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All Journal Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
M. Besari Adi Pramono, M. Besari Adi
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

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The Level of Depression in Third Trimester Pregnancy, With and Without Anemia Primada, Lyla Fitrania; Wardani, Natalia Dewi; Pramono, M. Besari Adi
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 24, No 1 (2024): January
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v24i1.18655

Abstract

Anemia is a health problem worldwide, especially in pregnancy, as it can cause depression. Antenatal depression can cause impaired fetal growth and development, bleeding and abortion, prematurity, low birth weight babies, and postpartum depression. This research aims to determine the difference in levels of depression between anemia and non-anemia in the third trimester of pregnancy. It is an observational study with a cross-sectional design. The samples were 75 last-trimester pregnant women who did antenatal care in Diponegoro National and Amino Gondohutomo Hospital, and also Halmahera and Ngesrep Health Center in Semarang and willling to be respondents selected using a purposive sampling method. Data collection used a validated Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) questionnaire with a Content Validity Index (CVI) of 1.00 and a reliability of 0.706. Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis were utilized to analyze data. There were 38 respondents with anemia and 37 respondents without anemia. The 12 respondents (31.6%) with anemia had a risk of depression, and 13 respondents (35.1%) without anemia had a risk of depression. There was no significant difference in the level of depression in the third trimester of pregnancy with and without anemia (P0,05). 
Low sEng Level in Preeclampsia with MFTHFR Gene Polymorphism Suggesting a Protective Factor Pramono, M. Besari Adi; Faradz, Sultana MH; Suhartono, Suhartono; Susanto, Hardhono; Rachmawati, Banundari; Pramono, Noor
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 11, No 3 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v11i3.29375

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia is one of the most serious complications of pregnancy and the leading cause of maternal and fetal mortality. Various studies have shown that Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) deficiency and increased Soluble endoglin (sEng) level are consistently associated with the incidence of preeclampsia. Several studies also show the role of MTHFR A1298C and C677T gene polymorphisms in preeclampsia.Objective: This study investigated association between blood GPx, sEng levels, MTHFR A1298C and C677T gene polymorphisms in Preeclampsia.Methods: This analytic observational case-control study was conducted on 70 cases of preeclampsia and 70 controls. Blood GPx and sEng levels were measured using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). MTHFR A1298C and C677T gene polymorphism was genotyped using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The data obtained were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, and independent T-test.Results: There were no significant differences in GPx levels or MTHFR A1298C/C677T genotype distribution between groups. sEng levels were significantly higher in the preeclampsia group than controls (p=0.001). ROC analysis identified a cut-off of 7.75 ng/mL. Among preeclampsia patients, those with the MTHFR 1298AC/CC genotypes had lower sEng levels than wildtype (p=0.027), suggesting a potential protective effect. No association was found for C677T.Conclusion: We found no significant difference in GPx level, MTHFR A1298C and C677T gene polymorphism between preeclampsia and control group. Soluble endoglin (sEng) level in the preeclampsia group (mean: 11.0±5.22) were significantly different (p=0.001) compared to the control group (mean: 8.1±5.31). Increased level of sEng is associated with incidence of preeclampsia. A key finding in this study is the significantly lower sEng levels observed in preeclampsia patients carrying the MTHFR 1298AC and 1298CC alleles compared to the control group (p=0.027). This indicates a protective factor where in preeclampsia with MTHFR gene alleles 1298AC and 1298CC sEng levels are lower compared to wildtype.
Co-Authors Banundari Rachmawati Hardhono Susanto Natalia Dewi Wardani Noor Pramono Primada, Lyla Fitrania Sultana MH Faradz