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PENDEKATAN POST KOLONIAL DALAM MELIHAT SEJARAH KOLONIALISME DI KALIMANTAN Susanto, Nugroho Nur
Naditira Widya No 16 (2006): Naditira Widya Nomor 16 Oktober 2006
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Kalimantan Selatan

History exist since it is presented rather than appeared of its own accord; the position of history is essential since deals with events taken place in the past and in the future. Actually, today one may alter the past by altering the way of thinking and how the past is interpreted. It is sensible not to be satisfied by interpretation; moreover it has been presented based on the 'power' during colonialism in Kalimantan. Such 'power' will interpret an event according its own point of view. The 'post-colonial' approach is a vital tool to signify the past of Kalimantan. This approach stresses on ethnological-direct-interpretation supported by material approach such as by archaeology.

MAKAM DAN INVASI MILITER Dl TARAKAN Susanto, Nugroho Nur
Naditira Widya Vol 3, No 1 (2009): Naditira Widya Vol. 3 No.1
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Kalimantan Selatan

Up until today the general perspective of a grave is only a burial marker. In fact, a grave may be formed as a single burial, which accommodate an individual or communal for a group of people (cemetery). Archaeological research in regard tocemetery may provide information on the existence of an individual then, the arrival of a new community in a certain place or even a historical event such as military invasion, which indirectly indicate the occurrence of cultural acculturation. Cemeteries with graves showing particular characteristic and varieties of pattern are found in Tarakan. This article discusses the significance to study cemetery in order to· understand the historical occurrence, community dispersion and other important event occurred in Tarakan in the past.

EKSPLOITASI HUTAN DAN TAMBANG PADA MASA KOLONIAL DI KALIMANTAN BAGIAN UTARA (FOREST AND MINING EXPLOITATION DURING THE COLONIAL PERIOD IN THE NORTHERN PART OF KALIMANTAN) Susanto, Nugroho Nur
Kindai Etam: Jurnal Penelitian Arkeologi Vol 4, No 1 (2018): Kindai Etam
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Kalimantan Selatan

Informasi tentang potensi dan jenis kekayaan alam di negeri kita terbatas, meskipun kegiatan eksplorasi dan eksploitasi telah berlangsung lama sejak era kolonialisme. Di Kalimantan khususnya tidak semua informasi ini bersifat terbuka, apalagi menyangkut dua pihak yang berbeda posisi dan kepentingan. Satu pihak, Belanda sebagai penguasa teritorial di wilayah jajahan, yang terkesan tertutup. Di lain pihak, masyarakat Indonesia yang telah merdeka adalah pemilik asli alam beserta yang terkandung di dalamnya. Permasalahan yang diangkat adalah mulai kapan dan siapa yang berperan dalam kegiatan ekploitasi kekayaan alam Kalimantan bagian utara. Penelitian ini memiliki kontribusi untuk menggambarkan kegiatan eksploitasi alam dan jenis komoditas yang diambil. Melalui metode survei arkeologi di lapangan dan studi pustaka, maka dapat diketahui apa dan kapan eksploitasi alam di Kalimantan bagian utara ini dilakukan. Jejak peninggalan arkeologi menunjukkan bahwa bukan hanya imperialisme Barat, tetapi Jepang pun telah lama berupaya dalam mengeksploitasi kekayaan alam di bagian utara Kalimantan ini. Kekayaan alam yang telah dikeruk, baik eksploitasi kayu hasil hutan maupun mineral tambang yang terkandung di dalamnya. Data peninggalan arkeologi telah merekam jejak eksploitasi. Upaya eksploitasi dan pemanfaatan sumber daya alam memerlukan azas perikehidupan dalam keseimbangan, sehingga manfaat yang dirasakan oleh masyarakat dapat berkesinambungan dan maksimal.Kata kunci: Kalimantan Utara, Tideng Pale, eksploitasi kayu, eksploitasi bahan tambang, Investasi JepangInformation about the potential and types of natural wealth in our country is limited, even though exploration and exploitation activities have been going on for a long time since the era of colonialism. Particularly in Kalimantan, not all of this information is open, especially regarding two parties with different position and interest. One party, the Netherlands as a territorial ruler in the colony, seemed to be closed. On the other hand, the Indonesian people, who have been independent, are the original owners of nature with its contain. Through the archaeological survey method in the field and confirmed by literature study, it can be known who and when the exploitation of nature in northern Kalimantan had been taken place. Through archaeological footprints, it shows that not only Western imperialism, but also Japan had long been trying to exploit natural resources in this northern part of Borneo. Natural resources that have been dredged were both, in the form of exploitation of forest products, as well as minerals exploitation. Archaeological data have recorded the traces of exploration and exploitation activities. Exploitation and utilization of natural resources requires the principle of balance life, so that the benefits can be continuous and maximized.Keywords: North Kalimantan, Tideng Pale, wood exploitation, mining material exploitation, Japanese investment

PENINGGALAN TRADISI PENGUBURAN DAN BUKTI ASIMILASI BUDAYA DI MALINAU BAGIAN TIMUR Susanto, Nugroho Nur
Kindai Etam: Jurnal Penelitian Arkeologi Vol 3, No 1 (2017): Kindai Etam
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Kalimantan Selatan

Di bagian wilayah Malinau, aliran Sungai Sesayap disebut sebagai Sungai Malinau. Di sepanjang aliransungainya bermukim berbagai komunitas dengan kepercayaan tradisonal. Permasalahan yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana persebaran dan relasi antarsuku di aliran Sungai Sesayap. Aspek penguburan dipilih karena mewakili bagian dari bukti permukiman sebagai bukti budaya lama, ketika daerah belum mengenal pengaruh agama baru,yaitu Kristen dan Islam. Peninggalan arkeologi tersebut menjadi bukti kuat adanya peranan sungai dalam pola perpindahan komunitas tradisional, kepercayaan dunia sakral sebelum mengenal agama baru, dan ragam budaya penguburan. Peninggalan-peninggalan tersebut menjelaskan hubungan antara artefak dengan konteks kepercayaan, dan daya dukung lingkungan sekitar dengan perubahan budayanya.

PENINGGALAN ARKEOLOGI DAN TRADISI DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI BARITO, KABUPATEN BARITO SELATAN DAN KABUPATEN BARITO TIMUR, PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TENGAH Susanto, Nugroho Nur
Kindai Etam: Jurnal Penelitian Arkeologi Vol 2, No 1 (2016): Kindai Etam
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Kalimantan Selatan

Sungai Barito bukan saja menjadi urat nadi perekonomian, tetapi merupakan jalur penetrasi budaya. Tujuanpenelitian observasi ini adalah mengemukakan bukti arkeologi dari tradisi yang juga keyakinan dari era pra Kesultanan Banjar, kesultanan, hingga kolonial Belanda di wilayah aliran Sungai Barito. Secara administrasi wilayah penelitian terletak di Kabupaten Barito Selatan dan Kabupaten Barito Timur, khususnya yang memiliki akses ke aliran Sungai Barito. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik dengan penalaran induktif. Pengambilan data di lapangan dilakukan dengan metode survei (terdiri atas wawancara dan observasi). Data hasil observasi ini penting dihadirkan untuk menyusun perkerangkaan berupa sejarah lokal, keragaman tradisi di wilayah aliran Sungai Barito, dan anak-anak sungainya. Jejak budaya dari awal terbentuknya pemukiman, hingga era imperialisme Belanda. Melalui penelitian observasi ini, tradisi, sejarah, penetrasi budaya asing dapat diketahui, khususnya di wilayah administrasi Kabupaten Barito Selatan, dan Kabupaten Barito Timur

NAMA PERANG BARITO BERDASARKAN BUKTI ARKEOLOGIS (THE NAME OF BARITO WAR BASED ON ARCHAELOGICAL EVIDENCE) Susanto, Nugroho Nur
Kindai Etam: Jurnal Penelitian Arkeologi Vol 5, No 1 (2019): Kindai Etam Volume 5 Nomor 1 November 2019
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Kalimantan Selatan

Perang Banjar atau Perang Banjarmasin dapat pula disebut sebagai Perang Barito. Kata Banjar sendiri mengacu pada masyarakat Islam yang diikat oleh Kesultanan Banjar, sedangkan Barito mengacu pada nama sungai yang sangat penting, yang mengalir di sebagian wilayah Kalimantan Selatan, tetapi lebih banyak mengalir di wilayah administrasi Kalimantan Tengah. Tulisan ini bertujuan menjawab permasalahan mengapa istilah perang Banjar dapat pula disebut sebagai Perang Barito berdasarkan bukti-bukti arkeologis. Adapun perang di sini mengacu pada serangkaian perlawanan rakyat yang melibatkan masyarakat yang memiliki asal-usul dan latar belakang beragam. Perang Banjar didukung oleh keturunan Kesultanan Banjar, dibantu oleh komunitas rakyat biasa yang berasal dari berbagai daerah di batang banyu di sepanjang aliran Sungai Barito. Dukungan perjuangan berasal dari masyarakat Banua Lima yang diidentikkan sebagai masyarakat Banjar hulu, masyarakat Bakumpai, serta dukungan dari Dayak Murung, Siang dan Taboyan. Dari aspek bukti sejarah, peristiwa perang ini meninggalkan bukti arkeologis termasuk makam tokoh-tokohnya. Melalui metode penelitian survei yang didukung data pustaka, dan informasi masyarakat, jejak perjuangan rakyat Kalimantan dalam menentang penjajahan Belanda dapat tergambarkan. Daerah aliran Sungai Barito telah menjadi saksi perjuangan dan perlawanan rakyat. Hal ini sudah semestinya menjadi landasan berpikir, bahwa kerjasama antarelemen masyarakat, antardaerah, dan antarlembaga di masa depan sangat diperlukan. Perbedaan bukan menjadi alasan, untuk tidak bekerjasama dalam membangun Kalimantan. The Banjar war or the Banjarmasin war can also be called the. The word of Banjar refers to the Islamic community bound by an empire, while Barito refers to the name of a very important river, which flows in parts of South Kalimantan, but more flows in the administrative area of Central Kalimantan. This paper aims to address the problem of why the term of Banjar war can also be referred to as the Barito War based on archaeological evidence. The war refers to a series of popular resistance involving people from diverse origins and backgrounds. Supported by the descendants of the Banjar Sultanate, assisted by ordinary community people from various areas of the batang banyu and Barito River basin communities. Supporter of the war came from the Banua Lima people who were identified as the Banjar hulu people, from the Bakumpai, Dayak Murung, Siang and Taboyan communities. From the aspect of historical evidence, this war event left some archeological evidences including the graves of war figures. Based on the historical evidence supported by the archeological remains of its characters. Through survey research methods supported by library data and public information, the footsteps of the struggle of the Kalimantan people in opposing Dutch colonialism can be illustrated. The Barito River watershed has witnessed the people's struggle and resistance. This should be the basis for cooperation between communities, regions, and institutions in the future. Difference is not a reason for not to cooperate in the development of Kalimantan.

First Experimental Iron Process Based on The Montalat Iron Sites in Central Kalimantan – Indonesia Sofian, Harry Octavianus; Hartatik, Hartatik; Sunarningsih, Sunarningsih; Susanto, Nugroho Nur; Dhaneswara, Gauri Vidya; Sulistiyo, Restu Budi; Karyanantio, Agus
KALPATARU Vol. 32 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/kpt.2023.1078

This article is based on an experimental iron furnace from archaeological sites in Central Kalimantan – Indonesia, from July 2019. The iron furnace for the experiment is replicated the original iron furnaces from the latest research found in 2017 in the Benangin and Temelalo sites from Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The experiment aims to prove whether the iron furnace can melt metal. From the archaeological experiment we can answer questions about the iron process in Central Kalimantan in the past with the local resource’s laterite and hematite. From archaeological experiments, duplicate iron furnaces can make iron raw materials into melts and extract iron from hematite and laterite raw materials. The results showed that the ancient people in Central Kalimantan were able to make iron from raw materials and process it as iron ingot.

Iron industry and Banjar War on the upper of the Barito Watershed, North Barito, Central Kalimantan: Industri besi dan Perang Banjar di hulu DAS Barito, Barito Utara, Kalimantan Tengah Hartatik, Hartatik; Susanto, Nugroho Nur; Daneswara, Gaury V.; Triasri, Dian
Berkala Arkeologi Vol. 41 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : BRIN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30883/jba.v41i2.731

Archaeological research on iron industry in the upper Barito river basin in 2017-2019, show 19 iron ore smelting sites called buren in the local language. Based on radiocarbon dating, the buren was used from 16th to 19th CE. This paper aims to explain correlation between the peak of iron industry in 19th CE and the Banjar War in the upper Barito river, based on a comparison of chronology, type of weapons, and location of buren. Through the historical-archeology approach, the authors suggest that the types of weapons used in the Banjar War have similarities with the inherited weapons of upper Barito people. Several known buren locations also recorded in historical data of the Banjar War. The location of buren shifted from the banks of main river to the banks of tributary river.

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF KUTA BATAGUH IN KAPUAS, CENTRAL KALIMANTAN: KARAKTERISTIK KUTA BATAGUH DI KAPUAS, KALIMANTAN TENGAH Sunarningsih; Hartatik; Yogi, Ida Bagus Putu Prajna; Wibowo, Unggul Prasetyo; Susanto, Nugroho Nur; Sulistiyo, Restu Budi
Berkala Arkeologi Vol. 40 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : BRIN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30883/jba.v40i2.590

Abstract Kuta Bataguh is administratively located in Bataguh and East Kapuas Districts, Kapuas Regency, Kalimantan Tengah. The research aims to reconstruct the characteristics of Kuta Bataguh. This research is using interpretive-descriptive method with the inductive reasoning. Data collection used surveys, excavations, interviews, and literature study. The analysis included environmental, stratigraphic, artifactual, spatial, and absolute dating analysis. Survey (surface and aerial) and excavation activities were carried out inside and outside the fence, both downstream and upstream of the Karinyau River. The results illustrate that the characteristics of Kuta Bataguh are a large permanent settlement that is split by a river. The fortified settlement of Kuta Bataguh was the leader residence of Ngaju community group (as the center of power). By referring to the pattern, function and extent of this settlement, it can be assumed that the local authorities in Bataguh are on par with early state in their socio-political organization. Abstrak Kuta Bataguh secara administratif berada di Kecamatan Bataguh dan Kapuas Timur, Kabupaten Kapuas, Kalimantan Tengah. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk merekonstruksi karakteristik Kuta Bataguh. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif interpretif dengan penalaran induktif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan survei, ekskavasi, wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis lingkungan, stratigrafi, artefaktual, ruang, dan analisis pertanggalan absolut. Kegiatan survei (permukaan dan udara) dan ekskavasi dilakukan di dalam dan di luar pagar benteng baik di arah muara maupun hulu Sungai Karinyau. Hasil penelitian memberi gambaran bahwa karakteristik Kuta Bataguh adalah tempat tinggal permanen yang luas dan dibelah oleh aliran sungai. Dengan berpatokan pada pola, fungsi, dan luasnya pemukiman ini, dapat diasumsikan bahwa penguasa lokal di Bataguh dalam organisasi sosial politiknya sudah setara dengan early state.

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