Tatacipta Dirgantara, Tatacipta
Lightweight Structures Research Group, Aeronautics & Astronautics Department Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Journal : Mesin

Development of a 3D Gait Measurement Protocol for Amputees Walking on Treadmill Mahyuddin, Andi Isra; Ferryanto, F; Herman, Indria; Mihradi, Sandro; Dirgantara, Tatacipta
Mesin Vol 26, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Mesin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1207.701 KB) | DOI: 10.5614/MESIN.2017.26.1.4

Abstract

Walking motion is actually a complex activity since it involves many body parts, especially the lower limb. Due to the needs for gait analysis in many medical applications, Biomechanics Research Team at ITB has developed an affordable optical motion analyzer to measure motions of subject walking over ground. However, the needs for multicycles gait data is better met by measuring subjects walking on treadmill. This paper discusses the modification of the developed motion analyzer to accommodate data acquisition of subject walking on treadmill, including those of transfemoral amputees. Seven markers, two 95 fps cameras, a dual-channel Camera Link Acquisition NI PCIe-1430 frame grabber, and a workstation are employed in the optical motion analyzer system. The speed displayed on the treadmill is evaluated. Additional equipment such as the modified hydraulic engine crane and the body harness are introduced to ensure the safety of amputees and avoid the risk of falling down while walking on the treadmill. The modified motion analyzer system is then used to obtain gait parameters of normal (37 males and 31 females) and three amputee subjects. The gait parameters of normal subjects in the treadmill walking shows that there is a decrease in the stride length and range of motion, and increase in the cadence due to walking adaptation. There are also phase shifting and increase in the range of motion for amputee subjects compared to the normal subjects which imply that there is an extra work done by the residual limb in doing walking movement and the amputee subjects try to balance their walking on the treadmill.
Karakterisasi Sifat Mekanik Mild Steel St37 dan High Strength Steel CR420LA pada Laju Regangan Menengah Gunawan, Leonardo; Dimas, Agustinus; Jusuf, Annisa; Dirgantara, Tatacipta; Putra, Ichsan Setya
Mesin Vol 25, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Mesin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (681.695 KB)

Abstract

Untuk mendapatkan prediksi respon yang cukup akurat dalam analisis tabrakan kendaraan darat, dimana terjadi pembebanan dan deformasi struktur dalam waktu yang cepat, diperlukan data sifat mekanik material pada berbagai laju regangan. Makalah ini menyajikan pengukuran sifat mekanik Mild Steel St37 dan High Strength Steel CR420LA pada kondisi kuasi-statik dengan laju regangan 0.001 s-1 dan pada kondisi dinamik dengan laju regangan 0.1 s-1, 1 s-1, 10 s-1, dan 100 s-1. Dalam pengujian, data beban terhadap waktu direkam menggunakan load cell, sedangkan data perpindahan terhadap waktu diperoleh menggunakan ekstensometer untuk uji kuasi-statik dan menggunakan kamera kecepatan tinggi diikuti dengan perhitungan regangan berdasarkan metode Korelasi Citra Digital (KCD) untuk kondisi dinamik. Hasil pengukuran menunjukan bahwa baja St37 dan CR420LA termasuk ke dalam jenis material yang sensitif terhadap laju regangan, dimana tegangan luluh material meningkat dengan naiknya laju regangan pada material.
PERANCANGAN MEKANISME MOTOR STIRLING BERKAPASITAS 1 kW Hardianto, Toto; Suharto, Djoko; Dirgantara, Tatacipta
Mesin Vol 16, No 2 (2001)
Publisher : Mesin

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Abstract

The Stirling engine is an external combustion engine for converting the thermal energy into mechanical energy. This engine uses a Stirling cycle, which theoretically could have high thermal efficiency, which is as high as a Carnot cycle operating at a similar condition.This paper deals with a design process of Stirling engine’s mechanism stressing on the kinematics and dynamics aspects. Thermodynamics and geometry parameters are the inputs required for designing the Stirling engine’s mechanism. Material aspect has not been included in the design. The main parameters analyzed are: engine’s rotational speed, working temperature, cylinder’s pressure, inertial forces and power output.The results of the design are useful to give an overall picture of the main dimensions of a Stirling engine. Detail calculations are still needed for more advanced design.
Design and Fabrication of Ball Punch Deformation Test of Metallic Sheet Material Asti Rosalia, Citra; Wicaksono, Satrio; Dirgantara, Tatacipta; Basuki, Arif; Setya Putra, Ichsan
Mesin Vol 27, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Mesin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (815.283 KB)

Abstract

Predicting the behavior of sheet metal in forming process is very important to avoid material failure. The strain limit of sheet metals before tearing occurs is attainable in Forming Limit Diagram (FLD), which can be obtained experimentally or theoretically. Experimentally, FLD of a sheet metal can be achieved by performing ball punch deformation test. Unfortunately, commercially available ball punch deformation test apparatus is still very expensive. In this paper, the design, fabrication and testing process of more affordable ball punch deformation test apparatus is be presented. The ball punch apparatus has indenter?s diameter of 22.4 mm, which capable to tear 0.2-2.0 mm thick specimen blanks with maximum capacity of 200 kN. The test results are then compared with other commercially available ball punch deformation test apparatus results in the literature, and show very good agreement.
Karakterisasi Sifat Mekanik Mild Steel St37 dan High Strength Steel CR420LA pada Laju Regangan Menengah Leonardo Gunawan; Agustinus Dimas; Annisa Jusuf; Tatacipta Dirgantara; Ichsan Setya Putra
Mesin Vol. 25 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Mesin

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Abstract

Untuk mendapatkan prediksi respon yang cukup akurat dalam analisis tabrakan kendaraan darat, dimana terjadi pembebanan dan deformasi struktur dalam waktu yang cepat, diperlukan data sifat mekanik material pada berbagai laju regangan. Makalah ini menyajikan pengukuran sifat mekanik Mild Steel St37 dan High Strength Steel CR420LA pada kondisi kuasi-statik dengan laju regangan 0.001 s-1 dan pada kondisi dinamik dengan laju regangan 0.1 s-1, 1 s-1, 10 s-1, dan 100 s-1. Dalam pengujian, data beban terhadap waktu direkam menggunakan load cell, sedangkan data perpindahan terhadap waktu diperoleh menggunakan ekstensometer untuk uji kuasi-statik dan menggunakan kamera kecepatan tinggi diikuti dengan perhitungan regangan berdasarkan metode Korelasi Citra Digital (KCD) untuk kondisi dinamik. Hasil pengukuran menunjukan bahwa baja St37 dan CR420LA termasuk ke dalam jenis material yang sensitif terhadap laju regangan, dimana tegangan luluh material meningkat dengan naiknya laju regangan pada material.
PERANCANGAN MEKANISME MOTOR STIRLING BERKAPASITAS 1 kW Toto Hardianto; Djoko Suharto; Tatacipta Dirgantara
Mesin Vol. 16 No. 2 (2001)
Publisher : Mesin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The Stirling engine is an external combustion engine for converting the thermal energy into mechanical energy. This engine uses a Stirling cycle, which theoretically could have high thermal efficiency, which is as high as a Carnot cycle operating at a similar condition.This paper deals with a design process of Stirling engine's mechanism stressing on the kinematics and dynamics aspects. Thermodynamics and geometry parameters are the inputs required for designing the Stirling engine's mechanism. Material aspect has not been included in the design. The main parameters analyzed are: engine's rotational speed, working temperature, cylinder's pressure, inertial forces and power output.The results of the design are useful to give an overall picture of the main dimensions of a Stirling engine. Detail calculations are still needed for more advanced design.
Development of a 3D Gait Measurement Protocol for Amputees Walking on Treadmill Andi Isra Mahyuddin; F Ferryanto; Indria Herman; Sandro Mihradi; Tatacipta Dirgantara
Mesin Vol. 26 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Mesin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/MESIN.2017.26.1.4

Abstract

Walking motion is actually a complex activity since it involves many body parts, especially the lower limb. Due to the needs for gait analysis in many medical applications, Biomechanics Research Team at ITB has developed an affordable optical motion analyzer to measure motions of subject walking over ground. However, the needs for multicycles gait data is better met by measuring subjects walking on treadmill. This paper discusses the modification of the developed motion analyzer to accommodate data acquisition of subject walking on treadmill, including those of transfemoral amputees. Seven markers, two 95 fps cameras, a dual-channel Camera Link Acquisition NI PCIe-1430 frame grabber, and a workstation are employed in the optical motion analyzer system. The speed displayed on the treadmill is evaluated. Additional equipment such as the modified hydraulic engine crane and the body harness are introduced to ensure the safety of amputees and avoid the risk of falling down while walking on the treadmill. The modified motion analyzer system is then used to obtain gait parameters of normal (37 males and 31 females) and three amputee subjects. The gait parameters of normal subjects in the treadmill walking shows that there is a decrease in the stride length and range of motion, and increase in the cadence due to walking adaptation. There are also phase shifting and increase in the range of motion for amputee subjects compared to the normal subjects which imply that there is an extra work done by the residual limb in doing walking movement and the amputee subjects try to balance their walking on the treadmill.
Design and Fabrication of Ball Punch Deformation Test of Metallic Sheet Material Citra Asti Rosalia; Satrio Wicaksono; Tatacipta Dirgantara; Arif Basuki; Ichsan Setya Putra
Mesin Vol. 27 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Mesin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Predicting the behavior of sheet metal in forming process is very important to avoid material failure. The strain limit of sheet metals before tearing occurs is attainable in Forming Limit Diagram (FLD), which can be obtained experimentally or theoretically. Experimentally, FLD of a sheet metal can be achieved by performing ball punch deformation test. Unfortunately, commercially available ball punch deformation test apparatus is still very expensive. In this paper, the design, fabrication and testing process of more affordable ball punch deformation test apparatus is be presented. The ball punch apparatus has indenter's diameter of 22.4 mm, which capable to tear 0.2-2.0 mm thick specimen blanks with maximum capacity of 200 kN. The test results are then compared with other commercially available ball punch deformation test apparatus results in the literature, and show very good agreement.
Pengaruh Faktor dan Mekanisme Pengerasan Regangan pada Baja Hadfield Haris Wahyudi; Tatacipta Dirgantara; Rochim Suratman; Aditianto Ramelan
Mesin Vol. 27 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Mesin

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Abstract

Abstract. Hadfield steel has good toughness, ductility, impact resistance, wear resistance and has excellent work hardening. It has a carbon content of 1-1.4% and manganese 11-14% by weight, a ratio of approximately 1:10. The potential for increasing its strength against strain hardening can be seen from the wide range of plastic strength, 379 MPa yield strength and 965 MPa tensile strength. The hardening of Hadfield steel strain depends on the type loading which affect the dislocation slip mechanism, twinning deformation, and the interaction between slip and twinning. The study of high strain rates in Hadfield steel is quite interesting and still relevant to date, although there have been many papers published. Hadfield cast steel which has a relatively low hardness, can be increased its hardness by treatment and high work hardening (high strain rate). There are factors that influence the hardness of Hadfield steel include alloying, solid solution process and high work hardening. Nitrogen as austenite stabilizer is important for work hardening, chromium and vanadium are added to increase hardness because it will form carbides, and aluminum is added to increase wear resistance. High strain rate deformation is applied to provide improved strength because of propensity of twinning mechanism is likely to occur. Optimum strain hardening by twinning mechanism can only be achieved at critical impact energy. Explosive hardening generates small deformations but provides significant changes in mechanical properties.Abstrak. Baja Hadfield memiliki sifat ketangguhan, keuletan, ketahanan impak, ketahanan terhadap aus dan memiliki work hardening yang sangat baik. Memiliki kandungan unsur karbon 1-1,4% dan mangan 11-14% berat, rasio kurang lebih 1:10. Potensi peningkatan kekuatan terhadap pengerasan regangan, dapat dilihat dari rentang kekuatan plastis yang lebar, kekuatan luluh 379 MPa dan kekuatan tarik 965 MPa. Pengerasan regangan baja Hadfield tergantung kepada proses pembebanan melalui mekanisme slip dislokasi, deformasi twinning, serta interaksi antara slip dan twinning. Kajian tentang high strain rate pada baja Hadfield menjadi topik yang cukup menarik dan relevan, meskipun telah banyak publikasi yang dihasilkan. Baja Hadfield yang memiliki kekerasan relatif rendah, mampu ditingkatkan nilai kekerasannya melalui rekayasa perlakuan panas dan deformasi plastis secara cepat. Beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi kekerasan baja Hadfield antara lain bahan paduan, perlakuan panas dan proses pengerasan regangan yang diberikan. Nitrogen sebagai penstabil austenit penting untuk pengerjaan dingin, kromium dan vanadium ditambahkan untuk meningkatkan kekerasan karena akan membentuk karbida, dan aluminum ditambahkan untuk meningkatkan ketahanan aus. Deformasi kecepatan regangan tinggi pada Hadfield memberikan peningkatan kekuatan lebih baik karena mekanisme twinning lebih dominan. Pengerasan regangan optimum oleh mekanisme twinning hanya dapat dicapai pada energi impak kritikal. Explosive hardening menghasilkan deformasi yang relatif kecil tetapi memberikan perubahan sifat mekanik yang signifikan.
Analisis Struktur Octet-Truss Lattice Sebagai Struktur Penyerap Energi Pada Subfloor Helikopter I Ketut Adi Sentana Putra; Sigit Puji Santosa; Tatacipta Dirgantara; Annisa Jusuf
Mesin Vol. 27 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Mesin

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Abstract

Semakin meningkatnya penggunaan helikopter dalam transportasi udara menyebabkan semakin meningkatnya peluang terjadinya kecelakaan. Sebagian besar kecelakaan pada helikopter adalah jatuh dan merusak bagian bawah struktur badan helikopter (subfloor) akibat beban dinamik. Untuk meningkatkan keamanan dan mengurangi resiko terjadinya cedera fatal pada penumpang perlu dilakukan kajian crashworthiness pada helikopter.Salah satu cara manajemen energi serap pada struktur helikopter terhadap tabrakan adalah dengan mengoptimalkan struktur penyerap energi. Peningkatan energi serap dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan geometri lattice sebagai struktur penyerap energi. Struktur lattice merupakan solusi yang menjanjikan untuk dipergunakan sebagai struktur penyerap energi impak. Tugas akhir ini difokuskan untuk melakukan studi mengenai karakteristik respon octet-truss lattice ketika dikenakan beban impak dan pengaplikasiannya pada struktur subfloor helikopter dengan metode elemen hingga. Analisis  numerik untuk studi perbandingan konfigurasi struktur cruciform, struktur octet-truss lattice bertumpuk uniform dengan octet-truss lattice bertumpuk double taper sebagai struktur penyerap energi. Dengan adanya teknologi manufaktur aditif, struktur lattice dapat dengan mudah diproduksi menggunakan teknik selective laser sintering (SLS). Material yang digunakan dalam simulasi numerik berupa paduan alumunium AlSi-12 hasil manufaktur SLS. Hasil konfigurasi lattice akan digunakan pada subfloor helikopter dan  dibandingkan dengan struktur cruciform. Setelah dilakukan simulasi numerik dengan metode elemen hingga akan dilihat struktur mana yang mempunyai specific energy absorb tertinggi . Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa struktur lattice dengan konfigurasi double taper memiliki specific energy absorb tetinggi sebesar 34.44 kJ/kg. Dari hasil pemodelan elemen hingga didapat konfigurasi octet-truss lattice dengan double taper memiliki potensi yang besar sebagai struktur penyerap energi dimasa depan.