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Journal : G-Tech : Jurnal Teknologi Terapan

Analysis of Corn Cob Briquette Characteristics Using Different Adhesives in the Pyrolysis Process Mangallo, David; Pagasis, Thomas; Allo, Rombe; Kaiway, Mickael Ruben; Tambing, Enos; Rantepulung, Selyus
G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Vol 9 No 2 (2025): G-Tech, Vol. 9 No. 2 April 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat, Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70609/gtech.v9i2.6635

Abstract

Corn cobs, an abundant agricultural waste, represent a promising alternative energy source when converted into briquettes. This study aimed to characterize corn cob briquettes and determine the optimal adhesive type and concentration for enhanced performance. Charcoal was produced from corn cobs via pyrolysis in repurposed oil drums, then ground and sieved through a 60-mesh screen. The resultant charcoal was combined with either starch or sago starch adhesives at concentrations of 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, and 15% and subsequently molded into honeycomb briquettes using a 4-inch diameter mold with 16 perforations, fabricated from galvanized iron pipes and operated with a hydraulic jack. Proximate analysis indicated moisture levels of 5.37–6.71%, ash levels of 30.64–39.16%, volatile matter levels of 20.61–23.07%, fixed carbon proportions of 32.53–42.44%, and calorific values between 2893 and 3727 kcal/kg. A Water Boiling Test conducted with 1 liter of water demonstrated that briquettes incorporating 7.5% sago starch adhesive achieved boiling within 36 minutes, indicating superior combustion efficiency. These findings confirm the potential of corn cob briquettes as a renewable energy source and underscore the critical role of adhesive formulation in optimizing biomass fuel performance.
Optimization of Hole Variations in Honeycomb Charcoal Briquettes from Corn Waste for Enhanced Combustion Efficiency Agustinus, Agustinus; Allo, Rombe; Tambing, Enos; Rantepulung, Selyus; Kaiway, Mickael Ruben
G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Vol 9 No 2 (2025): G-Tech, Vol. 9 No. 2 April 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat, Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70609/gtech.v9i2.6639

Abstract

This study investigates the viability of corn byproducts as an alternative energy source via conversion into honeycomb charcoal briquettes. Discarded corn byproducts are transformed into briquettes to mitigate fossil fuel reliance, particularly in the Arso region. This research aims to assess the energy output of briquettes with varying perforation configurations (4, 8, and 12 holes) and a diameter of 5 inches. The Water Boiling Test (WBT) method, utilizing temperature measurement tools such as a K-type thermocouple and an infrared thermometer, was utilized for performance assessment. One liter of water was heated to its boiling point during the experiment. The results indicated that the 8-hole briquette had the quickest boiling time of 25 minutes, with a fuel consumption rate of 2.8 × 10⁻³ kg/s. In comparison, the 4 and 12-hole briquettes required 35 minutes, with an average fuel usage of 2.86 g/s. The maximum combustion temperature for the 4-hole briquette was measured at 589°C, while the 12-hole briquette reached a mere 427°C. These outcomes demonstrate that the 8-hole briquette possesses superior efficiency. A decrease in hole quantity adversely affects boiling speed, while an increase in holes results in greater fuel consumption. These findings highlight the importance of optimized briquette design in improving biomass fuel efficiency.
Laboratory-Scale Production of Charcoal from Acacia Wood Werenengga, Tendinus; Joni, Joni; Rantepulung, Selyus; Kaiway, Mickael Ruben
G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan Vol 9 No 4 (2025): G-Tech, Vol. 9 No. 4 October 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat, Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70609/g-tech.v9i4.8146

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the production of charcoal from acacia wood (Acacia spp.) as a sustainable energy alternative, considering the depletion of fossil fuel reserves and the abundance of acacia biomass in Indonesia. The carbonization process was conducted through slow pyrolysis for 5 hours using a 12-kg gas cylinder reactor with used oil as fuel, and 1.8 kg of acacia wood pieces (5 cm in diameter, 5 cm in length) as raw material. The results showed a charcoal yield of 38.89% (0.7 kg), which is higher than the conventional range of 25–35%. Proximate analysis, based on estimates and supporting literature, indicated a moisture content of approximately 3%, volatile matter of 18%, ash content of 4%, and fixed carbon of 75%, meeting the SNI 01-1683-1989 standard for high-quality charcoal. Stable temperature distribution during the process ensured optimal decomposition of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin, producing charcoal with high calorific value and low emissions. These findings confirm the potential of acacia wood as an environmentally friendly charcoal feedstock, with recommendations for further optimization of temperature in the range of 400–600 °C to enhance production efficiency and reduce reliance on unsustainable forest resources.