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Potensi Tepung Biji Pinang Terhadap Pengendalian Hama Kutu Putih (Phenacoccus manihoti) pada Tanaman Jeruk Lemon: Potential of areca nut flour in controlling mealybug pests (Phenacoccus manihoti) in lemon plant Hikmaya, Hikmaya; Nining Triani Thamrin; Fenny Hasanuddin
Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024): Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Cokroaminoto Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30605/perbal.v12i2.3856

Tanaman jeruk lemon (Citrus limon L.) termasuk ke dalam famili Rutaceae, banyak dibudidayakan di Negara-negara Asia Selatan karena memiliki nilai ekonomis yang tinggi. Kutu putih (Phenacoccus manihoti) merupakan serangga asli Meksiko/Amerika Tengah. Gejala yang ditimbulkan dari hama ini menyebabkan kerusakan secara langsung dengan mengisap cairan tanaman; kerusakan yang parah dapat menyebabkan pertumbuhan tanaman terhambat dan kerontokan buah muda. Embun madu adalah tempat cendawan jelaga tinggal di kotoran yang dikeluarkan kutu. Serangan kutu putih mengganggu pertumbuhan tanaman, menyebabkan bunga dan buah rontok, sesuai fakta di lapangan menunjukkan kerontokan pada buah yang cukup besar dapat berpengaruh terhadap nilai ekonomis. Biji pinang dapat dijadikan bahan baku penggunaan pestisida nabati untuk mengendalikan kutu putih pada tanaman yang diproses menjadi tepung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi tepung biji pinang terhadap kutu putih pada tanaman jeruk lemon dan konsentrasi tepung biji pinang yang tepat digunakan untuk mengendalikan populasi hama kutu putih pada tanaman jeruk lemon. Penelitian ini akan dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Dasar Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidenreng Rappang pada bulan November-Januari 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan 3 ulangan sehingga terdapat 15 unit pengamatan setiap pengamatan terdiri atas 3 sampel, sehingga terdapat 45 unit pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak tepung biji pinang memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata dalam mengendalikan hama kutu putih. Konsentrasi terbaik ekstrak tepung biji pinang adalah 60 g/l air dengan mortalitas 98.83%, 60 g/l air dan 50 g/l air dengan uji repelensi rata-rata hinggap 3-5 ekor kutu putih dan LT50% pada 39.74 jam. The lemon plant (Citrus limon L.) belongs to the Rutaceae family, is widely cultivated in South Asian countries because it has high economic value. Mealybugs (Phenacoccus manihoti) are insects native to Mexico/Central America. Symptoms caused by this pest cause direct damage by sucking plant fluids; Severe damage can cause stunted plant growth and loss of young fruit. Honeydew is where the sooty fungus lives in the excrement excreted by fleas. Mealybug attacks disrupt plant growth, causing flowers and fruit to fall off, according to facts in the field showing that fruit loss is quite large and can affect economic value. Areca nut seeds can be used as raw material for using botanical pesticides to control mealybugs on plants that are processed into flour. The aim of this research is to determine the potential of areca nut flour against mealybugs on lemon plants and the appropriate concentration of areca seed flour to use to control the population of mealybug pests on lemon plants. This research will be carried out at the Basic Laboratory of the Faculty of Science and Technology, Muhammadiyah University, Sidenreng Rappang in November-January 2024. This research uses a Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with 5 treatments and 3 replications so that there are 15 observation units, each observation consisting of 3 samples, so there are 45 observation units. The results of the research show that areca nut flour extract has a very real effect in controlling mealybug pests. The best concentration of areca seed flour extract is 60 g/l water with a mortality of 98.83%, 60 g/l water and 50 g/l water with an average repellency test perched on 3-5 mealybugs and LT50% at 39.74 hours.

Uji Beberapa Ekstrak Tumbuhan Terhadap Hama Kutu Daun pada Tanaman Cabai (Capsicum annum L.): Test Several Plant Extracts Against Aphid Pests on Chili Plants (Capsicum annum L.) Jaya, Asri; Fenny Hasanuddin; Nining Triani Thamrin
Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024): Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Cokroaminoto Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30605/perbal.v12i2.3866

Cabai rawit merupakan salah satu komoditas sayuran yang banyak dibudidayakan petani di indonesia karena memiliki harga jual yang tinggi dan dijadikan sebagai bumbu dengan rasa pedas pada aneka masakan. Salah satu kendala yang kerap ditemukan dilapangan adalah adanya serangan kutu daun pada tanaman cabai sehingga berkurangnya produk tanaman cabai. Kutu daun (Aphis gossypii) dapat menyebabkan kerugian secara langsung yaitu mengisap cairan tanaman. Tanaman yang terserang daunnya menjadi keriput dan terpelintir, dan pertumbuhan tanaman menjadi terhambat (kerdil). Kerusakan pada daun muda yang menyebabkan bentuk daun keriput menghadap ke bawah adalah ciri spesifik gangguan kutu daun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ekstrak tumbuhan terhadap hama kutu daun pada tanaman cabai dan untuk mengetahui ekstrak tumbuhan mana yang memberikan pengaruh terhadap hama kutu daun pada tanaman cabai. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari – Maret 2024 di lahan percobaan Desa Abbokongang, Kecamatan Kulo, Kabupaten Sidrap. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). dengan 5 perlakuan, diulang sebanyak 3 kali terdapat 15 unit percobaan, P0 : Tanpa perlakuan (kontrol), P1 :Pemberian ekstrak tembakau sebanyak 40 ml + 100 ml air, P2 :Pemberian ekstrak sereh sebanyak 40 ml + 100 ml air, P3 :Pemberian ekstrak daun jeruk sebanyak 40 ml + 100 ml air, P4 :Pemberian ekstrak daun pepaya sebanyak 40 ml + 100 ml air. Setiap unit percobaan terdiri atas 3 sampel tanaman, sehingga terdapat 45 unit tanaman percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak tumbuhan memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap pengendalian hama kutu daun. Diantara beberapa perlakuan yang digunakan, ekstrak tembakau memiliki persentase mortalitas tertinggi yakni 55,56% dengan intensitas serangan terendah 14,3% kategori ringan. Cayenne pepper is a vegetable commodity that is widely cultivated by farmers in Indonesia because it has a high selling price and is used as a spice with a spicy taste in various dishes. One of the obstacles that is often found in the field is the attack of aphids on chili plants resulting in a reduction in chili plant products. Aphids (Aphis gossypii.) Can cause direct harm by sucking plant fluids. Plants that are attacked have their leaves wrinkled and twisted, and plant growth becomes stunted (stunted). Damage to young leaves that causes wrinkled leaves to face downwards is a specific characteristic of aphids. This research aims to determine plant extracts against aphid pests on chili plants and to find out which plant extracts have an effect on aphid pests on chili plants. This research was carried out in January 2024 – March 2024 at the experimental land in Abbokongang Village, Kulo District, Sidrap Regency. This research used a randomized block design (RAK). with 5 treatments, repeated 3 times, there were 15 experimental units, P0: No treatment (control), P1: Giving 40 ml of tobacco extract + 100 ml of water, P2: Giving 40 ml of lemongrass extract + 100 ml of water, P3: Giving 40 ml of orange leaf extract + 100 ml of water, P4: Administer 40 ml of papaya leaf extract + 100 ml of water. Each experimental unit consists of 3 plant samples, so there are 45 experimental plant units. The research results showed that plant extracts had a real effect on controlling aphids. Among the several treatments used, tobacco extract had the highest mortality percentage, namely 55.56% with the lowest attack intensity of 14.3% in the mild category.

Studi Efikasi Beberapa Ekstrak Tanaman untuk Mengendalikan Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera frugiperda): Efficacy Study of Several Plant Extracts to Control Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) Basir Basserang; Fenny Hasanuddin; Rifni Nikmat Syarifuddin
Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024): Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Cokroaminoto Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30605/perbal.v12i3.4395

Jagung merupakan tanaman yang berumur hampir sama dengan tanaman padi (semusim), namun tanaman jagung termasuk tanaman yang tahan terhadap musim kemarau sehingga pada daerah yang curah hujannya rendah sangat cocok. Sulawesi Selatan adalah daerah penghasil jagung yang cukup besar dan bahkan termasuk dalam 10 besar provinsi produsen jagung terbanyak. Berdasarkan data BPS menunjukkan produksi tanaman jagung di Sulawesi Selatan selama kurun waktu 3 tahun terakhir adalah 1.033.341.18 (ton) ditahun 2021, meningkat 1.152.062.70 (ton) ditahun 2022 dan turun menjadi 1.004.274.67 (ton) ditahun 2023. Dari data tersebut menunjukkan produksi jagung mengalami fluktuatif, hal ini dikarenakan terdapat beberapa kendala yang ditemui pada saat budidaya tanaman jagung. Salah satu kendala yang kerap ditemukan di lapangan adalah adanya serangan OPT terjadi pada tanaman jagung sehingga berkurangnya produksi tanaman jagung. Salah satu OPT yang terjadi pada tanaman jagung yaitu ulat grayak (Spodoptera frugiferda). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ekstrak tanaman yang efektif untuk mengendalikan ulat grayak pada tanaman jagung. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan enam perlakuan dan tiga ulangan, dimana perlakuannya adalah penggunaan beberapa jenis ekstrak tanaman. Setiap ulangan menggunakan 10 larva uji. Sehingga total larva uji adalah 180. Perlakuan yang dicobakan adalah: P0 = Tanpa perlakuan (Kontrol), P1 = Pestisida sintetik, P2 = Ekstrak daun pulai, P3 = Ekstrak daun sirsak, P4 = Ekstrak daun pepaya, P5= Ekstrak buah cabai merah, dengan parameter pengamatan yaitu larva berhenti makan (%), mortalitas larva, waktu kematian50. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Ekstrak daun, pulai, sirsak, papaya, dan cabai merah tidak memberikan pengaru nyata terhadap larva berhenti makan. Ekstrak daun, pulai, sirsak, papaya, dan cabai merah memikili pengaru nyata terhadap mortalitas S. Frugiperda dengan konsentrasi yang sama 40% dan Waktu kematian50 (WK50) hanya terdapat pada ekstrak cabai merah dan ekstrak daun pulai dengan waktu yang sama yaitu 120 JSA. Corn is a plant that is almost the same age as rice plants (annual), but corn plants are plants that are resistant to the dry season so that in areas with low rainfall it is very suitable. South Sulawesi is a fairly large corn-producing area and is even included in the top 10 most corn-producing provinces. Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency, the production of corn crops in South Sulawesi during the last 3 years was 1,033,341.18 (tons) in 2021, an increase of 1,152,062.70 (tons) in 2022 and a decrease to 1,004,274.67 (tons) in 2023. The data shows that corn production fluctuates, this is because there are several obstacles encountered during the cultivation of corn plants. One of the obstacles that is often found in the field is the occurrence of OPT attacks on corn plants so that the production of corn plants decreases. One of the OPT that occurs in corn plants is the armyworm (Spodoptera frugiferda). This study aims to find out which plant extracts are effective in controlling armyworms in corn plants.This study aims to determine which plant extracts are effective in controlling armyworms in corn plants. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six treatments and three replications, where the treatment was the use of several types of plant extracts. Each replication used 10 test larvae. So that the total test larvae were 180. The treatments tried were: P0 = No treatment (Control), P1 = Synthetic pesticide, P2 = Pulai leaf extract, P3 = Soursop leaf extract, P4 = Papaya leaf extract, P5 = Red chili fruit extract, with observation parameters namely larvae stop eating (%), larval mortality, time of death50. The results showed that leaf extracts, pulai, soursop, papaya, and red chili did not have a significant effect on larvae stopping feeding. Leaf extracts, pulai, soursop, papaya, and red chili had a significant effect on S. Frugiperda mortality with the same concentration of 40% and Time of Death50 (WK50) was only found in red chili extract and pulai leaf extract with the same time, namely 120 JSA.

Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Dua Varietas Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) pada Berbagai Konsentrasi Pupuk Organik Cair Jerami Padi: Growth and Production of Two Varieties of Chili Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) at Various Concentrations of Rice Straw Liquid Organic Fertilizer Khaerani, St.; Muhanniah, Muhanniah; Fenny Hasanuddin
Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Cokroaminoto Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30605/perbal.v13i1.4438

Cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) merupakan salah satu jenis hortikultura yang penting dalam kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat Indonesia karena dimanfaatkan sebagai campuran bahan masakan dan termasuk tanaman yang mengandung nilai gizi yang dibutuhkan oleh tubuh. Produksi tanaman cabai rawit di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan dari data BPS mengalami fluktuatif, hal ini terjadi karena beberapa faktor, salah satu faktor yang perlu diperhatikan agar produksi cabai rawit bisa optimal yaitu penggunaan benih bermutu dari varietas unggul dan pemupukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui; varietas yang memberikan pertumbuhan dan produksi tertinggi pada tanaman cabai rawit, konsentrasi POC jerami padi yang memberikan pertumbuhan dan produksi tertinggi tanaman cabai rawit, interaksi antara varietas cabai rawit dan konsentrasi POC jerami padi terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman cabai rawit. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Teteaji, Kecamatan Tellu Limpoe Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret-Juni 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan faktorial 2 faktor yang disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) terdiri dari 2 faktor. Faktor pertama berupa perlakuan varietas yang terdiri dari 2 taraf yaitu varietas Bhaskara (v1) dan varietas Sonar (v2). Sedangkan faktor kedua berupa perlakuan pemberian konsentrasi POC jerami yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu 50 ml/liter air (d1), 60 ml/liter air (d2), 70 ml/liter air (d3). Kombinasi kedua perlakuan tersebut diperoleh 6 perlakuan yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga terdapat 18 unit perlakuan. Setiap unit penelitian terdiri dari 3 sampel tanaman sehingga diperoleh 54 total unit pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan varietas yang memberikan pertumbuhan dan produksi tertinggi pada tanaman cabai rawit adalah varietas Sonar pada parameter tinggi tanaman (35,41 cm), umur berbunga (38 hari), berat buah tanaman (10,63 g), jumlah buah tanaman (8 buah), dan produksi per unit (31,78 g). Konsentrasi pupuk organik cair jerami yang memberikan pertumbuhan terbaik tanaman cabai rawit adalah konsentrasi 60ml/l pada parameter tinggi tanaman (36,33 cm) dan jumlah daun (28 helai), untuk produksi tertinggi tanaman cabai rawit adalah konsentrasi70ml/l pada parameter berat buah tanaman (12,06 g), jumlah buah tanaman (9 buah) dan produksi per unit (36,17 g). Tidak terdapat interaksi antara varietas dan POC jerami. Chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) is one type of horticulture that is important in the daily lives of Indonesian people because it is used as a mixture of cooking ingredients and is a plant that contains nutritional value needed by the body. The production of chili pepper plants in South Sulawesi Province from BPS data shows that chili pepper production fluctuates, this occurs due to several factors, one of the factors that needs to be considered so that chili pepper production can be optimal is the use of quality seeds from superior varieties and fertilization. This study aims to determine; varieties that provide the highest growth and production in chili pepper plants, the concentration of rice straw POC that provides the highest growth and production of chili pepper plants, the interaction between chili pepper varieties and rice straw POC concentration on the growth and production of chili pepper plants. The study was conducted in Teteaji Village, Tellu Limpoe District, Sidenreng Rappang Regency in March-June 2024. This study used a 2-factor factorial design arranged in a Randomized Block Design (RAK) consisting of 2 factors. The first factor was a variety treatment consisting of 2 levels, namely the Bhaskara variety (v1) and the Sonar variety (v2). While the second factor was a treatment of straw POC concentration consisting of 3 levels, namely 50 ml/liter of water (d1), 60 ml/liter of water (d2), 70 ml/liter of water (d3). Combination of the two treatments, 6 treatments were obtained which were repeated 3 times so that there were 18 treatment units. Each research unit consisted of 3 plant samples so that a total of 54 observation units were obtained. The results of the study showed that the variety that provided the highest growth and production in chili pepper plants was the Sonar variety in the parameters of plant height (35.41 cm), flowering age (38 days), plant fruit weight (10.63 g), number of plant fruits (8 fruits), and production per unit (31.78 g). The concentration of liquid organic fertilizer straw that provides the best growth of chili pepper plants is a concentration of 60 ml/l on the parameters of plant height (36.33 cm) and number of leaves (28 strands), for the highest production of chili pepper plants is a concentration of 70 ml/l on the parameters of plant fruit weight (12.06 g), number of plant fruits (9 fruits) and production per unit (36.17 g). There is no interaction between varieties and straw POC.

Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) Varietas Bonanza F1 Yang Diaplikasikan Beberapa Konsentrasi Biosaka Sainuddin; Muhanniah; Fenny Hasanuddin
JURNAL AGROTEKNOLOGI UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS Vol 7 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Jurusan Budidaya Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jagur.7.2.81-87.2025

Sweet corn is commonly known as sweet corn is one of the horticultural commodities that has a high carbohydrate source. Biosaka is an elicitor in the form of a material made from a solution of plants or grasses that can protect plants from diseases and pests and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers by 50-90%. The use of Biosaka for farmers can support the development of organic farming. This study aims to determine the effect of several Biosaka concentrations on the growth and production of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) Bonanza F1 variety and determine the best concentration. The study was conducted in Rappang Village, Panca Rijang District, Sidenreng Rappang Regency, South Sulawesi, from February to June 2025. The study used a one-factor Randomized Block Design (RAK), namely Biosaka concentration with five levels (0 ml, 25 ml, 50 ml, 75 ml, and 100 ml/15 liters of water) with three replications. The parameters observed included plant height, number of leaves, flowering age, number of seeds per row, number of rows per cob, and production per unit. The results showed that the provision of Biosaka did not have a significant effect on all parameters, but a concentration of 75 ml/15 L gave the highest results for most parameters.

Potensi Tepung Biji Pinang Terhadap Pengendalian Hama Kutu Putih (Phenacoccus manihoti) pada Tanaman Jeruk Lemon: Potential of areca nut flour in controlling mealybug pests (Phenacoccus manihoti) in lemon plant Hikmaya, Hikmaya; Nining Triani Thamrin; Fenny Hasanuddin
Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024): Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Cokroaminoto Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30605/perbal.v12i2.3856

Tanaman jeruk lemon (Citrus limon L.) termasuk ke dalam famili Rutaceae, banyak dibudidayakan di Negara-negara Asia Selatan karena memiliki nilai ekonomis yang tinggi. Kutu putih (Phenacoccus manihoti) merupakan serangga asli Meksiko/Amerika Tengah. Gejala yang ditimbulkan dari hama ini menyebabkan kerusakan secara langsung dengan mengisap cairan tanaman; kerusakan yang parah dapat menyebabkan pertumbuhan tanaman terhambat dan kerontokan buah muda. Embun madu adalah tempat cendawan jelaga tinggal di kotoran yang dikeluarkan kutu. Serangan kutu putih mengganggu pertumbuhan tanaman, menyebabkan bunga dan buah rontok, sesuai fakta di lapangan menunjukkan kerontokan pada buah yang cukup besar dapat berpengaruh terhadap nilai ekonomis. Biji pinang dapat dijadikan bahan baku penggunaan pestisida nabati untuk mengendalikan kutu putih pada tanaman yang diproses menjadi tepung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi tepung biji pinang terhadap kutu putih pada tanaman jeruk lemon dan konsentrasi tepung biji pinang yang tepat digunakan untuk mengendalikan populasi hama kutu putih pada tanaman jeruk lemon. Penelitian ini akan dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Dasar Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidenreng Rappang pada bulan November-Januari 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan 3 ulangan sehingga terdapat 15 unit pengamatan setiap pengamatan terdiri atas 3 sampel, sehingga terdapat 45 unit pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak tepung biji pinang memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata dalam mengendalikan hama kutu putih. Konsentrasi terbaik ekstrak tepung biji pinang adalah 60 g/l air dengan mortalitas 98.83%, 60 g/l air dan 50 g/l air dengan uji repelensi rata-rata hinggap 3-5 ekor kutu putih dan LT50% pada 39.74 jam. The lemon plant (Citrus limon L.) belongs to the Rutaceae family, is widely cultivated in South Asian countries because it has high economic value. Mealybugs (Phenacoccus manihoti) are insects native to Mexico/Central America. Symptoms caused by this pest cause direct damage by sucking plant fluids; Severe damage can cause stunted plant growth and loss of young fruit. Honeydew is where the sooty fungus lives in the excrement excreted by fleas. Mealybug attacks disrupt plant growth, causing flowers and fruit to fall off, according to facts in the field showing that fruit loss is quite large and can affect economic value. Areca nut seeds can be used as raw material for using botanical pesticides to control mealybugs on plants that are processed into flour. The aim of this research is to determine the potential of areca nut flour against mealybugs on lemon plants and the appropriate concentration of areca seed flour to use to control the population of mealybug pests on lemon plants. This research will be carried out at the Basic Laboratory of the Faculty of Science and Technology, Muhammadiyah University, Sidenreng Rappang in November-January 2024. This research uses a Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with 5 treatments and 3 replications so that there are 15 observation units, each observation consisting of 3 samples, so there are 45 observation units. The results of the research show that areca nut flour extract has a very real effect in controlling mealybug pests. The best concentration of areca seed flour extract is 60 g/l water with a mortality of 98.83%, 60 g/l water and 50 g/l water with an average repellency test perched on 3-5 mealybugs and LT50% at 39.74 hours.

Uji Beberapa Ekstrak Tumbuhan Terhadap Hama Kutu Daun pada Tanaman Cabai (Capsicum annum L.): Test Several Plant Extracts Against Aphid Pests on Chili Plants (Capsicum annum L.) Jaya, Asri; Fenny Hasanuddin; Nining Triani Thamrin
Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024): Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Cokroaminoto Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30605/perbal.v12i2.3866

Cabai rawit merupakan salah satu komoditas sayuran yang banyak dibudidayakan petani di indonesia karena memiliki harga jual yang tinggi dan dijadikan sebagai bumbu dengan rasa pedas pada aneka masakan. Salah satu kendala yang kerap ditemukan dilapangan adalah adanya serangan kutu daun pada tanaman cabai sehingga berkurangnya produk tanaman cabai. Kutu daun (Aphis gossypii) dapat menyebabkan kerugian secara langsung yaitu mengisap cairan tanaman. Tanaman yang terserang daunnya menjadi keriput dan terpelintir, dan pertumbuhan tanaman menjadi terhambat (kerdil). Kerusakan pada daun muda yang menyebabkan bentuk daun keriput menghadap ke bawah adalah ciri spesifik gangguan kutu daun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ekstrak tumbuhan terhadap hama kutu daun pada tanaman cabai dan untuk mengetahui ekstrak tumbuhan mana yang memberikan pengaruh terhadap hama kutu daun pada tanaman cabai. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari – Maret 2024 di lahan percobaan Desa Abbokongang, Kecamatan Kulo, Kabupaten Sidrap. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). dengan 5 perlakuan, diulang sebanyak 3 kali terdapat 15 unit percobaan, P0 : Tanpa perlakuan (kontrol), P1 :Pemberian ekstrak tembakau sebanyak 40 ml + 100 ml air, P2 :Pemberian ekstrak sereh sebanyak 40 ml + 100 ml air, P3 :Pemberian ekstrak daun jeruk sebanyak 40 ml + 100 ml air, P4 :Pemberian ekstrak daun pepaya sebanyak 40 ml + 100 ml air. Setiap unit percobaan terdiri atas 3 sampel tanaman, sehingga terdapat 45 unit tanaman percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak tumbuhan memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap pengendalian hama kutu daun. Diantara beberapa perlakuan yang digunakan, ekstrak tembakau memiliki persentase mortalitas tertinggi yakni 55,56% dengan intensitas serangan terendah 14,3% kategori ringan. Cayenne pepper is a vegetable commodity that is widely cultivated by farmers in Indonesia because it has a high selling price and is used as a spice with a spicy taste in various dishes. One of the obstacles that is often found in the field is the attack of aphids on chili plants resulting in a reduction in chili plant products. Aphids (Aphis gossypii.) Can cause direct harm by sucking plant fluids. Plants that are attacked have their leaves wrinkled and twisted, and plant growth becomes stunted (stunted). Damage to young leaves that causes wrinkled leaves to face downwards is a specific characteristic of aphids. This research aims to determine plant extracts against aphid pests on chili plants and to find out which plant extracts have an effect on aphid pests on chili plants. This research was carried out in January 2024 – March 2024 at the experimental land in Abbokongang Village, Kulo District, Sidrap Regency. This research used a randomized block design (RAK). with 5 treatments, repeated 3 times, there were 15 experimental units, P0: No treatment (control), P1: Giving 40 ml of tobacco extract + 100 ml of water, P2: Giving 40 ml of lemongrass extract + 100 ml of water, P3: Giving 40 ml of orange leaf extract + 100 ml of water, P4: Administer 40 ml of papaya leaf extract + 100 ml of water. Each experimental unit consists of 3 plant samples, so there are 45 experimental plant units. The research results showed that plant extracts had a real effect on controlling aphids. Among the several treatments used, tobacco extract had the highest mortality percentage, namely 55.56% with the lowest attack intensity of 14.3% in the mild category.

Studi Efikasi Beberapa Ekstrak Tanaman untuk Mengendalikan Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera frugiperda): Efficacy Study of Several Plant Extracts to Control Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) Basir Basserang; Fenny Hasanuddin; Rifni Nikmat Syarifuddin
Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024): Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Cokroaminoto Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30605/perbal.v12i3.4395

Jagung merupakan tanaman yang berumur hampir sama dengan tanaman padi (semusim), namun tanaman jagung termasuk tanaman yang tahan terhadap musim kemarau sehingga pada daerah yang curah hujannya rendah sangat cocok. Sulawesi Selatan adalah daerah penghasil jagung yang cukup besar dan bahkan termasuk dalam 10 besar provinsi produsen jagung terbanyak. Berdasarkan data BPS menunjukkan produksi tanaman jagung di Sulawesi Selatan selama kurun waktu 3 tahun terakhir adalah 1.033.341.18 (ton) ditahun 2021, meningkat 1.152.062.70 (ton) ditahun 2022 dan turun menjadi 1.004.274.67 (ton) ditahun 2023. Dari data tersebut menunjukkan produksi jagung mengalami fluktuatif, hal ini dikarenakan terdapat beberapa kendala yang ditemui pada saat budidaya tanaman jagung. Salah satu kendala yang kerap ditemukan di lapangan adalah adanya serangan OPT terjadi pada tanaman jagung sehingga berkurangnya produksi tanaman jagung. Salah satu OPT yang terjadi pada tanaman jagung yaitu ulat grayak (Spodoptera frugiferda). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ekstrak tanaman yang efektif untuk mengendalikan ulat grayak pada tanaman jagung. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan enam perlakuan dan tiga ulangan, dimana perlakuannya adalah penggunaan beberapa jenis ekstrak tanaman. Setiap ulangan menggunakan 10 larva uji. Sehingga total larva uji adalah 180. Perlakuan yang dicobakan adalah: P0 = Tanpa perlakuan (Kontrol), P1 = Pestisida sintetik, P2 = Ekstrak daun pulai, P3 = Ekstrak daun sirsak, P4 = Ekstrak daun pepaya, P5= Ekstrak buah cabai merah, dengan parameter pengamatan yaitu larva berhenti makan (%), mortalitas larva, waktu kematian50. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Ekstrak daun, pulai, sirsak, papaya, dan cabai merah tidak memberikan pengaru nyata terhadap larva berhenti makan. Ekstrak daun, pulai, sirsak, papaya, dan cabai merah memikili pengaru nyata terhadap mortalitas S. Frugiperda dengan konsentrasi yang sama 40% dan Waktu kematian50 (WK50) hanya terdapat pada ekstrak cabai merah dan ekstrak daun pulai dengan waktu yang sama yaitu 120 JSA. Corn is a plant that is almost the same age as rice plants (annual), but corn plants are plants that are resistant to the dry season so that in areas with low rainfall it is very suitable. South Sulawesi is a fairly large corn-producing area and is even included in the top 10 most corn-producing provinces. Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency, the production of corn crops in South Sulawesi during the last 3 years was 1,033,341.18 (tons) in 2021, an increase of 1,152,062.70 (tons) in 2022 and a decrease to 1,004,274.67 (tons) in 2023. The data shows that corn production fluctuates, this is because there are several obstacles encountered during the cultivation of corn plants. One of the obstacles that is often found in the field is the occurrence of OPT attacks on corn plants so that the production of corn plants decreases. One of the OPT that occurs in corn plants is the armyworm (Spodoptera frugiferda). This study aims to find out which plant extracts are effective in controlling armyworms in corn plants.This study aims to determine which plant extracts are effective in controlling armyworms in corn plants. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six treatments and three replications, where the treatment was the use of several types of plant extracts. Each replication used 10 test larvae. So that the total test larvae were 180. The treatments tried were: P0 = No treatment (Control), P1 = Synthetic pesticide, P2 = Pulai leaf extract, P3 = Soursop leaf extract, P4 = Papaya leaf extract, P5 = Red chili fruit extract, with observation parameters namely larvae stop eating (%), larval mortality, time of death50. The results showed that leaf extracts, pulai, soursop, papaya, and red chili did not have a significant effect on larvae stopping feeding. Leaf extracts, pulai, soursop, papaya, and red chili had a significant effect on S. Frugiperda mortality with the same concentration of 40% and Time of Death50 (WK50) was only found in red chili extract and pulai leaf extract with the same time, namely 120 JSA.

Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Dua Varietas Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) pada Berbagai Konsentrasi Pupuk Organik Cair Jerami Padi: Growth and Production of Two Varieties of Chili Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) at Various Concentrations of Rice Straw Liquid Organic Fertilizer Khaerani, St.; Muhanniah, Muhanniah; Fenny Hasanuddin
Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Cokroaminoto Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30605/perbal.v13i1.4438

Cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) merupakan salah satu jenis hortikultura yang penting dalam kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat Indonesia karena dimanfaatkan sebagai campuran bahan masakan dan termasuk tanaman yang mengandung nilai gizi yang dibutuhkan oleh tubuh. Produksi tanaman cabai rawit di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan dari data BPS mengalami fluktuatif, hal ini terjadi karena beberapa faktor, salah satu faktor yang perlu diperhatikan agar produksi cabai rawit bisa optimal yaitu penggunaan benih bermutu dari varietas unggul dan pemupukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui; varietas yang memberikan pertumbuhan dan produksi tertinggi pada tanaman cabai rawit, konsentrasi POC jerami padi yang memberikan pertumbuhan dan produksi tertinggi tanaman cabai rawit, interaksi antara varietas cabai rawit dan konsentrasi POC jerami padi terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman cabai rawit. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Teteaji, Kecamatan Tellu Limpoe Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret-Juni 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan faktorial 2 faktor yang disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) terdiri dari 2 faktor. Faktor pertama berupa perlakuan varietas yang terdiri dari 2 taraf yaitu varietas Bhaskara (v1) dan varietas Sonar (v2). Sedangkan faktor kedua berupa perlakuan pemberian konsentrasi POC jerami yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu 50 ml/liter air (d1), 60 ml/liter air (d2), 70 ml/liter air (d3). Kombinasi kedua perlakuan tersebut diperoleh 6 perlakuan yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga terdapat 18 unit perlakuan. Setiap unit penelitian terdiri dari 3 sampel tanaman sehingga diperoleh 54 total unit pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan varietas yang memberikan pertumbuhan dan produksi tertinggi pada tanaman cabai rawit adalah varietas Sonar pada parameter tinggi tanaman (35,41 cm), umur berbunga (38 hari), berat buah tanaman (10,63 g), jumlah buah tanaman (8 buah), dan produksi per unit (31,78 g). Konsentrasi pupuk organik cair jerami yang memberikan pertumbuhan terbaik tanaman cabai rawit adalah konsentrasi 60ml/l pada parameter tinggi tanaman (36,33 cm) dan jumlah daun (28 helai), untuk produksi tertinggi tanaman cabai rawit adalah konsentrasi70ml/l pada parameter berat buah tanaman (12,06 g), jumlah buah tanaman (9 buah) dan produksi per unit (36,17 g). Tidak terdapat interaksi antara varietas dan POC jerami. Chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) is one type of horticulture that is important in the daily lives of Indonesian people because it is used as a mixture of cooking ingredients and is a plant that contains nutritional value needed by the body. The production of chili pepper plants in South Sulawesi Province from BPS data shows that chili pepper production fluctuates, this occurs due to several factors, one of the factors that needs to be considered so that chili pepper production can be optimal is the use of quality seeds from superior varieties and fertilization. This study aims to determine; varieties that provide the highest growth and production in chili pepper plants, the concentration of rice straw POC that provides the highest growth and production of chili pepper plants, the interaction between chili pepper varieties and rice straw POC concentration on the growth and production of chili pepper plants. The study was conducted in Teteaji Village, Tellu Limpoe District, Sidenreng Rappang Regency in March-June 2024. This study used a 2-factor factorial design arranged in a Randomized Block Design (RAK) consisting of 2 factors. The first factor was a variety treatment consisting of 2 levels, namely the Bhaskara variety (v1) and the Sonar variety (v2). While the second factor was a treatment of straw POC concentration consisting of 3 levels, namely 50 ml/liter of water (d1), 60 ml/liter of water (d2), 70 ml/liter of water (d3). Combination of the two treatments, 6 treatments were obtained which were repeated 3 times so that there were 18 treatment units. Each research unit consisted of 3 plant samples so that a total of 54 observation units were obtained. The results of the study showed that the variety that provided the highest growth and production in chili pepper plants was the Sonar variety in the parameters of plant height (35.41 cm), flowering age (38 days), plant fruit weight (10.63 g), number of plant fruits (8 fruits), and production per unit (31.78 g). The concentration of liquid organic fertilizer straw that provides the best growth of chili pepper plants is a concentration of 60 ml/l on the parameters of plant height (36.33 cm) and number of leaves (28 strands), for the highest production of chili pepper plants is a concentration of 70 ml/l on the parameters of plant fruit weight (12.06 g), number of plant fruits (9 fruits) and production per unit (36.17 g). There is no interaction between varieties and straw POC.

Aplikasi Metarhizium spp. dan Ekstrak Serai terhadap Mortalitas Wereng Hijau (Nephotettix virescens) Penyebab Penyakit Tungro pada Tanaman Padi: Applications of Metarhizium spp. and Lemongrass Extract on the Mortality of Green Leafhopper (Nephotettix virescens), the Vector of Tungro Disease in Rice Plants Muh. Hadriansyah. T; Fenny Hasanuddin; Nining Triani Thamrin
Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Cokroaminoto Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30605/perbal.v13i3.6453

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas dan konsentrasi yang tepat dari Metarhizium spp. dan ekstrak serai terhadap mortalitas wereng hijau. Penelitian dilaksanakan di greenhouse BRMP (Badan Perakitan dan Modernisasi Pertanian) Aneka Umbi, Lanrang, Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang pada bulan April-Juli 2025. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan, terdiri dari P0: Aquades, P1: 10 gr Metarhizium spp./100 ml air, P2: 12,5 gr Metarhizium spp./100 ml air, P3: 100 ml ekstrak serai/1000 ml air dan P4: 125 ml ekstrak serai/1000 ml air, diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga diperoleh total 15 unit percobaan yang terdiri 4 sampel masing-masing unit percobaan, sehingga terdapat 60 unit pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan 12,5 gr Metarhizium spp./100 ml air memberikan pengaruh yang sangat nyata terhadap wereng hijau dengan mortalitas 100%, LT50 36 jam dan mematikan wereng hijau pada 2 HSA. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness and appropriate concentration of Metarhizium spp. and lemongrass extract on green leafhopper mortality. The research was conducted in the greenhouse of BRMP (Badan Perakitan dan Modernisasi Pertanian) Aneka Umbi, Lanrang, Sidenreng Rappang Regency, from April to July 2025. This study used a Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments, consisting of P0: Aquades, P1: 10 g Metarhizium spp./100 ml water, P2: 12.5 g Metarhizium spp./100 ml water, P3: 100 ml lemongrass extract/1000 ml water and P4: 125 ml lemongrass extract/1000 ml water, repeated 3 times so that a total of 15 experimental units were obtained consisting of 4 samples for each experimental unit, so there were 60 observation units. The results of the study showed that the treatment of 12.5 g Metarhizium spp./100 ml water had a very significant effect on green leafhoppers with 100% mortality, LT50 36 hours, and killed green leafhoppers at 2 DAA.

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