Diandra Preludio Ramada, Diandra Preludio
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Reimagining Criminal Liability in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Toward a Comparative and Reform-Oriented Legal Framework Maskur, Muhammad Azil; Masyhar, Ali; Damayanti, Ratih; Ramada, Diandra Preludio; Sanyal, Subhra
Journal of Law and Legal Reform Vol. 6 No. 4 (2025): October, 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jllr.v6i4.35540

Abstract

As artificial intelligence (AI) systems increasingly permeate decision-making processes across sectors—from autonomous vehicles to predictive algorithms in finance and law enforcement—traditional frameworks of criminal liability face unprecedented challenges. This article critically examines the adequacy of existing criminal law doctrines in attributing liability when harm arises from autonomous or semi-autonomous AI actions. It explores the tension between actus reus and mens rea in cases involving algorithmic behavior, and interrogates whether AI entities can or should be treated as legal subjects under penal law. Through a comparative legal analysis of jurisdictions including the United States, the European Union, Japan, and Indonesia, the study identifies divergent approaches to regulating AI-related harm and assigning culpability. The article highlights emerging models such as strict liability, vicarious liability, and hybrid regulatory frameworks, and evaluates their potential for adaptation within Indonesia’s evolving legal system. Special attention is given to the role of developers, corporations, and state actors in shaping accountability mechanisms. The paper concludes by proposing a normative framework for reimagining criminal liability in the age of AI—one that balances innovation with legal certainty, and integrates ethical safeguards, technological transparency, and procedural fairness. This framework aims to inform future legislative reform in Indonesia and contribute to global discourse on AI governance and criminal justice.
REALITY OF PROTECTION FOR SEXUAL VIOLENCE VICTIMS: COMPREHENSIVE PROTECTION ANALYSIS FOR SEXUAL VIOLENCE VICTIMS Ramada, Diandra Preludio
IJCLS (Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies) Vol 2, No 2 (2017): November 2017 Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcls.v2i2.12324

Abstract

Lack of research on victims, especially victims of sexual crimes, whereas cases of sexual crimes are increasingly prevalent in the community. Victim protection is urgently needed to address the increasing number of victims who are not immediately noticed as law enforcers pay more attention to the perpetrators, while victims who suffer physically and psychologically, materially and spiritually, are largely ignored. There are two things that make the offer of protection become important for the victim. First, how to make victims for whom the protection is held, they feel that they are given a sense of security and comfort as citizens protected from the evil that constantly lurks. Second, how to ensure that protection institutions can be achieved with adequate social, economic and cultural aspects.This research aims to find two important things: (1). Finding framework and system of victim protection innovation in Semarang (2). Find and understand the most urgent needs of victims for psychological and physical recovery so that victims can reactivate like other citizens. The benefit of this research is to provide scientific information about the opportunities and barriers to the application of innovative protection for victims in the environment. Thus, the institution can be built especially for victims of sexual violence, as well as the preparation of aspirative and compatible programsThe research method used is qualitative research that rely on information from the first hand, both concerning the application of innovation protection and efforts to find the framework of innovation, it will be pursued stages of research stages, ranging from the determination of the object and place of research, the determination of unit analysis and observation unit, to intensive research in the field. Preliminary information was collected through a survey with questionnaires and interview guides. In addition, focus groups will be set up based on the diversity of informants. The deepening of the data is done by combining in-depth interviews and focused discussions.The findings of this research will result in a model of protection that has legitimacy for the community. The protection model is in great demand and beneficial to victims who have not been noticed.
Unveiling the Surge in Corruption: A Menacing Threat to Indonesia's Stability in Anti-Corruption Law Reform Ramada, Diandra Preludio; Utari, Indah Sri
Journal of Law and Legal Reform Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Contemporary Global Issues on Law Reform, Legal Certainty, and Justice
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jllr.vol5i1.2092

Abstract

This study delves into the persistent challenges of corruption in Indonesia despite extensive anti-corruption initiatives. By examining the multifaceted modus operandi across various institutions, we uncover the menacing threat corruption poses to the stability of the nation. The analysis explores structural, cultural, instrumental, and management barriers hindering anti-corruption measures, emphasizing the urgent need for comprehensive reforms. Drawing insights from Law Number 31 of 1999, which classifies corruption actions, including bribery and conflicts of interest, this research underscores the gravity of corruption's impact on state finances, politics, and the economy. To effectively combat this menace, we propose a strategic approach, including the redesign of public services, enhanced transparency, oversight, and sanctions, and the empowerment of mechanisms supporting corruption prevention. In light of these findings, the study advocates for an integrated law enforcement strategy, international cooperation, and harmonized regulations to strengthen Indonesia's resolve in anti-corruption efforts. The proposed reforms aim not only to curb corruption but also to fortify the stability of the nation, reflecting a crucial step towards a more transparent and accountable governance system.
The Digital Sanctuary: Forging Legal And Ethical Frameworks For Interfaith Coexistence Online Utari, Indah Sri; Ramada, Diandra Preludio; Kamal, Ubaidillah; Damayanti, Ratih; Alias , Nizamuddin
Contemporary Issues on Interfaith Law and Society Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Digital Society and Interfaith Legal Challenges
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ciils.v4i2.35309

Abstract

The internet has profoundly transformed interfaith relations, offering an unprecedented global arena for dialogue and community building. Yet this transformative power is shadowed by a growing threat: the digital space is increasingly weaponized as a battleground for religious tensions, fueled by hate speech, misinformation, and targeted harassment. The absence of robust legal and ethical frameworks tailored to the complexities of online interaction leaves interfaith communities vulnerable and undermines genuine cooperation. This article introduces the conceptual model of a “digital sanctuary”—a deliberately designed and protected online space where diverse faiths can coexist and flourish. Achieving this ideal is not an organic outcome of technology but requires intentional, multi-faceted efforts from all stakeholders. The paper critically examines regulatory gaps and ethical dilemmas obstructing interfaith harmony online, highlighting the limitations of fragmented national laws in a borderless environment and analyzing the responsibilities of technology platforms. We advocate moving beyond simple content moderation toward a proactive, rights-based approach that prioritizes the safety and dignity of religious minorities. By proposing a model of “digital jurisprudence,” the article calls for holistic guidelines that extend beyond traditional statutes. These include policy recommendations for algorithmic transparency, community-led dialogue, and greater international cooperation to establish standards that balance freedom of expression with protection from religious incitement. Ultimately, the paper contends that the future of peaceful interfaith coexistence depends on transforming the digital realm from a passive, ungoverned space into a resilient ecosystem where principles of mutual respect are systematically protected and nurtured
Illegal Nickel Mining in Protected Forests: Challenges in Whistleblower and Justice Collaborator Protection in Indonesia Utari, Indah Sri; Maskur, Muhammad Azil; Sumardiana, Benny; Ramada, Diandra Preludio; Alias, Nizamuddin
Indonesian Journal of Environmental Law and Sustainable Development Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): July-December, 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijel.v4i2.38220

Abstract

The systematic destruction of Indonesia’s Protected Forests—particularly in Southeast and Central Sulawesi—driven by illegal nickel mining operations poses an acute challenge to environmental rule of law. Utilizing data from recent cases (2023–2025) involving large-scale violations, such as those reported in the Mandiodo Block, this article critically assesses the effectiveness of existing legal mechanisms in protecting and utilizing key informants: the Corporate Whistleblower (WB) and the Justice Collaborator (JC). The analysis finds a significant gap between the legal mandate for protection and its implementation. Although Law No. 32/2009 (PPLH Law) guarantees identity confidentiality (Article 112), its utility is undermined by evidence of frequent retaliation against WBs—including job termination and counter-criminalization—by powerful corporate entities implicated in illegal nickel activities. Furthermore, the application of Law No. 31/2014 (LPSK Law) to grant JC status is often hindered by the reluctance of the judiciary to offer substantial sentencing concessions for environmental crimes, unlike in corruption cases. This reluctance limits the incentive for internal perpetrators to expose the Beneficial Owners who orchestrate the destruction of protected forest areas (e.g., the reported illegal clearing of hundreds of hectares for nickel ore extraction). This study concludes that the failure to establish robust, integrated legal immunity and sufficient sentencing differentiation for WBs and JCs transforms these protective instruments from effective crime-fighting tools into mere theoretical provisions. To successfully dismantle the complex, high-value chain of illegal nickel mining, the article recommends establishing a Specialized Penal Policy that standardizes the granting of JC status in environmental crimes, ensuring maximum physical and professional protection by the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK), and mandating its consideration for reduced sentencing to effectively breach the corporate veil.
Legal Protection for Child Sexual Violence Victims: Victimology Perspectives, Challenges, and Policy Solutions in Asia Utari, Indah Sri; Kamal, Ubaidillah; Ramada, Diandra Preludio; Sumardiana, Benny; Nunna, Bhanu Prakash
Jurnal Suara Hukum Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Suara Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This study critically examines the implementation and effectiveness of legal protection mechanisms for child victims of sexual violence across selected Asian-majority countries. While many nations in the region have ratified international conventions (such as the CRC) and enacted specialized domestic legislation, the reality of enforcement is often undermined by socio-cultural dynamics and systemic weaknesses. Employing a victimology framework, this research analyzes the factors contributing to revictimization and the specific challenges faced by children navigating the criminal justice system within contexts characterized by strong familial hierarchy, community privacy norms, and prevalent gender biases. The study identifies three core implementation challenges common across the region: 1) the pervasive influence of stigma and victim-blaming rooted in traditional values, leading to underreporting and case withdrawal; 2) procedural inadequacies within law enforcement and judicial sectors, resulting in non-trauma-informed practices and secondary harm; and 3) the failure to effectively deliver restitution and holistic rehabilitation services due to funding gaps and lack of integrated inter-agency cooperation. Drawing upon comparative case analysis, this paper proposes alternative solutions that are culturally sensitive yet legally robust. Key recommendations include implementing mandatory specialized judicial training focused on child psychology and trauma-informed interviews, establishing state-funded victim compensation and rehabilitation schemes independent of criminal prosecution outcomes, and promoting community-level restorative justice initiatives that prioritize the child's well-being over solely punitive measures. Ultimately, this study advocates for a paradigm shift from a purely punitive legal response to a comprehensive, victim-centered approach tailored to the unique societal structures of Asian-majority countries.