Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

Menguak Relasi Agama dan Negara Dalam Sistem Ketatanegaraan Di Indonesia Sutopo, Umarwan; Basri, Achmad Hasan
Al-Syakhsiyyah: Journal of Law & Family Studies Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah IAIN Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/syakhsiyyah.v5i1.6162

Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang relasi agama dan Negara serta relevansi hubungan tersebut dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara, serta kaitannya di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif normative dengan pendekatan pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan melalui Al Qur’an, Hadis, Ijma’ dan Kiyas serta perundang-undangan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Islam dan negara keduanya merupakan hal berbeda, pertama adalah agama yang bersifat transendental dan suci sedang yang kedua adalah hasil peradaban manusia dalam pengaturan hubungan sesama manusia. Namun demikian, dalam perkembangannya terdapat semacam dialektika yang unik, dimana para ulama dan cendekiawan berpandangan bahwa keduanya memiliki relasi yang kuat tidak hanya berasal dari kesimpulan ulama kontemporer, melainkan memiliki sejarah panjang sejak zaman kenabian Muhammad SAW. Di Indonesia, relasi keduanya tampak dalam sejarah negara ini, pertentangan pemikiran tokoh agamawan dan nasionalis muslim di awal-awal kemerdekaan maupun kontak bersenjata mewarnai bukti relasi keduanya. Namun demikian, pada akhirnya, mayoritas muslim tidak memandang bahwa agama (islam) dan negara tidak perlu dipertentangkan. Keduanya justru perlu dielaborasikan dalam perpaduan yang cantik. Islam bisa dijadikan sebagai landasan spirit yang suci dalam penyelenggaraan kekuasaan atau pemerintahan. Lahirnya kementrian agama, Peradilan agama, UU Pernikahan, maupun perda-perda syariah adalah bentuk-bentuk relasi yang relevan antara agama dan negara di Indonesia.This paper examines the relationship between religion and the state and the relevance of these relationships in the life of the nation and state, as well as their relation in Indonesia. This study uses a descriptive normative research method with a conceptual approach and an approach through the Qur'an, Hadith, Ijma' and Kiyas as well as legislation. The research findings show that Islam and the state are two different things, the first is a religion that is transcendental and sacred while the second is the result of human civilization in regulating human relations. However, in its development there is a unique kind of dialectic, where the scholars and scholars are of the view that the two have a strong relationship not only from the conclusions of contemporary scholars, but also having a long history since the time of the prophethood of Muhammad SAW. In Indonesia, the relationship between the two is evident in the history of this country, the conflicting thoughts of religious figures and Muslim nationalists in the early days of independence and armed contact coloring the evidence of their relationship. However, in the end, the majority of Muslims do not see that religion (Islam) and the state do not need to be contradicted. Both actually need to be elaborated in a beautiful combination. Islam can be used as the basis of a holy spirit in the administration of power or government. The birth of the Ministry of Religion, the Religious Courts, the Marriage Law, as well as Sharia Regional Regulations are forms of relevant relations between religion and the state in Indonesia.

Asas Contra Legem Dalam Pembagian Harta Bersama (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Agama Surabaya Nomor 231/Pdt.G/2022/PTA.Sby) Fitrianingrum, Fatimah Azzahra; Basri, Achmad Hasan; Solihin, Rohmad Agus
Syariati: Jurnal Studi Al-Qur'an dan Hukum Vol 10 No 1 (2024): SYARIATI : Jurnal Studi Al Qur'an dan Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum (FSH) UNSIQ

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32699/syariati.v10i1.6725

Pasal 97 Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) mengatur bahwa pembagian harta bersama masing-masing mendapat bagian seperdua bagi duda maupun janda tak selamanya dapat dijadikan sumber acuan dan tak selamanya diikuti oleh pengadilan dalam memutus suatu perkara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif, memanfaatkan pendekatan perundang-undangan, studi kasus serta konseptual. Sumber bahan hukum terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum menggunakan teknik studi pustaka. Teknik analisis bahan hukum dengan menentukan fakta hukum, menghimpun sumber hukum, menganalisis masalah, menarik kesimpulan berdasarkan pertimbangan hukum, dan membuat rekomendasi. Hasil penelitian menyatakan Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Agama Surabaya nomor231/Pdt.G/2022/PTA. Sby mengesampingkan ketentuan Pasal 97 KHI, hakim memutus perkara tersebut secara contra legem dengan alasan bahwa terjadi ketidakseimbangan kontribusi antara suami dan istri, hal ini diperkuat oleh teori keadilan Gustav Radbruch di mana urutan prioritas pertama keadilan, kepastian,dan terakhir finalitas, kemudian teori keadilan distributif Aristoteles yang menyatakan memberi hak seseorang sesuai dengan porsi kemampuan dan prestasinya, serta metode ijtihad istihsan yang menggunakan pertimbangan kemaslahatan khusus daripada dalil umum. Dan mengenai kriteria darurat perkara yang boleh diputus secara contra legem yaitu mempertimbangkan bahwa bilamana perkara tersebut ditolak akan menimbulkan mudharat yang lebih besar disebabkan oleh tidak adanya kepastian hukum

Legislative Policy and Accountability for Pollution Crimes by Ship Operations in Indonesian Waters Huzaeni, Muchamad; Basri, Achmad Hasan
Indonesian Journal of Law and Society Vol 4 No 1 (2023): International Business and Crimes in Modern Society
Publisher : Faculty of Law, University of Jember, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/ijls.v4i1.38415

Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah mengkaji kebijakan legislatif yang mengatur tindak pidana pencemaran di perairan Indonesia berdasarkan UU PPLH dan UU Perkapalan serta pertanggungjawaban pidana bagi pelaku pencemaran di perairan Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan penegakan hukum, pendekatan kasus, dan pendekatan komparatif. Hasil penelitian tersebut merupakan kebijakan legislatif tentang pencemaran di perairan yang diatur dalam UU PPLH dengan UU Perkapalan, telah terjadi ketidakselarasan norma terkait tindak pidana pencemaran di perairan yang dilakukan oleh operasional kapal, ketentuan hukuman pidana atau denda yang berbeda sehingga dalam penerapannya menjadi multitafsir dan akan berdampak pada ketidakpastian. Pertanggungjawaban pidana bagi pelaku pencemaran di perairan dapat diterapkan berdasarkan UU Perkapalan. Terhadap awak kapal yang lalai melakukan pencegahan mengikuti Pasal 324 jo 227 UU Pelayaran. Terhadap kapten, apabila berkaitan dengan pengoperasian kapal di luar ketentuan, serta terhadap siapapun yang berada di dalam kapal yang tidak membutuhkan perintah kapten atau awak kapal yang diilustrasikan oleh Pasal 325 jo 229 UU Pelayaran.

Karakteristik Penyelesaian Perselisihan Pengadaan Barang dan Jasa Pemerintah oleh LKPP Hasan Basri, Achmad; Kholis, Nur; Rato, Dominikus; Arundhati, Gautama Budi
JURNAL RECHTENS Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): Juni
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56013/rechtens.v14i1.4051

This study aims to examine the characteristics of the PBJP dispute settlement conducted by LKPP, as well as legal certainty and the ideal concept of PBJP dispute settlement by LKPP in the future. The method utilized by this study is a normative legal review using a legal regulatory approach that examines a rule of norms and a case approach that is linear with the issues to be resolved. The results of this study show that the characteristics of dispute resolution through mediation and arbitration by an independent and professional LKPP, as well as the adoption of technology in dispute resolution can increase efficiency and transparency in procurement in accordance with the culture of deliberation in Indonesia. The regulation of dispute resolution by LKPP has not provided legal certainty, because the provisions related to dispute resolution that are excluded are contrary to higher regulations and the principles of the agreement, thus not providing legal certainty for the parties. The ideal concept of PBJP dispute resolution in Indonesia can combine local wisdom with technological developments to provide more effective and credible solutions. This will improve the efficiency and transparency of the procurement process, ensure dispute resolution is in line with local culture and values, and provide the desired legal certainty. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini mencoba untuk melihat karakteristik penyelesaian sengketa PBJP yang dilakukan oleh LKPP, serta kepastian hukum dan konsep ideal penyelesaian sengketa PBJP oleh LKPP kedepan. Metode yang dimanfaatkan oleh kajian ini berupa penelaahan hukum normatif dengan memakai pendekatan peraturan yang legal yang menelaah suatu aturan norma serta pendekatan kasus yang linier dengan isu yang akan dipecahkan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Karakteristik penyelesaian sengketa melalui mediasi dan arbitrase oleh LKPP yang independen dan profesional, serta adopsi teknologi dalam penyelesaian sengketa dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan transparansi dalam pengadaan sesuai dengan budaya musyawarah di Indonesia. Pengaturan penyelesaian sengketa oleh LKPP belum memberikan kepastian hukum, karena ketentuan terkait penyelesaian sengketa yang dikecualikan kontrdiktif dengan peraturan di atasnya dan asas-asas perjanjian, sehingga tidak memberikan kepastian hukum bagi para pihak. Konsep ideal penyelesaian sengketa PBJP di Indonesia dapat mengkombinasikan kearifan lokal dengan perkembangan teknologi untuk memberikan solusi yang lebih efektif dan kredibel. Ini akan meningkatkan efisiensi dan transparansi proses pengadaan, memastikan penyelesaian sengketa sesuai dengan budaya dan nilai-nilai lokal, serta memberikan kepastian hukum yang diinginkan. Kata Kunci: Karakteristik, penyelesaian sengketa; PBJP; LKPP

Asas Contra Legem Dalam Pembagian Harta Bersama (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Agama Surabaya Nomor 231/Pdt.G/2022/PTA.Sby) Fitrianingrum, Fatimah Azzahra; Basri, Achmad Hasan; Solihin, Rohmad Agus
Syariati: Jurnal Studi Al-Qur'an dan Hukum Vol 10 No 1 (2024): SYARIATI : Jurnal Studi Al Qur'an dan Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum (FSH) UNSIQ

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32699/syariati.v10i1.6725

Pasal 97 Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) mengatur bahwa pembagian harta bersama masing-masing mendapat bagian seperdua bagi duda maupun janda tak selamanya dapat dijadikan sumber acuan dan tak selamanya diikuti oleh pengadilan dalam memutus suatu perkara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif, memanfaatkan pendekatan perundang-undangan, studi kasus serta konseptual. Sumber bahan hukum terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum menggunakan teknik studi pustaka. Teknik analisis bahan hukum dengan menentukan fakta hukum, menghimpun sumber hukum, menganalisis masalah, menarik kesimpulan berdasarkan pertimbangan hukum, dan membuat rekomendasi. Hasil penelitian menyatakan Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Agama Surabaya nomor231/Pdt.G/2022/PTA. Sby mengesampingkan ketentuan Pasal 97 KHI, hakim memutus perkara tersebut secara contra legem dengan alasan bahwa terjadi ketidakseimbangan kontribusi antara suami dan istri, hal ini diperkuat oleh teori keadilan Gustav Radbruch di mana urutan prioritas pertama keadilan, kepastian,dan terakhir finalitas, kemudian teori keadilan distributif Aristoteles yang menyatakan memberi hak seseorang sesuai dengan porsi kemampuan dan prestasinya, serta metode ijtihad istihsan yang menggunakan pertimbangan kemaslahatan khusus daripada dalil umum. Dan mengenai kriteria darurat perkara yang boleh diputus secara contra legem yaitu mempertimbangkan bahwa bilamana perkara tersebut ditolak akan menimbulkan mudharat yang lebih besar disebabkan oleh tidak adanya kepastian hukum

Menguak Relasi Agama dan Negara Dalam Sistem Ketatanegaraan Di Indonesia Sutopo, Umarwan; Basri, Achmad Hasan
Al-Syakhsiyyah: Journal of Law and Family Studies Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Shariah UIN Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/syakhsiyyah.v5i1.6162

Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang relasi agama dan Negara serta relevansi hubungan tersebut dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara, serta kaitannya di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif normative dengan pendekatan pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan melalui Al Qur’an, Hadis, Ijma’ dan Kiyas serta perundang-undangan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Islam dan negara keduanya merupakan hal berbeda, pertama adalah agama yang bersifat transendental dan suci sedang yang kedua adalah hasil peradaban manusia dalam pengaturan hubungan sesama manusia. Namun demikian, dalam perkembangannya terdapat semacam dialektika yang unik, dimana para ulama dan cendekiawan berpandangan bahwa keduanya memiliki relasi yang kuat tidak hanya berasal dari kesimpulan ulama kontemporer, melainkan memiliki sejarah panjang sejak zaman kenabian Muhammad SAW. Di Indonesia, relasi keduanya tampak dalam sejarah negara ini, pertentangan pemikiran tokoh agamawan dan nasionalis muslim di awal-awal kemerdekaan maupun kontak bersenjata mewarnai bukti relasi keduanya. Namun demikian, pada akhirnya, mayoritas muslim tidak memandang bahwa agama (islam) dan negara tidak perlu dipertentangkan. Keduanya justru perlu dielaborasikan dalam perpaduan yang cantik. Islam bisa dijadikan sebagai landasan spirit yang suci dalam penyelenggaraan kekuasaan atau pemerintahan. Lahirnya kementrian agama, Peradilan agama, UU Pernikahan, maupun perda-perda syariah adalah bentuk-bentuk relasi yang relevan antara agama dan negara di Indonesia.This paper examines the relationship between religion and the state and the relevance of these relationships in the life of the nation and state, as well as their relation in Indonesia. This study uses a descriptive normative research method with a conceptual approach and an approach through the Qur'an, Hadith, Ijma' and Kiyas as well as legislation. The research findings show that Islam and the state are two different things, the first is a religion that is transcendental and sacred while the second is the result of human civilization in regulating human relations. However, in its development there is a unique kind of dialectic, where the scholars and scholars are of the view that the two have a strong relationship not only from the conclusions of contemporary scholars, but also having a long history since the time of the prophethood of Muhammad SAW. In Indonesia, the relationship between the two is evident in the history of this country, the conflicting thoughts of religious figures and Muslim nationalists in the early days of independence and armed contact coloring the evidence of their relationship. However, in the end, the majority of Muslims do not see that religion (Islam) and the state do not need to be contradicted. Both actually need to be elaborated in a beautiful combination. Islam can be used as the basis of a holy spirit in the administration of power or government. The birth of the Ministry of Religion, the Religious Courts, the Marriage Law, as well as Sharia Regional Regulations are forms of relevant relations between religion and the state in Indonesia.

Implementasi Eugenetika Sebagai Alasan Praktik Aborsi Perspektif Hukum Islam Dan Hukum Positif Achmad Fabian Alief; Achmad Hasan Basri
SAKINAH: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): SAKINAH: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam
Publisher : State Islamic University of Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/sakinah.v1i2.38

Abstract: Abortion is a problematic issue in the conception of Positive Law and Islamic Law. Based on these two laws, the problem of abortion lies at the core of its implementation, because legally abortion is positively prohibited on the one hand because it violates human rights, but on the other hand abortion is a right that everyone has. This research has two study focuses, namely: The results of the research are, if viewed from Islamic law and positive law, the implementation of abortion or aborting a fetus is basically prohibited because it takes the life of the baby. However, there are several conditions that can be used as reasons for abortion to be permissible, such as a pregnancy that threatens the life of the mother and a pregnancy caused by rape, provided that this practice has legitimacy which includes advice and considerations from doctors who are experts in their field and authorized institutions. Keywords: Eugenics, Abortion, Islamic Law. Abstrak: Aborsi menjadi permasalahan yang problematis dalam konsepsi Hukum Positif dan Hukum Islam. Berdasarkan kedua hukum tersebut, problem aborsi terletak pada inti pelaksanaannya, karena secara hukum positif aborsi dilarang di satu sisi karena bertentangan dengan HAM akan tetapi di sisi lain aborsi menjadi hak yang dimiliki oleh setiap orang. Penelitian ini memiliki dua fokus kajian yaitu: Adapun asil penelitiannya yaitu, jika ditinjau dari hukum Islam dan hukum positif, penerapan aborsi atau menggugurkan kandungan terhadap janin pada dasarnya dilarang karena hal tersebut menghilangkan nyawa sang bayi. Namun ada beberapa kondisi yang dapat dijadikan alasan sehingga aborsi boleh dilakukan, seperti kandungan yang mengancam keselamatan nyawa ibu dan kehamilan yang disebabkan pemerkosaan, dengan catatan praktik tersebut memiliki legitimasi yang meliputi saran dan pertimbangan dari dokter yang ahli di bidangnya serta lembaga yang berwenang; Kata Kunci: Eugenetika, Aborsi, Hukum Islam.

Konsep Pembebanan Pembuktian Terbalik Dalam Perkara Pengakuan Ayah Biologis (Analisis Putusan Banding No.109/Pdt/2022/Pt Btn) Anjasmara Arrizal Mahfud; Achmad Hasan Basri
SAKINAH: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): SAKINAH: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam
Publisher : State Islamic University of Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/sakinah.v4i1.89

This study examines the application of the reverse burden of proof in a civil case through the Decision of the Banten High Court Number 109/Pdt/2022/PT BTN. The case is noteworthy because the reverse burden of proof is generally applied in special criminal cases such as corruption or money laundering. In this case, however, the judges applied it in a tort case concerning the determination of a biological father, despite the general principle of civil evidence that “whoever asserts a claim must prove it.” This research uses a normative juridical method with conceptual, statutory, comparative, and case approaches. The analysis is based on primary and secondary legal materials to examine the normative framework and the value of substantive justice in the application of the reverse burden of proof. The results show that the judges in the Banten High Court decision adopted a more progressive approach in assessing evidence of a biological father–child relationship. From the perspective of positive law, the judges did not rigidly apply the burden of proof principle under Article 163 HIR or Article 1865 of the Indonesian Civil Code. Instead, they considered the evidentiary difficulties faced by the plaintiff and allowed the possibility of shifting the burden of proof to the defendant, consistent with the spirit of Constitutional Court Decision Number 46/PUU-VIII/2010. From the perspective of Islamic law, this reasoning is consistent with the principle of protecting lineage (ḥifẓ al-nasl) within the framework of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah. Scientific evidence such as DNA testing may be analogized to the concepts of qiyāfah and qarīnah in Islamic jurisprudence for establishing lineage. Thus, the reverse burden of proof in this case is better understood as a situational shifting of the burden of proof aimed at achieving substantive justice and protecting the rights of the child.

Implications of Constitutional Court Decision No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 on the Rights of Children from Marriage Series Islamic Family Law Perspective Achmad Hasan Basri
Kitabaca : Journal of Islamic Studies Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): June
Publisher : International Consortium of Islamic Researchers (ICONIRs) CV. Branded Tech Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66930/kitabaca.v1i1.2

With the issuance of the decision of MK 46 / PUU-VIII / 2010 related to judicial review of article 43 paragraph (1) of the Marriage Law, that children born out of wedlock only have civil relations with their mothers and families. This caused pros and cons among the community, followed by the Fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Accusation of Children Resulting from Zina and Treatment of Him. Therefore, the author is interested in conducting a more in-depth analysis of how the impact of the Constitutional Court decision on the rules or norms relating to the inheritance rights of children from serial marriage in the legal order in Indonesia, as well as how the status of inheritance rights of children resulting from serial marriage according to the compilation of Islamic law. Design/methodology/approach - The method used by this study is in the form of normative legal review using a legal regulatory approach that examines a norm rule and a linear case approach with the issue to be solved. Research limitations/implications – This paper aims to examine more deeply the implications of the Constitutional Court decision No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 on the legal order in Indonesia, more specifically the issue of children's rights. Findings – The issuance of Constitutional Court Decision No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 has implications for the order of marriage norms in Indonesia, especially regarding the position of children from serial marriages. The Constitutional Court formulated a new norm, that children born out of wedlock have ties not only to their mother but also to their biological father. Especially for those who perform istbat marriages or determine the offspring of children, which have been legalized through the decision of the Religious Court get recognition from the state and the rights inherent in it as heirs of their biological father. The norms of inheritance fiqh, which are based on the idea that if the marriage is valid, then the child of that marriage is also valid and has the status of the father's heir. Originality/value – In the above review, it has not been examined regarding the impact of the issuance of the Constitutional Court decision on the legal order in Indonesia, specifically the issue of inheritance rights and other rights that can be obtained from his biological father..

Alat Bukti Elektronik Menurut Hukum Acara Perdata dan Hukum Islam Achmad Hasan Basri
Indonesian Journal of Islamic Law Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019): Indonesia Journal of Islamic Law
Publisher : Postgraduate Programme of UIN Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/ijil.v2i2.606

Abstrack: Modern technology, such as computers and mobile phones, has been widely utilized for its practicality as a tool to help facilitate people to do trade transaction for example. Furthermore, in this digital age, a myriad of virtual transactions have made use of electronic media which enables each party to get involved in the limitless and borderless business. For their security purposes, people use social media to keep their transaction in their account as evidence that they have carried out such online trading to anticipate any breach of contract and other legal issues. Electronic documents are included as legal evidence according to Law No. 11/2008 on information and electronic transactions, thus, it is necessary to analyze them regarding the use of electronic documents as evidence in Indonesian civil law, to find out what criteria that can be referred to make electronic documents as evidence in civil law, and to figure out the position of electronic documents as evidence in civil law reform in Indonesia. The present study is a normative juridical research method that refers to the legal norms and regulations as well as the court decisions and the living norms that develop in society. The research revealed that the use of electronic media can become evidence yet it cannot be used as stand-alone evidence. It must be determined by various components in it such as the need for expert witnesses and the interpretation of judges. Therefore, the present research expects to contribute theoretically in the field of law through which the use of electronic media will be no longer a legal problem and can continue to be used as evidence by the public.

Title

Found 10 Documents
Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 10 Documents Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 10 Documents
Search