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All Journal Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia Al-Iqtishad : Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Syariah (Journal of Islamic Economics) Progressa: Journal of Islamic Religious Instruction Ta'dibia: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Agama Islam Educate : Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan Kolaborasi Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat El Madani: Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi Islam Al-Muhith : Jurnal Ilmu Qur'an dan Hadits
Muhammad Fatih, Muhammad
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Religion Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Judicial Disparities in Religious Court Decisions on the Inheritance Status of Life Insurance Benefits: A Sharia Economic Law Perspective Hadi, Ahmad Chairul; Fatih, Muhammad
Al-Iqtishad: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Syariah Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/aiq.v17i2.50013

Abstract

Life insurance raises legal issues in Islamic inheritance and Sharia economic law regarding the status of benefits after the policyholder’s death. This study examines judicial disparities in three Religious Court decisions: Tigaraksa, Sungai Raya, and Mataram, based on Islamic inheritance principles, sharia economic justice, and Indonesian positive law. Using a normative and comparative approach, the study analyzes court decisions and literature on Islamic inheritance and takaful. The findings show inconsistent interpretations. Tigaraksa and Sungai Raya courts treated insurance benefits as inheritance subject to faraid, whereas Mataram granted the beneficiary exclusive rights under contractual freedom. From a Sharia economic law perspective, such benefits constitute collective wealth (māl) and should be distributed fairly, unless a valid Sharia-compliant will or grant exists. This highlights the need for clearer Sharia-based guidelines. Keywords: sharia economic law; life insurance; islamic inheritance; judicial disparity; distributive justice   Abstrak Asuransi jiwa menimbulkan persoalan dalam ranah waris Islam dan ekonomi syariah terkait status manfaat asuransi setelah wafatnya pemegang polis. Penelitian ini menganalisis disparitas pertimbangan hakim dalam putusan Pengadilan Agama: Tigaraksa, Sungai Raya, dan Mataram, dengan menilai kesesuaiannya terhadap prinsip hukum waris Islam, keadilan ekonomi syariah, dan hukum positif Indonesia. Dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan komparatif, penelitian ini mengkaji putusan pengadilan serta literatur hukum waris Islam dan asuransi syariah (takaful). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan penafsiran hukum. Pengadilan Agama Tigaraksa dan Sungai Raya menganggap manfaat asuransi sebagai harta warisan yang dibagikan menurut faraid, sedangkan Pengadilan Agama Mataram menempatkannya sebagai hak eksklusif kepada penerima manfaat berdasarkan asas kebebasan berkontrak. Dalam perspektif hukum ekonomi syariah, manfaat asuransi merupakan harta (māl) yang semestinya didistribusikan secara adil, kecuali terdapat wasiat atau hibah yang sah. Disparitas ini menegaskan perlunya pedoman berbasis syariah yang lebih jelas. Kata Kunci: hukum ekonomi syariah; asuransi jiwa; hukum waris Islam; disparitas putusan; keadilan distributive
Co-Authors Ahmad Chairul Hadi, Ahmad Chairul Alfa, muhammad Alqarni, Wais Amalia, Shofi Nur Bashori Bashori Dewi Nugraheni Restu Mastuti Han, Muhamad Ibtissam Kadri, Wahab Nur Nurul Kamaly Pratama, Adha Ristiawati Winda, Maulida Yuniarti Yuniarti