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Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 Pada Rantai Pasok Usaha Perikanan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Nizam Zachman, Jakarta Suherman, Agus; Prihantoko, Kukuh Eko; Hernuryadin, Yayan
Buletin Ilmiah Marina Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 8, No 2 (2022): DESEMBER 2022
Publisher : Research Center for Marine and Fisheries Socio-Economic

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/marina.v8i2.11833

Pelabuhan perikanan merupakan sentral bisnis bagi usaha perikanan yang kegiatan hulu-hilir perikanan tangkap ada di Pelabuhan Perikanan. Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Nizam Zachman-Jakarta (PPSJ) merupakan salah satu pusat pendaratan dan distribusi hasil tangkapan yang berasal dari berbagai daerah di Indonesia dan dipasarkan baik domestik maupun luar negeri. Sebagai pelabuhan yang berlokasi di daerah yang memiliki kasus harian Covid-19 di Indonesia, PPSJ juga terkena dampak dari Covid-19 terutama ketika diberlakukannya kebijakan Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat (PPKM) yang menghambat dan menyulitkan pelaku usaha baik dalam kegiatan hulu (penangkapan ikan) maupun dalam distribusi hasil tangkapan ikan (hilir). Oleh karena itu, studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak pandemik Covid-19 terhadap usaha perikanan di PPSJ dari sisi hulu (penangkapan) sampai sisi hilir (pemasaran) dari awal pandemi Covid-19 sampai dengan akhir tahun 2021. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan data tahun 2019 - 2021 yang telah dipublikasikan oleh PPSJ. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa pandemi Covid-19 tidak berdampak terhadap kegiatan operasional di laut seperti operasi penangkapan ikan dan pengangkutan hasil tangkapan dari laut, namun dampaknya sangat terasa pada kegiatan yang berkaitan dengan kegiatan darat seperti pengangkutan ikan melalui transportasi darat ke pelabuhan dan distribusi pemasaran. Kebijakan PPKM yang dikeluarkan pemerintah mengakibatkan terganggunya kegiatan distribusi dan pemasaran melalui transportasi darat di PPSJ. Sebaliknya kebijakan pemerintah dalam memfasilitasi administrasi operasional penangkapan ikan telah membantu nelayan untuk bisa terus melakukan operasi penangkapan ikan. Title: Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Fishery Business Supply Chain in Nizam Zachman Ocean Fishing Port, Jakarta The fishing port is a business center for fishery businesses where the upstream and downstream activities of capture fisheries are in the fishing port. Nizam Zachman-Jakarta Fishery Port (PPSJ) is one of the landing and distribution centers for catches originating from various regions in Indonesia and marketed both domestically and abroad. As a port located in an area that has daily cases of COVID-19 in Indonesia, PPSJ is also affected by COVID-19, especially when the implementation of the Policy for the Enforcement of Community Activity Restrictions (PPKM) which hampers and makes it difficult for business actors both in upstream activities (fishing) and in the distribution of fish catches (downstream). Therefore, this study aims to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on fishery businesses in PPSJ from the upstream side (catching) to the downstream side (marketing) from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic until the end of 2021. The study was conducted using 2019 data. - 2021 which has been published by PPSJ. The results of the study found that the COVID-19 pandemic did not have an impact on operational activities at sea such as fishing operations and transportation of catches from the sea, but the impact was felt on activities related to land activities such as transporting fish via land transportation to ports and marketing distribution. The PPKM policy issued by the government has disrupted distribution and marketing activities through land transportation at PPSJ, on the other hand, the government’s policy in facilitating the administration of fishing operations has helped fishermen to continue to carry out fishing operations.

STATUS PERIKANAN PURSE SEINE DAN KEBIJAKAN PENGELOLAANNYA DI PPS KENDARI, SULAWESI TENGGARA DAN IMPLIKASINYA PADA PERIKANAN BERKELANJUTAN Laksmana, Bayu Arif Pasa; Yasman, Yasman; Hernuryadin, Yayan
Jurnal Kebijakan Perikanan Indonesia Vol 16, No 2 (2024): (November) 2024
Publisher : Badan Penyuluhan dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Manusia Kelautan dan Perikanan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/jkpi.16.2.2024.111-123

Penelitian ini mengevaluasi hasil tangkapan purse seine di Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera (PPS) Kendari, fokus pada ikan cakalang dan tuna sirip kuning di Laut Banda. Analisis ukuran ikan pada Agustus dan September menunjukkan variasi signifikan, dengan mayoritas ikan berukuran juvenile pada Agustus dan sebagian memenuhi ukuran layak tangkap pada September. Meskipun terjadi peningkatan produksi tuna dalam dua tahun terakhir, kebijakan moratorium tampaknya berdampak negatif. Dominasi cakalang dan tuna sirip kuning menyoroti pentingnya pengelolaan perikanan yang efektif, terutama dalam menetapkan peraturan ukuran mata jaring. Dinamika musim penangkapan ikan pelagis besar, seperti cakalang dan tuna sirip kuning, di Laut Banda, membutuhkan pengelolaan adaptif dan praktik penangkapan selektif untuk menjaga keberlanjutan perikanan. Rekomendasi kebijakan mencakup pengelolaan musim penangkapan yang terkoordinasi, peningkatan pengawasan selama bulan dengan tingkat tangkapan tinggi, dan pemantauan suhu permukaan laut serta klorofil. Kebijakan konservasi, termasuk penetapan ukuran minimum tangkapan untuk melindungi ikan juvenil, harus diterapkan, sambil melibatkan nelayan dan masyarakat lokal dalam pengambilan keputusan melalui program edukasi. Dukungan untuk riset lebih lanjut mengenai pertumbuhan dan perilaku ikan cakalang serta tuna sirip kuning menjadi esensial. Kerjasama antara pemerintah, nelayan, industri perikanan, lembaga riset, dan LSM diperlukan untuk mencapai keseimbangan antara pemenuhan kebutuhan manusia dan pelestarian lingkungan laut, terutama di WPP 714 dan 715 di Indonesia Timur.This research evaluates the catch results of purse seine fishing at the Samudera Fishing Port (PPS) Kendari, focusing on skipjack and yellowfin tuna in the Banda Sea. The analysis of fish sizes in August and September reveals significant variations, with the majority being juvenile in August and some reaching catchable sizes by September. Despite increased tuna production over the past two years, the moratorium policy seems to have negatively impacted the catch. The dominance of skipjack and yellowfin tuna underscores the importance of effective fisheries management, particularly in enforcing regulations regarding mesh size. The dynamics of large pelagic fishery seasons, such as skipjack and yellowfin tuna in the Banda Sea, require adaptive management and selective fishing practices to ensure sustainability. Policy recommendations include coordinated management of fishing seasons, enhanced monitoring during high catch months, and improved monitoring of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll. Conservation policies, including setting minimum catch sizes to protect juvenile fish, should be implemented, involving fishermen and local communities in decision-making through educational programs. Further research support on the growth and behavior of skipjack and yellowfin tuna is essential. Collaboration between the government, fishermen, the fishing industry, research institutions, and NGOs is necessary to achieve a balance between human needs and marine environmental conservation, especially in WPP 714 and 715 in Eastern Indonesia.

STRATEGI IMPLEMENTASI PERJANJIAN KERJA LAUT BAGI AWAK KAPAL PERIKANAN: STUDI KASUS DI PELABUHAN PERIKANAN SAMUDERA NIZAM ZACHMAN JAKARTA Nugroho, Kun Budi; Suherman, Agus; Mudzakir, Abdul Kohar; Hernuryadin, Yayan
Jurnal Kebijakan Perikanan Indonesia Vol 16, No 1 (2024): (Mei) 2024
Publisher : Badan Penyuluhan dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Manusia Kelautan dan Perikanan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/jkpi.16.1.2024.85-94

Perjanjian kerja laut (PKL) dibuat sebagai perlindungan atas risiko kerja bagi awak kapal perikanan. Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Nizam Zachman (PPSNZ) merupakan pelabuhan perikanan terbesar di Indonesia, sehingga PKL menjadi sangat penting untuk diimplementasikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan PKL di PPSNZ, merumuskan alternatif strategi, dan menentukan prioritas strategi implementasi PKL di PPSNZ. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Desember 2022 sampai April 2023. Metode deskriptif digunakan dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Wawancara dilakukan terhadap 100 responden yang ditentukan melalui purposive sampling. Analisis SWOT dan AHP digunakan dalam menganalisis data. Implementasi kebijakan mengacu pada teori George C. Edwards III (1980). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa PKL bagi awak kapal perikanan telah diimplementasikan di PPSNZ. Terdapat beberapa kendala dalam implementasi PKL di PPSNZ seperti: adanya awak kapal yang kabur, keterbatasan pemahaman awak kapal, lemahnya basis data dan kurangnya peran asosiasi awak kapal. Urutan prioritas strategi implementasi PKL di PPSNZ adalah mengoptimalkan sumber daya, menciptakan sistem berbasis elektronik dan terintegrasi, pendampingan dan pemberlakuan sanksi, serta sosialisasi.Sea work agreements (PKL) are made as protection against the work risks for fishing vessel crew. Nizam Zachman Ocean Fishing Port (PPSNZ) is the largest fishing port in Indonesia, so PKL is very important to be implemented. This research aims to analyze the implementation of PKL in PPSNZ, formulate alternative strategies, and determine strategic priorities for implementing PKL in PPSNZ. The research was carried out from December 2022 to April 2023. A descriptive method was used with a case study approach. Interviews were conducted with 100 respondents determined using purposive sampling technique. SWOT and AHP analysis were used to analyze the data. Policy implementation refers to the theory of George C. Edwards III (1980). The research results show that PKL for fishing vessel crews has been implemented at PPSNZ. There are several obstacles in the implementation of PKL in PPSNZ such as: crew members who run away, limited understanding of fishing vessel crews, weak databases, and lack of role of ship crew associations. The order of priority for the PKL implementation strategy at PPSNZ is optimizing existing resources, creating an electronic and integrated system, assistance and imposition of sanctions, and socialization.

Scaling Digital Fisheries Management: The Role of e-PIT in Enhancing Data Accuracy and Operational Efficiency Suherman, Agus; Nurul Huda, Hamdan; Timilsina, Raja Rajendra; Hernuryadin, Yayan; Untoro, Firli; Amboro, R. Tono; Sock, Fatou; Koirala, Pankaj
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v17i2.69393

Graphical Abstract Highlight Research The implementation of e-PIT in Indonesia's fisheries governance led to a 475% increase in vessel arrivals from 2022 to 2024. Catch showed a 210% increase in 2024, reaching 1.167 billion kilograms, compared to 2023. The system enabled 161% growth in PHP revenue collection, from Rp 590.85 billion in 2023 to Rp 951.64 billion in 2024. A security evaluation (Pentest) of e-PIT revealed vulnerabilities, and effective security enhancements were made to ensure system reliability and scalability. Abstract The e-PIT system has transformed fisheries management in Indonesia by improving data accuracy, efficiency, and transparency. This study examines the effects of e-PIT from 2022 to 2024, focusing on metrics such as vessel arrivals, catch data, and PHP revenue. A descriptive-exploratory approach was used to compare data before and after e-PIT's implementation. Findings show significant progress: vessel arrivals rose by 475%, catch amounts doubled to 1.167 billion kilograms, and PHP revenue increased by 161% to Rp 951.64 billion in 2024. Daily operations stabilized, with 257 transactions worth IDR 2.6 billion. While a security test found some vulnerabilities like unsecured cookies and outdated server settings, improvements have been made to enhance security, aligning with standards like ISO/IEC 27001. These measures ensure e-PIT's security, scalability, and reliability as a model for digital fisheries governance. The study concludes that e-PIT boosts efficiency, accuracy, and transparency. Recommendations include improving digital infrastructure, cybersecurity, and stakeholder engagement. Despite its focus on specific data and regions, the study offers insights for applying e-PIT in other developing countries, supporting global goals like SDG 14 and the FAO Fisheries Governance Framework.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PENANGKAPAN IKAN TERUKUR DI PELABUHAN PERIKANAN PANTAI TAMPERAN, PACITAN, JAWA TIMUR Nugroho, Prasetyo Catur; Suherman, Agus; Jayanto, Bogi Budi; Hernuryadin, Yayan; Suroso, Wawi; Kurohman, Faik
Jurnal Kebijakan Perikanan Indonesia Vol 17, No 2 (2025): (November) 2025
Publisher : Badan Penyuluhan dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Manusia Kelautan dan Perikanan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/jkpi.17.2.2025.91-104

Penangkapan ikan terukur (PIT) merupakan kebijakan pemerintah untuk mengelola perikanan secara berkelanjutan dengan mengatur zona penangkapan (penetapan pelabuhan perikanan) dan menyesuaikan jumlah tangkapan dengan potensi sumber daya ikan. PPP Tamperan-Pacitan berada di Zona IV merupakan pelabuhan perikanan dibawah pengelolaan Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Timur sebagai Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah (UPTD), aktivitas pendaratan ikan tertinggi di Selatan Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor keberhasilan implementasi PIT, menilai persepsi dan pengalaman pelaku perikanan, serta menguji hubungan keduanya. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan purposive sampling dan sensus, melibatkan 33 responden dari pemilik kapal, pengurus, petugas pelabuhan, dan pengawas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persepsi pelaku perikanan cenderung positif, pengalaman cukup baik meski terkendala fasilitas, modal, dan literasi digital. Uji Chi-Square menghasilkan nilai Pearson 57,433 (sig. 0,000 < 0,05) dengan koefisien kontingensi 0,66, yang menandakan hubungan kuat antara persepsi dan pengalaman. Faktor yang memengaruhi keberhasilan PIT meliputi komunikasi, sarana prasarana, sikap pelaksana, struktur pengelola, dan pelaksanaan kebijakan. Disimpulkan bahwa semakin positif persepsi nelayan, semakin baik pengalaman mereka, sehingga diperlukan peningkatan sosialisasi, penyediaan fasilitas, dan penguatan kapasitas nelayan agar PIT berjalan efektif dan berkelanjutan.Quota-Based Fishing (QBF) is a government policy that aims to maintain the sustainability of fish resources by determining fishing zones and quotas. PPP Tamperan-Pacitan is a fishing port with the highest landing activity in South East Java and is located in Zone IV PIT. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the successfull implementation of QBF, assess the perceptions and experiences of fishery actors, and examine their relationship. A quantitative descriptive method was employed, utilizing purposive sampling, with 33 respondents comprising vessel owners, managers, port officers, and field supervisors. The results show that the factors influencing the successful implementation of QBF include communication, infrastructure, implementers’ attitudes, management structure, and policy execution, all of which were generally rated as good by respondents. Furthermore, the perception of fisheries actors toward the QBF policy tends to be positive. At the same time, their experiences fall into the moderate category, although challenges remain, such as limited facilities, capital, and digital literacy. The Chi-Square test yielded a Pearson value of 57.433 (p < 0.05) with a contingency coefficient of 0.66, indicating a strong and significant relationship between the perceptions and experiences of fisheries actors regarding the implementation of the QBF policy.

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