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Journal : Journal of Applied Geology

Geology and characteristics of Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag skarn deposit at Ruwai, Lamandau Regency, Central Kalimantan Arifudin Idrus; Lucas Donny Setijadji; Fenny Tamba; Ferian Anggara
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 3, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3208.629 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jag.7181

Abstract

This study is dealing with geology and characteristics of mineralogy, geochemistry and physicochemical conditions of hydrothermal fluid responsible for the formation of skarn Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag deposit at Ruwai, Lamandau Regency, Central Kalimantan. The formation of Ruwai skarn is genetically associated with calcareous rocks consisting of limestone and siltstone (derived from marl?) and controlled by NNE-SSW-trending strike slip faults and localized along N 70° E-trending thrust fault, which also acts as contact zone between sedimentary and volcanic rocks in the area. Ruwai skarn is mineralogically characterized by prograde alteration (garnet and clino-pyroxene) and retrograde alteration (epidote, chlorite, calcite and sericite). Ore mineralization is characterized by sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite and Ag-sulphides (particularly acanthite and argentite), which formed at early retrograde stage. Geochemically, SiO2 is enriched and CaO is depleted in limestone, consistent with silicic alteration (quartz and calc-silicate) and decarbonatization of the wallrock. The measured reserves of the deposit are 2,297,185 tonnes at average grades of 14.98 % Zn, 6.44 % Pb, 2.49 % Cu and 370.87 g/t Ag. Ruwai skarn orebody originated at moderate temperature of 250-266 °C and low salinity of 0.3-0.5 wt.% NaCl eq. The late retrograde stage formed at low temperature of 190-220 °C and low salinity of ~0.35 wt.% NaCl eq., which was influenced by meteoric water incursion at the late stage of the Ruwai Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag skarn formation. Keywords: Geology, skarn, mineralogy, geochemistry, Ruwai, Central Kalimantan
NUMERICAL MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF CO2 –ENHANCED COAL-BED METHANE RECOVERY (CO2-ECBMR): THE EFFECT OF COAL SWELLING ON GAS PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE Ferian Anggara; Kyuro Sasaki; Yuichi Sugai
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 7, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1149.699 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jag.26983

Abstract

This presents study investigate the effect of swelling on gas production performances at coal reservoirs during CO2-ECBMR processes. The stressdependent permeability-models to express effect of coal matrix shrinkage/swelling using Palmer and Mansoori (P&M) and Shi and Durucan (S&D) models were constructed based on present experimental results for typical coal reservoirs with the distance of 400 to 800 m between injection and production wells. By applying the P&M and S&D models, the numerical simulation results showed that CH4 production rate was decreasing and peak production time was delayed due to effect of stress and permeability changes caused by coal matrix swelling. The total CH4 production ratio of swelling effect/no-swelling was simulated as 0.18 to 0.95 for permeability 1 to 100 mD, respectively. It has been cleared that swelling affects gas production at permeability 1 to 15 mD, however, it can be negligible at permeability over 15 mD.
CanWe Identify Macroscopic Texture of Coal under Microscopic Analysis Using Standard Petrographic Method? Ferian Anggara; Diyan Pamungkas; Wildan Guntur Prakoso
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 3, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4077.257 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jag.40005

Abstract

Macroscopic texture in coals is not much getting attention to identify, becauseit is believed it doesn’t hold much information about the coal characteristics. It is nottrue because some of important coal characteristics lie in its organic content which is reflected in its macroscopic texture (Moore, 2016). Conventional petrographic method using crushed sample cannot distinguish such feature microscopically, since the macroscopic texture will lose its integrity during the preparation. Petrographic analysis using block samples provide information about microscopic texture that can represents its macroscopic texture. Components in textural analysis are divided into three types based on the size, band (more than 800 μm), lens (20–800 μm) and matrix (less than 20 μm). From the ratio between these three types of component and statistics, later it can be determined that nonbandedsamples have less value of ratio between band and lens per matrix, and there will be a borderline between banded and non-banded samples based on the value. Banded texture in macroscopic feature consists of vitrain bands, and under microscope it can beidentified as band and lens of macerals, while non-banded samples will mostly consist ofmatrix texture. Thus, it can be concluded that petrographic analysis using block samplescan be used to identify microscopic texture representing the macroscopic texture, and can be proven through statistics as used in this research.
Emplacement Temperature of the Overbank and Dilute-Detached Pyroclastic Density Currents of Merapi 5 November 2010 Events using Reflectance Analysis of Associated Charcoal Haryo Edi Wibowo; Anggun Purnama Edra; Agung Harijoko; Ferian Anggara
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 3, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (24981.937 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jag.42445

Abstract

Merapi eruption in 2010 produced 17 km high column of ash and southward pyroclastic density current (PDC). Based on the deposits characteristics and distributions, the PDC is divided into channel and overbank facies (pyroclastic flow), and associated diluted PDC (pyroclastic surge). The hot overbank PDCs and the associated dilute-detached PDCs are the main cause of high casualty (367 fatalities) in medial-distal area (5–16 km), especially near main valley of Kali Gendol. We reported the emplacement temperature of these two deposits using reflectance analysis of charcoal. We used both entombed charcoals in the overbank PDC and charcoals in singed house nearby. Samples were collected on 6–13 km distance southward from summit. Charcoalification temperatures of the entombed charcoals represent deposition temperature of the overbank PDCs, whereas those of charcoals in the singed house resembles temperature of the associated dilute-detached PDCs. Results show mean random reflectance (Ro%) values of entombed charcoal mainly range 1.1–1.9 correspond to temperature range 328–444 °C, whereas charcoal in singed house range 0.61–1.12 with estimated temperature range 304–358 °C. The new temperature data of the dilute-detached PDCs in the medial-distal area is crucial for assessing impact scenarios for exposed populations as it affects them lethally and destructively
Total Sulfur and Ash Yield of Tanjung Formation Coal in Sekako, Barito Basin, Central Kalimantan: Implication of Depositional Process Hendra Amijaya; Beny Wiranata; Ferian Anggara; Agung Rizki Perdana; Oyinta Fatma Isnadiyati; Deddy Nan Setya Putra Tanggara
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2938.647 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jag.53208

Abstract

Tanjung Formation is one of the major coal-bearing deposit in the Barito Basin, Central Kalimantan. The distribution of total sulfur and ash yield in coal is closely related to the depositional environment. This study was to determine the total sulfur and ash yield and the interpretation of the dynamics of depositional process. Coal seam A and B generally have low to medium ash yield 2.82 to 9.23 (wt.%, db) and low total sulfur content of <1 (wt.%, db), except for the 6PLY1 coal sample which has total sulfur content that relatively high at 1.55 (wt.%, db). Coal samples 5PLY1A, 5PLY1B, 5PLY3, 5PLY5, 6PLY2, 6PLY4, 6PLY5, 6PLY7, and 6PLY9 which have low to medium ash yield and low total sulfur content <1% (wt.%, db) are formed in the topogeneous mire (freshwater swamp) in a fluvial environment. The total sulfur content was interpreted to be derived mainly from the parent plant materials. Meanwhile, the 6PLY1 coal sample which has an ash yield of 5.83 (wt.%, db) and total sulfur content of 1.55 (wt.%, db) formed in topogeneous mire in an environment that is invaded by sea water, and the total sulfur content were interpreted coming from the parent plant materials and the effect of seawater invasion which is rich in sulfate (SO4) compounds. It is also supported by the occurrence of syngenetic mineral content (framboidal pyrite) and epigenetic pyrite of 1.23 (vol.%).
Initial Geochemical Assessment of Coaly Source Rocks in Sumatera, Java,and Kalimantan Jyalita, Jasmin; Hendra A, Donatus; Anggara, Ferian
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 8, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jag.72588

Abstract

In Western Indonesia’s petroleum system, one of the hydrocarbon source rocks was deposited in parallic-deltaic environment with high organic content, categorizing it as coaly source rock. This study focused on geochemical characteristics of 25 coal and coaly shale samples from rock outcrops and well representing the Central Sumatra, South Sumatra, South Central Java, Barito, and Kutai Basin, with additional data from previous studies. TOC analysis and Rock-eval Pyrolysis were carried out to reveal the geochemical characteristics and maturation pathway of the source rock. The TOC analysis results showed a value of 0.5-67.73 wt%, indicating poor-excellent source rock potential. Further rock-eval pirolysis exhibits kerogen type II/II-III (excluding samples from Ngimbang Fm.), with gas-dominated hydrocarbon. Hydrocarbon Index ranging from 4-308 mg/gC indicates possible low-moderate quantity of hydrocarbon that can be generated by the source rocks. Despite the overall fair-good source rock potential, Tmax of the samples indicates a very poor maturity level, with only Upper Talang Akar as the mature candidate. Thus, it can be concluded that young source rock candidates in Western Indonesia (limited to the basins studied in this research) initially possess potential in generating hydrocarbons, if it is not for the immature level of most coaly source rock formations.
Unsupervised Machine Learning for Determining Exploration Areas of Valuable Elements and Potential Toxicology Elements: A Case Study of the Bowen Basin Coal, Australia Addintamma, Fajri Zakka; Amaranggana, Adzani Nareswari; Kusuma, Anindya Ayu; Aviliana, Aviliana; Solikh, Mochammad Wildanun; Patria, Aulia Agus; Anggara, Ferian
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 10, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jag.104595

Abstract

Global coal production and demand have increased anually. In addition to its potential as an alternative source of critical elements, coal also has environmental risks through toxicology elements. Australia is the world’s second-largest producer of rare earth elements (REEs) and critical elements, making coal exploration a key focus of the country’s mining strategy. An unsupervised Machine learning algorithm was applied to 56 coal samples from three pits in Bowen Basin, e.g., Blake Central Pit, Blake West Pit, and Bowen No. 2 Pit, to correlate trace elements with the geochemical characteristics of coal, such as proximate and major oxides. Blake West Pit is enriched in Ba, Br, and Sr, which associated with inherent moisture and phosphor (P), extending SE-trend. Blake Central Pit and Blake West Pit are enriched in Hf, Mo, Ta, Th, Y, and REY, which are associated with ash and major elements such as Si, Al, Ti, and K, with a trend of potential exploration towards N-NW. However, both pits show the risk of contamination from the toxic element Zn, which is associated with volatile matter, and major elements e.g., Fe, Mg, and Mn, with a trend of distribution towards S-SW. Based on the correlation analysis and regional geology, trace element enrichment in Bowen Basin is controlled by two main factors: 1) the transgressive phase during Early-Late Permian, which enriched inherent moisture, P, Ba, Br, and Sr, and 2) volcanic activity during Early Permian, which enriched silicate minerals and elements such as Hf, Ta, Th, W, and REY. Unsupervised machine learning has proven effective for preliminary coal characterization to support further exploration.
Unsupervised Machine Learning for Determining Exploration Areas of Valuable Elements and Potential Toxicology Elements: A Case Study of the Bowen Basin Coal, Australia Addintamma, Fajri Zakka; Amaranggana, Adzani Nareswari; Kusuma, Anindya Ayu; Aviliana, Aviliana; Solikh, Mochammad Wildanun; Patria, Aulia Agus; Anggara, Ferian
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 10, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jag.104595

Abstract

Global coal production and demand have increased anually. In addition to its potential as an alternative source of critical elements, coal also has environmental risks through toxicology elements. Australia is the world’s second-largest producer of rare earth elements (REEs) and critical elements, making coal exploration a key focus of the country’s mining strategy. An unsupervised Machine learning algorithm was applied to 56 coal samples from three pits in Bowen Basin, e.g., Blake Central Pit, Blake West Pit, and Bowen No. 2 Pit, to correlate trace elements with the geochemical characteristics of coal, such as proximate and major oxides. Blake West Pit is enriched in Ba, Br, and Sr, which associated with inherent moisture and phosphor (P), extending SE-trend. Blake Central Pit and Blake West Pit are enriched in Hf, Mo, Ta, Th, Y, and REY, which are associated with ash and major elements such as Si, Al, Ti, and K, with a trend of potential exploration towards N-NW. However, both pits show the risk of contamination from the toxic element Zn, which is associated with volatile matter, and major elements e.g., Fe, Mg, and Mn, with a trend of distribution towards S-SW. Based on the correlation analysis and regional geology, trace element enrichment in Bowen Basin is controlled by two main factors: 1) the transgressive phase during Early-Late Permian, which enriched inherent moisture, P, Ba, Br, and Sr, and 2) volcanic activity during Early Permian, which enriched silicate minerals and elements such as Hf, Ta, Th, W, and REY. Unsupervised machine learning has proven effective for preliminary coal characterization to support further exploration.
Co-Authors Addintamma, Fajri Zakka Afrina Septantia Agung Harijoko Agung Rizki Perdana Agus Prasetya Amaranggana, Adzani Nareswari Andre Nouval Anggun Purnama Edra Arifudin Idrus Arsha Maulana Aulia Agus Patria Aviliana, Aviliana Aya Shika Bangun Ayu Safira Mariska, Nanda Ayu Safira Mariska, Nanda Bangun, Aya Shika Beny Wiranata Beny Wiranata Brilian R. Sadewo Cikasimi, Mutiara Dagus Resmana Djuanda Dea Anisa Ayu Besari Deddy Tanggara Dinar Hananto Kurniawan Diyan Pamungkas Donatus Hendra Amijaya Fahrialam, Aldian Febry Yulindra Abdi Saputra Fenny Tamba Friederich, Mike C. Giwangkara, Atifa Maritza Guritno Safitri Muchitawati Gussyak, Selasian Handika M. Prabu Haryo Edi Wibowo Hendra A, Donatus Hidayat, Tantan Himawan T.B.M. Petrus Himawan T.B.M. Petrus Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus Hotden Manurung Hotden Manurung I Made Bendiyasa Isnadiyati, Oyinta Fatma Isyqi Janna Azizah Wijayanti Jarot Setyowiyoto Jessica Trofimovs Jyalita, Jasmin Kezia Kartika Windya Kezia Kartika Windya Kusuma, Anindya Ayu Kyuro Sasaki Laksono Trisnantoro Lucas Donny Setijadji Mardhani Riasetiawan Mike C. Friederich Moore, Tim Allen Moore, Tim. A. Muchitawati, Guritno Safitri Nanda Ayu Safira Mariska Nugroho Imam Setiawan Oyinta Fatma Isnadiyati Pamungkas, Diyan Patria, Aulia Agus Patria, Aulia Agus Perdana, Agung Rizki Petrus, Himawan Tri Bayu Prakoso, Wildan Guntur Purnama Edra, Anggun Putra, Agik Dwika Putra, Ilham Satria Raditya Sarju Winardi Sasaki, Kyuro Septantia, Afrina Shelia F. Hunarko Sinabang, Paul Vito Parluhutan Slamet Sumardi, Slamet Solikh, Mochammad Wildanun Sugai, Yuichi Sujoto, Vincent Sutresno Hadi Supardin Nompo Susilawati, Rita Tamba, Fenny Tangkas, I Wayan Christ Widhi Herman Tim Allen Moore Tim. A. Moore Trofimovs, Jessica Vanisa Syahra Wahyu Wilopo Wibisono, Sigit Arso Widi Astuti Widi Astuti Widya Rosita Wildan Guntur Prakoso Winda Putri Anggraeni Wiranata, Beny Yuichi Sugai Yusup Iskandar