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An Analysis of the Relationship Between Government Spending and Economic Growth in Developing Countries: A Qualitative Analysis of Spending Size, Composition, and Fiscal Efficiency Maulina Nabila; Dayuni Dayuni; Ahmad Bahar Sagita; Gina Puspita; Muhammad Saied
Jurnal Ekonomi, Teknologi dan Bisnis Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Ekonomi, Teknologi dan Bisnis
Publisher : Al-Makki Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57185/80spg373

Abstract

The debate over the relationship between government spending and economic growth in developing countries is never over because the empirical findings are far from uniform. This article examines this relationship through a critical literature review enriched by descriptive analysis of secondary data from the World Development Indicators, the IMF's Fiscal Monitor, and World Bank reports and working papers. The focus of the analysis is placed on three dimensions: the size of spending, the composition of spending, and the efficiency of fiscal management. The results of the synthesis show that government spending does not work automatically as a growth engine. The size of the budget is important, but its influence is largely determined by the structure of spending, the quality of institutions, fiscal space, and the ability of the state to convert spending into physical capital and productive human capital. Public investment spending tends to have a more pronounced growth impact when efficiency is high, fiscal space is adequate, and projects are selectively selected. On the other hand, education and health spending more often shows a gradual impact, with long-term benefits that depend on the quality of services, rather than simply a nominal increase in spending. The main implication is that the fiscal agenda in developing countries should shift from simply enlarging the budget to improving the composition, governance, and effectiveness of public spending.  
The Influence of Indonesian Language in Business Social Media Content Strategies Azka Muharam; Aurelia Widya Astuti; Sayudin Sayudin; Ahmad Bahar Sagita; Muhammad Urfan Ullah
Jurnal Impresi Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 4 (2024): Jurnal Impresi Indonesia
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jii.v1i12.4656

Abstract

Social media has become a vital platform in modern business marketing strategies. This research aims to examine the influence of Indonesian in business social media content strategy and its impact on customer engagement and achieving business goals. We conducted this research using a mixed approach, including social media content analysis, online surveys, and interviews with business professionals. The research results highlight the important role of Indonesians in business social media. Language is the main tool in communicating with customers. Using correct and relevant language in social media content contributes significantly to increasing customer engagement. Posts with language that is clear, easy to understand, and free from language errors get more positive responses, such as likes, comments, and shares, which encourage more active interactions between companies and customers. In addition, this research underlines the importance of understanding local culture and values. Indonesian language that reflects Indonesian culture and social norms can strengthen the emotional bond between companies and customers, create a stronger sense of identity, and reinforce a positive brand image. The research also shows that the use of slang and local expressions can attract a young audience and expand the reach of a business. However, companies must remain careful to stay true to their brand.