these needs by incorporating intellectual, emotional, spiritual, and physical aspects into student learning. The primary challenge in implementing IHES is maintaining a balance between academic achievement and the development of students' character, as well as ensuring that educators are capable of effectively guiding emotional and spiritual growth. Common obstacles include the lack of understanding and skills among teachers in comprehensively applying IHES. This study aims to analyze the implementation of IHES at Seven Skies International School, evaluate character-building strategies, and measure their impact on students' moral and social development. The methodology employed is a qualitative approach through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The research findings indicate that IHES positively influences students' moral and social development. However, several challenges were identified in its implementation, particularly concerning teacher training and the methods used for character evaluation, which require improvement. The study's recommendations include enhancing training programs for educators and developing more comprehensive methods for character assessment.