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Simple Preparations and Characterizations of Activated-Carbon- Clothes from Palm-Kernel-Shell for Ammonia Vapor Adsorption and Skim-Latex-Odor Removal Muhammad Adlim; Ratu Fazlia Inda Rahmayani; Fitri Zarlaida; Latifah Hanum; Maily Rizki; Nurul Ummi Manatillah; Omar Muktaridha
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.63570

Abstract

This study explored a simple preparation and characterization of the activated carbon and cloth from the palm kernel shell and compared it to the commercial-water-filter-carbon specification. A new pyrolysis chamber that is easily scaled up using the palm kernel shell itself as a heat source was tested. Two different steps were compared: the alkaline activation process performed before or after the carbonation process in the palm-kernel-shell carbon preparation. The palm-kernel-shell activated carbons prepared with the current method fulfilled the standard quality of activated charcoal except for the ash content. The sequencing step of the preparation affected the adsorption capacity. Instead of the reverse sequence, the soaking palm kernel shells in NaOH before the carbonation process lead to a higher adsorption capacity. The carbon particle stability on the cloth surface was affected by both the adhesive concentration and its size. The ammonia adsorption capacity of activated carbon cloth (ACC) was between 1–4 mg ammonia per g stuck carbon. The preparation and the carbon type source on ACC affected the adsorption capacity. The ACC absorbed and lessened the skim latex odor vapor, nearly odorless depending on the ACC area and the volume of odor vapor.
Pengaruh Respon Pertumbuhan Benih Ikan Bileh (Rasbora sp.) yang Dipelihara pada Suhu Berbeda Irhami S; Agusriati Muliyana; Fitria Rahmayanti; Muktaridha Muktaridha
Jurnal Galung Tropika Vol 15 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Peternakan dan Perikanan Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31850/jgt.v15i1.1479

Abstract

Bileh fish (Rasbora s.) is a freshwater species with high economic value and strong potential to be developed as an aquaculture commodity through domestication efforts to reduce exploitation pressure on wild populations. One of the key environmental factors influencing the success of domestication is rearing temperature, as it directly affects physiological processes and metabolic activity in fish. This study aimed to evaluate the growth response of bileh fish juveniles reared at different temperatures under controlled aquaculture conditions. The experiment was conducted at the Hatchery of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Teuku Umar University, from July to August 2025 for a period of 40 days. A Completely Randomized Design was applied with four temperature treatments, namely 20°C (P1), 24°C (P2), 28°C (P3), and 32°C (P4), each with three replications. The observed parameters included absolute weight gain, absolute length gain, relative growth rate, and water quality parameters (temperature and pH). The results demonstrated that rearing temperature had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the growth performance of bileh fish juveniles. Optimal growth was achieved at 24°C (P2), with an absolute weight gain of 0.45 g, an absolute length gain of 2.1 cm, and a relative growth rate of 1.13%. In contrast, the 32°C treatment resulted in the lowest growth performance and greater pH variability (6–8). Temperature plays a critical role in fish metabolism, where excessively high temperatures increase energy demands for maintaining homeostasis, thereby limiting energy allocation for growth. Therefore, a rearing temperature of 24°C is recommended as the optimal condition for the culture of bileh fish juveniles.