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All Journal El-Barka: Journal of Islamic Economics and Business Al-Syakhsiyyah : Journal of Law and Family Studies Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan El-Ahli : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Jurnal Antologi Hukum El Dusturie: Jurnal Hukum dan Perundang-undangan Jurnal Pengabdian Digital dan Rekayasa Informatika (JARDIRA) Jurnal Kajian Hukum dan Sosial
Umarwan Sutopo
Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo
Religion Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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Menguak Relasi Agama dan Negara Dalam Sistem Ketatanegaraan Di Indonesia Sutopo, Umarwan; Basri, Achmad Hasan
Al-Syakhsiyyah: Journal of Law and Family Studies Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Shariah UIN Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/syakhsiyyah.v5i1.6162

Abstract

Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang relasi agama dan Negara serta relevansi hubungan tersebut dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara, serta kaitannya di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif normative dengan pendekatan pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan melalui Al Qur’an, Hadis, Ijma’ dan Kiyas serta perundang-undangan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Islam dan negara keduanya merupakan hal berbeda, pertama adalah agama yang bersifat transendental dan suci sedang yang kedua adalah hasil peradaban manusia dalam pengaturan hubungan sesama manusia. Namun demikian, dalam perkembangannya terdapat semacam dialektika yang unik, dimana para ulama dan cendekiawan berpandangan bahwa keduanya memiliki relasi yang kuat tidak hanya berasal dari kesimpulan ulama kontemporer, melainkan memiliki sejarah panjang sejak zaman kenabian Muhammad SAW. Di Indonesia, relasi keduanya tampak dalam sejarah negara ini, pertentangan pemikiran tokoh agamawan dan nasionalis muslim di awal-awal kemerdekaan maupun kontak bersenjata mewarnai bukti relasi keduanya. Namun demikian, pada akhirnya, mayoritas muslim tidak memandang bahwa agama (islam) dan negara tidak perlu dipertentangkan. Keduanya justru perlu dielaborasikan dalam perpaduan yang cantik. Islam bisa dijadikan sebagai landasan spirit yang suci dalam penyelenggaraan kekuasaan atau pemerintahan. Lahirnya kementrian agama, Peradilan agama, UU Pernikahan, maupun perda-perda syariah adalah bentuk-bentuk relasi yang relevan antara agama dan negara di Indonesia.This paper examines the relationship between religion and the state and the relevance of these relationships in the life of the nation and state, as well as their relation in Indonesia. This study uses a descriptive normative research method with a conceptual approach and an approach through the Qur'an, Hadith, Ijma' and Kiyas as well as legislation. The research findings show that Islam and the state are two different things, the first is a religion that is transcendental and sacred while the second is the result of human civilization in regulating human relations. However, in its development there is a unique kind of dialectic, where the scholars and scholars are of the view that the two have a strong relationship not only from the conclusions of contemporary scholars, but also having a long history since the time of the prophethood of Muhammad SAW. In Indonesia, the relationship between the two is evident in the history of this country, the conflicting thoughts of religious figures and Muslim nationalists in the early days of independence and armed contact coloring the evidence of their relationship. However, in the end, the majority of Muslims do not see that religion (Islam) and the state do not need to be contradicted. Both actually need to be elaborated in a beautiful combination. Islam can be used as the basis of a holy spirit in the administration of power or government. The birth of the Ministry of Religion, the Religious Courts, the Marriage Law, as well as Sharia Regional Regulations are forms of relevant relations between religion and the state in Indonesia. 
DTF Technology Innovation and Community-Based Creative Economy in Tegalsari Religious Tourism Village, Ponorogo Rooza Meilia Anggraini; Umarwan Sutopo; Roihana Adibah
JARDIRA – Jurnal Pengabdian Digital dan Rekayasa Informatika Vol. 2, No. 1, January 2026
Publisher : CogniSpectra Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65917/jardira.v2i1.47

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Tegalsari Village, a village in Ponorogo Regency, boasts significant religious tourism potential, with the Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Mosque and Tomb frequently visited by pilgrims from various regions. However, the village lacks a unique product or souvenir that could attract tourists and positively impact the local economy. Currently, the souvenirs offered are sourced from other sources (wholesale) rather than produced by local residents utilizing existing resources. Contribution: This research aims to develop the creative economic skills of local communities through training in making screen-printed t-shirt souvenirs using the DTF technique as a typical village product. Method: Through the ABCD approach (Asset Based Community-Driven Development), this service program involves community members in identifying and developing potential local assets. Results: The results of the community service show an increase in participants' skills in DTF (Direct to Film) screen printing techniques and enthusiasm for developing independent businesses. Conclusion: This program has the potential to increase village original income and support village autonomy through the use of DTF technology
DIALEKTIKA FATWA DAN HUKUM POSITIF DI INDONESIA: Meneguhkan Urgensi dan Posisi Fatwa di Masyarakat Muslim Nusantara Umarwan Sutopo
Justicia Islamica Vol 15 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v15i1.1435

Abstract

Fatwa for the tradition of Islam is one of the media to convey Islamic laws (shariah). Muslim societies have a tendency to ask about many things, marriage, muamalah, jinayah, worship and other issues. In addition, the existence of a fatwa relates to the appreciation and practice of Muslim religion guaranteed by law. The problem is what if between the fatwa and government regulations / positive legal rules there is a disagreement over and above the other? Both with specific laws and with ethnic, cultural and racial diversity in Indonesia. This is evident, for example in cases of blasphemy, fatwa forbidding cigarettes, and the beginning of Ramadhan and Shawwal which are totally different from the provisions of the government. In this position, what is the position and position of the fatwa in the lives of Muslims as religious as well as citizens, and what attitude should be put forward? This study uses descriptive methods on issues that occur in Indonesian society related to the pros and cons of several fatwas with in-depth analysis, then related to the position of fatwa in the positive legal system (which applies), as well as the urgency of fatwas for Muslims in general and Muslims Indonesia specifically. The results of the study revealed that the fatwa for Indonesian Muslims occupied a very urgent area. Although its existence is not included in the positive legal system in Indonesia, if there is an unmatched intersection between the two, then its realization must be addressed wisely, both by the state, fatwa makers and the people of Indonesia.Fatwa bagi tradisi umat islam merupakan salah satu media untuk menyampaikan hukum-hukum islam (shariah). Masyarakat muslim mempunyai kecenderungan untuk bertanya tentang banyak hal, pernikahan, muamalah, jinayah, ibadah dan persoalan-persoalan lainnya. Selain itu, keberadaan fatwa berkaitan dengan penghayatan dan pengamalan agama umat muslim yang dijamin oleh undang-undang. Persoalannya adalah bagaimana jika antara fatwa dengan ketetapan pemerintah/ aturan hukum positif terjadi persinggungan yang tidak selaras apalagi bertolak belakang? Baik dengan hukum secara khusus maupun dengan keanekaragamaan suku, budaya dan ras yang berada di Indonesia. Hal ini mencuat misalnya pada kasus penodaan agama, fatwa keharaman rokok, serta awal ramadhan dan syawal yang sama sekali berbeda dengan ketetapan pemerintah. Pada posisi seperti ini sebenarnya, bagaimana posisi dan kedudukan fatwa dalam kehidupan umat muslim sebagai kaum beragama sekaligus warga negara, serta bagaimana sikap yang seharusnya dikedepankan?. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif terhadap persoalan-persoalan yang terjadi di masyarakat Indonesia terkait pro dan kontra terhadap beberapa fatwa dengan analisis yang mendalam, lalu dikaitkan dengan kedudukan fatwa dalam sistem hukum positif (yang berlaku), serta urgensi fatwa bagi umat islam secara umum dan muslim indonesia secara khusus. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa fatwa bagi umat islam Indonesia menduduki wilayah yang sangat urgen. Meski keberadaannya tidak masuk dalam sistem hukum positif di Indonesia, seandainya ada persinggungan yang tidak seirama antara keduannya, maka perwujudannya harus disikapi secara bijaksana, baik oleh negara, pembuat fatwa dan masyarakat Indonesia.
Presidential Threshold in the 2024 Presidential Elections: Implications for the Benefits of Democracy in Indonesia Umarwan Sutopo; Achmad Hasan Basri; Hilman Rosyidi
Justicia Islamica Vol 21 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/justicia.v21i1.7577

Abstract

Elections are one of the Indonesian people's efforts to elect the best leaders as well as the embodiment of a democratic country. The Presidential Threshold (PT) that applies in the 2024 presidential election (Pilpres) is one of the things that has become a polemic in society. This can be seen in several judicial review processes by the public and groups requesting the abolition of the threshold. With normative research and conceptual and legislative approaches relating to elections in general and presidential elections in particular, this research questions its benefits. The benefit in question is the benefit that returns to the community in particular and the government system that is formed. Through literature study and qualitative analysis, the results showed that the existence of PT contradicts the wrongful benefits and ḍarūrī in the nation's life and democracy. This means the people are limited in choosing presidential and vice-presidential candidates who truly suit their wishes. The nation's best sons and daughters are limited in their rights to nominate themselves as leaders because of the PT. Furthermore, the ruling party has a tremendous opportunity to control the presidential system, both at the legislative and executive levels, and this is undoubtedly contrary to the benefit itself.
Judicial Ethics, Legal Reasoning, and the Validity of Court Decisions: The Paradox of Constitutional Adjudication in Indonesia Umarwan Sutopo; Endrik Safudin; Kholili Badriza
Al-Syakhsiyyah: Journal of Law and Family Studies Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Shariah UIN Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/syakhsiyyah.v8i1.13333

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the correlation between ethical and non-ethical rulings in the Indonesian judicial system, particularly in light of Constitutional Court Decision No. 90/PUU-XXI/2023, which was upheld despite the judge’s ethical violations, as determined by the Constitutional Court’s Honorary Council. The research focuses on the inconsistency between legal norms and judicial practice regarding the implications of ethical violations for the validity of rulings. This study employs a doctrinal legal method with a jurisprudential, conceptual, and critical-analytical approach to legislation, court rulings, and the construction of legal and moral reasoning in judicial practice. Data were analyzed qualitatively through a normative interpretation of the relationship between ethical norms and the legal legitimacy of rulings. The results indicate that the relationship between ethical and non-ethical rulings is paradoxical: normatively, they are integrated, yet in judicial practice, they are treated as separate, meaning that ethical violations do not automatically invalidate legal rulings. This study confirms that ethical and non-ethical rulings rest on different bases of reasoning; thus, they do not directly validate one another, yet they still influence each other within the framework of legal legitimacy, certainty, and justice.
The Abolition of the Presidential Threshold and the Reconstruction of Presidential Nominations: A Political-Legal, Political Economy, and Siyāsah Dustūriyyah Analysis Umarwan Sutopo; Muhammad Ali Murtadlo; Hilman Rosyidi
Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026): Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Publisher : Hukum Keluarga Islam IAIN LANGSA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/qadha.v13i1.14653

Abstract

The Constitutional Court's Decision Number 62/PUU-XXII/2024, which abolishes the presidential threshold, marks an important change in the presidential nomination system in Indonesia. This research aims to analyze the legal-political construction underlying the abolition of the presidential threshold, examine its implications for the political economy structure of elections, and formulate a presidential nomination model that reflects the perspective of siyāsah dustūriyyah. This research is a normative legal study using the statute approach, case approach, conceptual approach, and Islamic legal approach. Data was obtained through library research on legislation, Constitutional Court decisions, and related literature and then analyzed qualitatively. The research results indicate that the removal of the presidential threshold reflects a shift in legal politics from an orientation toward political stability to the strengthening of people's sovereignty, equality of political rights, and a more inclusive democracy. From a political economy perspective, the policy expands political competition and strengthens the opportunities for medium and small parties, but it also has the potential to give rise to new forms of oligarchic dominance through political funding and high campaign costs. From the perspective of siyāsah dustūriyyah, this research offers a model of presidential nomination based on justice and public interest, grounded in open nominations, internal party democracy, political funding reform, equal access to campaigns, and program-based coalition governance to achieve political justice, public welfare, and government stability.
Kebijakan Afirmatif 2% bagi Penyandang Disabilitas dalam Rekrutmen ASN: Telaah Kesetaraan Substantif Perspektif Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah Nuryah; Umarwan Sutopo
El-Dusturie Vol 5 No 2: (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Islam Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/eldusturie.v5i2.13605

Abstract

Abstract: The 2% affirmative action quota for persons with disabilities in the recruitment of Civil Servants (ASN) is a legal instrument designed to address inequality and promote fairer employment opportunities. However, the normative existence of the quota does not necessarily guarantee substantive equality, as barriers remain in access to information and available positions, the selection process, reasonable accommodation, and the creation of an inclusive working environment. This study aims to analyze the legal construction of the 2% affirmative action policy in ASN recruitment and assess its effectiveness in realizing substantive equality from the perspective of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. This study employs normative legal research using statutory and conceptual approaches. The analysis examines the relationship between affirmative action, the merit system, substantive equality, and al-Syatibi’s concept of al-ḍarūriyyāt al-khamsah. The findings show that the 2% quota has a strong legal basis and is not contrary to the merit system. Affirmative action is instead necessary to ensure that persons with disabilities have a genuine opportunity to demonstrate their qualifications and competencies. Nevertheless, its implementation has not fully achieved substantive equality because the fulfillment of the quota is not always accompanied by appropriate job positions, accessibility, reasonable accommodation, assessment based on actual abilities, and an inclusive working environment. From the perspective of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, the policy is consistent with the pursuit of public benefit through the protection of life, intellect, lineage, and property, as well as the principles of jalb al-maṣāliḥ and dar’ al-mafāsid. Therefore, the 2% quota should not be understood as an exception to the merit system, but as a mechanism for ensuring a fairer and more substantive application of merit for persons with disabilities. Keywords: Affirmative Action; Persons with Disabilities; Civil Servant Recruitment; Substantive Equality; Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah. Abstrak:Kebijakan afirmatif kuota 2% bagi penyandang disabilitas dalam rekrutmen Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) merupakan instrumen hukum untuk mengoreksi ketidaksetaraan dan mewujudkan kesempatan kerja yang lebih adil. Namun, keberadaan kuota secara normatif belum sepenuhnya menjamin terwujudnya kesetaraan substantif karena masih ditemukan hambatan dalam akses informasi dan formasi, proses seleksi, penyediaan akomodasi yang layak, serta lingkungan kerja yang inklusif. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis konstruksi hukum kebijakan afirmatif 2% dalam rekrutmen ASN dan menilai efektivitasnya dalam mewujudkan kesetaraan substantif perspektif maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Analisis dilakukan dengan menghubungkan kebijakan afirmatif, sistem merit, kesetaraan substantif, dan konsep al-ḍarūriyyāt al-khamsah dalam pemikiran al-Syatibi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kuota 2% memiliki dasar hukum yang kuat dan tidak bertentangan dengan sistem merit. Afirmasi justru diperlukan untuk memastikan penyandang disabilitas memperoleh kesempatan yang nyata dalam menunjukkan kompetensinya. Namun, implementasinya belum sepenuhnya mencapai kesetaraan substantif karena pemenuhan kuota belum selalu diikuti kesesuaian formasi, aksesibilitas, akomodasi yang layak, penilaian berdasarkan kemampuan aktual, dan lingkungan kerja yang inklusif. Dalam perspektif maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah, kebijakan tersebut sejalan dengan orientasi kemaslahatan melalui perlindungan jiwa, akal, keturunan, dan harta serta prinsip jalb al-maṣāliḥ dan dar’ al-mafāsid. Dengan demikian, kuota 2% perlu dipahami bukan sebagai pengecualian terhadap sistem merit, melainkan sebagai mekanisme untuk mewujudkan penerapan merit yang lebih adil dan substantif bagi penyandang disabilitas.   Kata kunci: Kebijakan Afirmatif; Penyandang Disabilitas; Rekrutmen ASN; Kesetaraan Substantif; Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah.
Co-Authors Achmad Hasan Basri Achmad Hasan Basri Endrik Safudin Hilman Rosyidi Hilman Rosyidi Kholili Badriza Marlon Eka Damara Muhammad Ali Murtadlo Nuryah Popy Anggun Brilianti Rizki Amalia Farhana Rohmah Maulidia Roihana Adibah Rooza Meilia Anggraini Wildah Amalina