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All Journal Geosains Kutai Basin Jurnal Meteorologi dan Geofisika
Mutiara Rachmat Putri
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Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Physics

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SUHU PERMUKAAN DAN KANDUNGAN PANAS LAUT PERAIRAN INDONESIA DALAM SATU ABAD TERAKHIR Mutiara Rachmat Putri; Iwan Pramesti Anwar; Ayi Tarya; Idris Mandang
Jurnal Meteorologi dan Geofisika Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan BMKG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31172/jmg.v23i2.841

Abstract

Histori kenaikan suhu permukaan laut (SPL) telah terjadi sejak revolusi industri dunia. Secara alamiah kejadian letusan gunung yang dahsyat dapat pula mempengaruhi suhu air laut hingga kedalaman laut tertentu. Suhu air laut ini sangat mempengaruhi kandungan panas laut, yang berperan penting dalam mengatur kondisi iklim yang terjadi di bumi. Kandungan panas laut di Perairan Indonesia dihitung menggunakan data temperatur berdasarkan data Met Office Hadley Observation “EN 4.1.1” yang merupakan hasil model numerik dan asimilasi data pengamatan, dengan resolusi ruang 1o x 1o dan rentang waktu bulanan dari tahun 1901-2015 atau selama 115 tahun. Kandungan panas laut dihitung di kedalaman 0-100 m dan total kedalaman perairan Indonesia. Kandungan panas laut permukaan di Indonesia dari tahun 1901-2015 mengalami kenaikan sebesar 2x1014 J, namun sebaliknya di kedalaman total turun sebesar -2x1014 J. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perubahan iklim dari interaksi laut udara di permukaan laut, yang ditunjukkan pula adanya trend kenaikan SPL dalam kurun waktu 115 tahun. Pengaruh dari Samudra Pasifik yang masuk melalui Sistem Arus Laut Indonesia diperkirakan menjadi penggerak utama kenaikan kandungan panas laut di Indonesia. Selama indeks Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) memiliki fase positif menyebabkan turunnya kandungan panas di Perairan Indonesia dan sebaliknya fase negatif PDO menyebabkan naiknya kandungan panas laut rata-rata.
Numerical Modeling of Salinity Intrusion in Balikpapan Bay: Assessing the Impact of Upstream River Discharge Scenarios Iwan Pramesti Anwar; Mutiara Rachmat Putri; Ayi Tarya; Idris Mandang; Agus Setiawan
GEOSAINS KUTAI BASIN Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Geophysics Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Mulawarman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/geofisunmul.v9i2.1789

Abstract

Balikpapan Bay, situated in the rapidly evolving Nusantara Capital Region, is significantly susceptible to alterations in freshwater influx resulting from dam construction and the reduction of river discharge. This study utilizes the three-dimensional baroclinic Hamburg Shelf Ocean Model (HAMSOM) to simulate hydrodynamics, temperature, and salinity across various river discharge scenarios. Model validation shows that the model is good enough at capturing the bay's physical processes. The RMSE values are 0.1 m for sea level, 0.1 m/s for current speed, 0.67 psu for salinity, and 1.41°C for temperature. The correlation coefficients are between 0.85 and 0.99. Then, the 50% decrease in discharge raises salinity levels throughout the estuaries. Then a 95% decrease of river discharge leads to long-lasting saline intrusion levels of 34–36 psu. This effect was observed even in areas that are typically dominated by freshwater. The spatial analysis shows that when there is less flow, the system changes to a state where tides are more dominated and marine intrusion is more common. As a result, the influence of freshwater diminishes. These results show how important it is to keep the river discharge at the right level to keep the estuarine balance. They also show how important it is to manage water resources in a way that considers rapid regional growth for environmental sustainability.
Co-Authors AGUS SETIAWAN Anwar, Iwan Pramesti Ayi Tarya Idris Mandang Iwan Pramesti Anwar