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Road Infrastructure and Local Economic Activity: Insight from Mobility Data Kustanto, Raditya Yudhan; Mahi, Benedictus Raksaka
Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Economic and Business Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University of Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/sjie.v14i1.42955

Research Originality: This research measures local economic activity through a mobility approach, using Google Mobility Report (GMR) data across all provinces in Indonesia. Measuring economic activity using conventional macro indicators, such as GDP, has limitations due to lengthy collection processes.Research Objectives: This study aims to determine the impact of road infrastructure on local economic activity using data from the GMR in categories such as Retail and recreation, Grocery and pharmacy, Parks, and Workplaces.Research Methods: This study uses panel data on the GMR, Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing, Ministry of Finance, and Central Bureau of Statistics from 2019–2022, which is analyzed using fixed-effect methods.Empirical Results: The results show a positive effect of road infrastructure on Retail and recreation and Grocery and pharmacy but a negative impact on Workplaces, likely due to the shift to remote work during COVID-19.Implications: These findings suggest that the government should prioritize road construction in areas that enhance economic activity. However, road construction in the Workplaces area still needs to be considered in line with the recovery of activities after the pandemic ends.JEL Classification: H54, R11, R42How to Cite:Kustanto, R.Y., & Mahi, B.R. (2025). Road Infrastructure and Local Economic Activity: Insight from Mobility Data. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 14(1), 17-36. htttps://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v14i1.42955.

The Impact of External Capital on the Performance of Agricultural Cooperatives in Indonesia Sunarwibowo, Rizki Pratomo; Mohamad Ikhsan; Benedictus Raksaka Mahi; I Dewa Gede Karma Wisana
Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business Vol 40 No 3 (2025): September
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jieb.v40i3.10163

Introduction/Main Objectives: Sufficient capital remains a notable challenge across various business models. This study investigates the influence of capital, mainly external capital, on cooperative productivity. Background Problems: Cooperatives are viewed as a potential avenue for supporting the public economy and establishing a fundamental pillar within a robust economic structure. However, in Indonesia, cooperatives have not fully realized these envisioned prospects. The issue of access to capital is believed to have an impact on the productivity of cooperatives. Novelty: Limited research has delved into the impact of capital on cooperative productivity. Our study utilized cooperative firm-level data, while the majority of prior studies have relied on less-detailed aggregate data. Research Methods: We employed recent data on agricultural cooperatives in Indonesia, covering 3,315 units. The endogenous switching regression method was applied to estimate the impact of external capital on cooperative productivity and draw comparisons between cooperatives that embraced external capital and those that did not. Finding/Results: The results indicated that cooperatives utilizing external capital exhibited a 2.8% higher level of productivity than those that did not. Additionally, we explored the impact of external capital based on cooperative size. The results revealed that large-category cooperatives experienced a 10% increase in productivity, medium-category cooperatives a 5.6% increase, small-category cooperatives a 0.8% increase, and micro-category cooperatives a 0.1% increase. Conclusion: These findings underscore the substantial influence of capital factors, mainly external capital, on cooperative productivity. The government needs to enact legislation to better regulate and support access to capital.

An Analysis of the Impact of Digipay Utilization on the Expenditure Efficiency of Central Government Work Units Muqimuddin, Saifan Abdulloh; Mahi, Benedictus Raksaka
Indonesian Treasury Review: Jurnal Perbendaharaan, Keuangan Negara dan Kebijakan Publik Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Treasury Review: Jurnal Perbendaharaan, Keuangan Negara dan Kebijak
Publisher : Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan, Kementerian Keuangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33105/itrev.v10i3.1235

Research Originality — Existing empirical research shows that digital marketplace platforms can improve expenditure efficiency, yet evidence in the public sector, especially in developing countries, remains scarce. This study provides novel empirical evidence by examining the implementation of Digipay in central government work units to assess its impact on expenditure efficiency. Research Objectives — Digipay was designed as a digital payment platform to address several challenges in the government procurement process. This study therefore examined the impact of its adoption on procurement efficiency at the central government work unit level. Research Methods — This study used the 2022 fiscal year data primarily drawn from the Online Monitoring Sistem Perbendaharaan dan Anggaran Negara (OMSPAN) database and the Ministry of Finance’s Digipay database. The analysis applied the Mahalanobis Distance Matching (MDM) method with the Kernel Matching algorithm, supplemented by regression adjustment, to estimate the effect of Digipay. Empirical Results — The findings indicated that Digipay adoption has enhanced procurement efficiency among central government work units nationwide. Empirical estimates suggested that its use increased efficiency by 2.59%. Implications — Based on these results, the Ministry of Finance is encouraged to further optimize Digipay utilization to strengthen procurement efficiency across central government work units, which serve as the primary implementing unit of government expenditure.

Road Infrastructure and Local Economic Activity: Insight from Mobility Data Kustanto, Raditya Yudhan; Mahi, Benedictus Raksaka
Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Economic and Business, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/sjie.v14i1.42955

Research Originality: This research measures local economic activity through a mobility approach, using Google Mobility Report (GMR) data across all provinces in Indonesia. Measuring economic activity using conventional macro indicators, such as GDP, has limitations due to lengthy collection processes.Research Objectives: This study aims to determine the impact of road infrastructure on local economic activity using data from the GMR in categories such as Retail and recreation, Grocery and pharmacy, Parks, and Workplaces.Research Methods: This study uses panel data on the GMR, Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing, Ministry of Finance, and Central Bureau of Statistics from 2019–2022, which is analyzed using fixed-effect methods.Empirical Results: The results show a positive effect of road infrastructure on Retail and recreation and Grocery and pharmacy but a negative impact on Workplaces, likely due to the shift to remote work during COVID-19.Implications: These findings suggest that the government should prioritize road construction in areas that enhance economic activity. However, road construction in the Workplaces area still needs to be considered in line with the recovery of activities after the pandemic ends.JEL Classification: H54, R11, R42How to Cite:Kustanto, R.Y., & Mahi, B.R. (2025). Road Infrastructure and Local Economic Activity: Insight from Mobility Data. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 14(1), 17-36. htttps://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v14i1.42955.

The Effect of Financial and Non-financial Supports on the Productivity of MSEs in Indonesia Widodo, Cahyo Aji; Mahi, Benedictus Raksaka
Journal of Economics, Business, and Accountancy Ventura Vol. 25 No. 2 (2022): August - November 2022
Publisher : Universitas Hayam Wuruk Perbanas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14414/jebav.v25i2.3136

Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) contribute significantly to the economy and job creation. The majority of MSEs use simple or traditional technology in the production process. Several common obstacles cause low MSEs productivity, such as low-quality human resources, lack of knowledge, and difficulty in finance access. Various support programs have been implemented to help MSEs increase productivity. This research was conducted to provide empirical evidence of the effect of financial and non-financial support on the labor productivity of MSEs using data at the micro level. By using multiple linear regression for the cross-sectional data, this study concludes that groups of business units receiving financial support, non-financial support, and both forms of support at the same time have productivity of respectively 28.12 percent, 16.04 percent, and 6.36 percent, higher than those receiving no support at all. The results of this study also show that non-financial support has a higher impact on business units with larger sizes and business units with more prolonged operations. Due to their positive effect on productivity, assistance support programs must be extended to more business units. The implication of this research for business is that to provide optimal benefits, support programs should be tailored to the needs of each business unit.

PENGARUH PENERAPAN PP 23 TAHUN 2018 TERHADAP PENDAFTARAN WAJIB PAJAK DENGAN PEREDARAN BRUTO TERTENTU Immanuel, Riko Ferdinand; Mahi, Benedictus Raksaka
Jesya (Jurnal Ekonomi dan Ekonomi Syariah) Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Artikel Riset Januari 2026
Publisher : LPPM Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Al-Washliyah Sibolga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36778/jesya.v9i1.2598

Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) memiliki peran penting dalam perekonomian Indonesia karena menyerap sebagian besar tenaga kerja nasional serta memberikan kontribusi besar terhadap Produk Domestik Bruto. Namun demikian, tingkat partisipasi UMKM dalam sistem perpajakan masih relatif rendah. Pemerintah kemudian menerapkan perubahan kebijakan presumptive tax melalui Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 23 Tahun 2018 yang menurunkan tarif pajak penghasilan final dari 1 persen menjadi 0,5 persen dengan tujuan meningkatkan kepatuhan pajak dan memperluas basis pajak sektor UMKM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penerapan PP 23 Tahun 2018 terhadap pertambahan jumlah wajib pajak dengan peredaran bruto tertentu yang mendaftar ke Direktorat Jenderal Pajak serta mengidentifikasi faktor internal dan eksternal yang mempengaruhi proses tersebut. Metode penelitian menggunakan analisis data panel dengan pendekatan fixed effect model terhadap data agregat 34 provinsi di Indonesia selama periode 2015–2019. Variabel penelitian meliputi penerapan PP 23 Tahun 2018 sebagai variabel utama serta beberapa variabel kontrol seperti kegiatan Business Development Service, tingkat inflasi, jumlah penerima kredit perbankan, jumlah individu self-employed, dan rasio fasilitas jalan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan PP 23 Tahun 2018 berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pertambahan jumlah wajib pajak dengan peredaran bruto tertentu. Selain itu, variabel jumlah penerima kredit dan self-employed yang mempekerjakan buruh tetap juga berpengaruh positif terhadap pendaftaran wajib pajak baru. Sebaliknya, variabel sosialisasi perpajakan, inflasi, self-employed tanpa pekerja tetap, dan fasilitas jalan tidak menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kebijakan penurunan tarif pajak dan akses terhadap pembiayaan formal menjadi faktor utama yang mendorong formalitas usaha dan peningkatan partisipasi perpajakan UMKM. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah perlu mengintegrasikan kebijakan perpajakan dengan kebijakan penguatan akses pembiayaan dan pengembangan usaha mikro kecil.

AGLOMERASI DAN PERBEDAAN PRODUKTIVITAS PERUSAHAAN DI DALAM DAN DI LUAR KAWASAN BERIKAT Suharyani, Suharyani; Mahi, Benedictus Raksaka
Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol 18, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi dan Pembangunan
Publisher : EP FEB UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jiep.v18i2.24970

Export promotion policies have been implemented in many developing countries, which is implemented as Bonded Zone in Indonesia. There are at least two interesting issues from the Bonded Zone’s existence, related to industrial agglomeration and tax incentives with export share requirement. This study aims to look at the impact of agglomeration on productivity differences between firms located within and outside the Bonded Zone. The object were exporters in industrial sector, while the period was from 2009 to 2016. This study uses twostep Heckman method to overcome the selection bias problem because the usage of tax reporting data. The first phase was probit model of tax compliance equation, while productivity equation in the second stage was estimated using OLS. The estimation outputs show firms within the Bonded Zone are more productive because they receive benefits from industrial agglomeration within the zone, from availability of facilities and infrastructure, labor access and knowledge spillover. As a policy recommendation, economic policies in Indonesia should be directed in the form of place-based policies because they are proven to be able to increase productivity.Keywords: Bonded Zone, productivity, agglomeration, tax incentive, twostep HeckmanJEL classification: H2, H21, F10

Peran Intermediasi Bank Pembangunan Daerah (BPD) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Daerah Berly, Berly; Mahi, Benedictus Raksaka; Mardanugraha, Eugenia
Jurnal Akuntansi dan Bisnis Vol 22, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Accounting Study Program, Faculty Economics and Business, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jab.v22i2.830

This study examines the impact of the intermediary role of 27 Regional Development Banks (RDB) on regional economic growth using county and city panel data for the 2015 – 2019 period. The test uses a fixed effect regression model with control variables of labour force participation rates, education, and local government spending. The findings of this study were the role of RDB intermediation has a significant positive effect in encouraging regional economic growth in all counties and cities. The study found that the impact of third party funds was higher if all of it disbursed into credit on the growth of real Gross Regional Domestic Product per capita. Third-party funds proven to increase capital accumulation channelled through credit, thereby encouraging economic growth. RDB has a role in reducing the obstacles to collecting funds in the district by distributing Third - party funds from the city to credit in the county. The results of the study shows that the impact of consumption and productive credit in county and city showed different results. In the county, consumer credit increases the purchasing power of households, while in the city, productive credit becomes physical capital accumulation with a higher multiplier so that it has a positive effect on economic growth. These results suggest that RDB should improve their active role in credit distribution, both in increasing the number and quality of intermediation, especially for productive use that is evenly distributed throughout the region. RDB needs to increase the capacity of lending, especially through increasing capital. Penelitian ini menguji dampak peran intermediasi 27 BPD terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah menggunakan data panel kabupaten dan kota periode tahun 2015 – 2019. Pengujian menggunakan regresi model efek tetap dengan variabel kontrol tingkat partisipasi angkatan kerja, pendidikan, dan belanja pemerintah daer ah. Hasil penelitian membuktikan peran intermediasi BPD berpengaruh positif signifikan mendorong pertumbuhan PDRB riil per kapita pada keseluruhan kabupaten dan kota. Penelitian menemukan dampak Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK) lebih tinggi apabila seluruhnya disalurkan menjadi kredit terhadap pertumbuhan PDRB riil per kapita. DPK terbukti meningkatkan akumulasi modal yang disalurkan melalui kredit sehingga mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi. BPD berperan mengurangi kendala penghimpunan dana di kabupaten dengan mendistribusikan DPK dari kota menjadi kredit di kabupaten. Hasil penelitian dampak kredit konsumsi dan produktif di kabupaten dan kota menunjukkan hasil berbeda. Di kabupaten kredit konsumsi meningkatkan daya beli rumah tangga, sedangkan di kota kredit produktif menjadi akumulasi modal fisik dengan multiplier lebih tinggi sehingga berpengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Mengacu konteks pembangunan Indonesia yang masih dalam tahap perkembangan, diperlukan peran aktif penyaluran kredit BPD baik peningkatan jumlah maupun kualitas intermediasi terutama untuk penggunaan produktif yang merata di seluruh daerah. BPD perlu meningkatkan kapasitas penyaluran kredit terutama melalui peningkatan permodalan.

Pengaruh Perbaikan Integritas Terhadap Efisiensi Belanja Pemerintah Daerah Hasan, Hasan; Mahi, Benedictus Raksaka
Jurnal Akuntansi dan Bisnis Vol 21, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Accounting Study Program, Faculty Economics and Business, Universitas Sebelas Maret

This study aims to examine the effect of local government integrity on local government spending efficiency. This study uses the budget management index variable, which is the most relevant variable in the Integrity Assessment Survey constituent variables with regional expenditures. The sample in this study was 74 districts or cities in Indonesia using 2019 data. A two-step method was used in this study. The first method is Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) which is used to determine the relative efficiency of the Regional Government with inputs in the form of total expenditure realization and output in the form of Economic Growth, Human Development Index, and the number of people who are not included in the category of poor people. After the efficiency value is determined, the next step is to test the effect of integrity on efficiency, using the multiple linear regression method. This study found that integrity in budget management has a positive and significant effect on the efficiency of local government spending. In other words, the less integrity a local government has, the higher the production costs and the less efficient the production process. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh integritas pemerintah daerah terhadap efisiensi belanja pemerintah daerah. Penelitian ini menggunakan variabel indeks pengelolaan anggaran yang merupakan variabel penyusun Survei Penilaian Integritas yang paling relevan dengan belanja daerah. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 74 kabupaten atau kota di Indonesia menggunakan data tahun 2019. Dua langkah metode digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Metode pertama yaitu Data Envelopment Analisys (DEA) yang digunakan untuk menentukan efisiensi relatif dari pemerintah daerah dengan input berupa realisasi belanja total dan output berupa Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia, dan jumlah penduduk yang tidak termasuk dalam kategori penduduk miskin. Setelah nilai efisiensi ditentukan, langkah berikutnya untuk menguji pengaruh integritas terhadap efisiensi, digunakan metode regresi linier berganda. Penelitian ini menemukan jika integritas dalam pengelolaan anggaran berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap efisiensi belanja pemerintah daerah. Dengan kata lain, semakin tidak berintegritas suatu pemerintahan daerah, maka biaya produksi akan semakin tinggi dan proses produksi menjadi kurang efisien.

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