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Proposisi dalam Matematika: Pemahaman Tentang Negasi Konjungsi, dan Disjungsi dan Penerapan Operasi Logika dalam Analisis Matematika Prihaten Maskhuliah; Tita Mustikawati Selayar; Aulia Salsabila Putri
Algoritma : Jurnal Matematika, Ilmu pengetahuan Alam, Kebumian dan Angkasa Vol. 3 No. 5 (2025): Algoritma : Jurnal Matematika, Ilmu pengetahuan Alam, Kebumian dan Angkasa
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Matematika dan Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/algoritma.v3i5.744

Abstract

This article examines the concept of propositions in mathematics, which are statements referred to as (closed sentences, false, values, and true values). The discussion covers negation, or what is known as negation, as operations that have truth values and truth tables. In addition, this article examines conjunction, or compound propositions that are true. (the combination of two questions), which involves two propositions with either true or false values. Furthermore, this article also examines disjunction, which involves statements containing conjunctionand also has truth tables. The primary objective is to provide a concise yet comprehensive understanding of propositions as logical and mathematical concepts. In addition, this article examines conjunction, or compound propositions that are true. A conjunction involves two propositions that are combined using the logical operator "and," symbolized by ∧. The conjunction of two propositions is true only when both individual propositions are true. For example, if P is true and Q is true, then the conjunction P ∧ Q is also true. However, if either P or Q is false, the conjunction P ∧ Q becomes false. The truth table for conjunction helps to clarify these conditions. Conjunction is often used in mathematical proofs, where multiple conditions must be satisfied simultaneously for a statement to hold true. Furthermore, this article also examines disjunction, which involves statements containing conjunction and also has truth tables. Disjunction, represented by the symbol ∨, involves two propositions and is true if at least one of the propositions is true. If both propositions are false, the disjunction is false. For instance, if P is false and Q is true, then P ∨ Q is true. The truth table for disjunction provides clarity on how this operation works. Disjunction is frequently used in mathematics and logic to express situations where at least one condition must be satisfied.
Peran Ukuran Pemusatan Dan Letak Data Dalam Evaluasi Statistik Pendidikan Di Sekolah Basmala Siarkanasa; Prihaten Maskhuliah; Faujiah M. Lau; Muh. Rezha Irman; Hasan Lulang
Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen dan Pendidikan | E-ISSN : 3062-7788 Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Juli - September
Publisher : CV. ITTC INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Educational evaluation is not limited to descriptive assessments but requires the application of a structured statistical approach to obtain an objective picture of learning achievement. Measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode) and measures of position (quartiles, deciles, percentiles) play a vital role in mapping students’ score distributions, identifying disparities, and supporting data-driven decision-making. Based on a review of the literature and relevant regulations, including Ministry of Education and Culture Regulation No. 23 of 2016, transparent and accountable evaluation requires the integration of these two types of measures. This study employs a literature review method by examining books, scholarly journals, and official documents. The findings reveal that measures of central tendency provide a summary of the middle value, while measures of position indicate the relative standing of scores within the distribution. Together, they can be used to detect outliers and design more targeted learning interventions. A simulation using hypothetical data demonstrates that applying these measures yields a more accurate categorization of achievements compared to relying solely on the average. In decision-making, the application of both classical and Bayesian statistical methods can improve the accuracy of planning, control, and prediction of learning outcomes. This study underscores that mastering and optimally applying measures of central tendency and position constitutes a strategic step in enhancing the quality of learning evaluation in schools. (Gelman et al., 2013
Pengantar Matematika Modern: Model dan Fungsi Prihaten Maskhuliah; Alfaris Syahdan Nurpratama; Imam Bugis
Konstanta : Jurnal Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Maret : Jurnal Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
Publisher : International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59581/konstanta.v4i1.6055

Abstract

The idea of functions in mathematics and how they are used to build different mathematical models are methodically examined in this publication. Functions are basic mathematical constructs that show relationships between two or more variables in explicit equations, tables, or graphs. The fundamental building blocks of mathematics are functions, which enable the representation of variable interdependencies in a variety of formats, including formal mathematical expressions, data tables, and graphs. The classification of function types, such as linear, quadratic, and exponential, and their corresponding uses in the domains of physics, economics, and epidemiology are the main topics of this study, which takes a descriptive and exploratory approach.This article illustrates how knowledge of functions greatly aids processes through a review of the literature and an examination of secondary sources from current textbooks and academic publications. of judgment, forecasting, and analysis. In both academic and professional contexts, mathematical modeling based on functions has demonstrated efficacy in accurately and efficiently representing real-world occurrences. Thus, the significance of incorporating functional thinking into STEM education and multidisciplinary practice is emphasized in this essay.
Statistika dalam Manajemen Pendidikan Islam: Pengambilan Keputusan Berbasis Data untuk Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan Prihaten Maskhuliah; Duwi Lasmiyati; Siti Aisa Alis; Arsyad S. Tupong
Jurnal Manajemen dan Pendidikan Agama Islam Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Juli: Jurnal Manajemen dan Pendidikan Agama Islam
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Pendidikan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/jmpai.v4i4.2124

Abstract

Decision-making is a fundamental component of Islamic educational management that significantly influences the quality and effectiveness of educational institutions. Sound decisions should be supported by accurate, reliable, and evidence-based information. Therefore, statistical methods play an essential role in collecting, processing, analyzing, and interpreting educational data to produce meaningful information for policy formulation. This article aims to examine the role of educational statistics in Islamic educational management, particularly in supporting data-driven decision-making to enhance educational quality. The study employed a literature review method by analyzing books, journal articles, and other relevant scientific publications related to educational management and statistical applications. The findings indicate that effective data management enables educational leaders to identify institutional challenges, evaluate program performance, allocate resources efficiently, and formulate strategic policies based on empirical evidence. Furthermore, the application of statistics contributes to improving transparency, accountability, and continuous quality improvement within Islamic educational institutions. Consequently, statistics should not only be regarded as a technical tool for data analysis but also as a strategic instrument that supports informed decision-making and sustainable educational development. The integration of statistical approaches into educational management can strengthen institutional governance and improve educational outcomes in Islamic educational settings.
Kesalahan Umum dalam Penarikan Kesimpulan: Kajian Literatur Penalaran Induktif, Deduktif, Modus Ponens dan Modus Tollens Prihaten Maskhuliah; Salwa Rifdah Rizqullah; Sarmila Sarmila
Pentagon : Jurnal Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Juni: Pentagon : Jurnal Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Matematika dan Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/pentagon.v4i2.1013

Abstract

The ability to reason is inherent in humans as rational beings and forms the basis for constructing knowledge and solving everyday problems. Logical thinking enables individuals to express ideas, build valid arguments, and make informed decisions. However, errors in drawing conclusions often occur due to insufficient understanding of systematic reasoning rules. This article aims to explain methods of drawing conclusions based on mathematical logic, including inductive reasoning, deductive reasoning, Modus Ponens, and Modus Tollens, while also discussing common formal reasoning errors. Using a library research method, the discussion focuses on the characteristics, practical applications, and validity of each reasoning method through logical truth tables. The analysis shows that deductive reasoning provides certain conclusions when valid premises are used, whereas inductive reasoning generates general conclusions based on probability derived from empirical observations. The study also identifies common logical fallacies, including affirming the consequent and denying the antecedent, which undermine argument validity. Understanding formal mathematical logic is expected to strengthen critical thinking, support valid argument construction, and help readers avoid reasoning errors in academic writing and everyday decision-making.
Peran Pengantar Matematika Modern dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berfikir Analitis Mahasiswa Prihaten Maskhuliah; Aulia Zaskia Ramadhani; Alfredo Aditya Nugroho; Muklis Rivandi
Pentagon : Jurnal Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Juni: Pentagon : Jurnal Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Matematika dan Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/pentagon.v4i2.1028

Abstract

Analytical thinking is an essential cognitive skill for university students in the digital era, and formal mathematics provides an important context for developing logical and systematic reasoning. This study examines the effectiveness of formal mathematics-based learning interventions in improving students’ analytical thinking skills. A Systematic Literature Review was conducted following the PRISMA protocol by identifying and selecting quantitative empirical studies from reputable scientific databases based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings show that formal mathematics interventions, particularly structured proof-construction activities, significantly improve students’ cognitive performance (p < 0.05). The most notable gains were found in the ability to differentiate premises and organize axiomatic structures. Nevertheless, epistemological obstacles remain a major challenge, accounting for up to 42% of the variance in students’ reasoning scores. These difficulties are mainly associated with the high intrinsic cognitive load caused by the abstract nature of formal mathematics, which may lead to misconceptions when not properly managed. Therefore, educators and curriculum developers should design adaptive learning materials and gradual instructional strategies that reduce cognitive load while preserving the logical-deductive rigor of formal mathematics.  
Penerapan Statistik Manajemen dalam Pengambilan Keputusan di Bidang Administrasi Pendidikan Prihaten Maskhuliah; Sastya Nawangsari; Nirmaya Rumakat; Mohamad Salis Garamatan; Ardiyanto N. Tupong
Karakter : Jurnal Riset Ilmu Pendidikan Islam Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): Agustus: Karakter : Jurnal Riset Ilmu Pendidikan Islam
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidikan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/karakter.v3i3.2406

Abstract

Decision-makers in educational administration face increasingly complex challenges along with the need for accountability, honesty, and quality education services. Based on the book "Statistics of Management and Administration" by Dr. Cucu Supriyatna (2020), the purpose of this article is to examine the application of management statistics as a decision-making tool in educational administration. A literature review using a descriptive-analytical approach was used to collect data from 2020 to 2025. The results indicate that management statistics are crucial in four main aspects: (1) data-driven strategic planning of educational institutions; (2) descriptive analysis for organizing resources; (3) statistical control for monitoring quality; and (4) inferential-based performance evaluation. This study concludes that incorporating management statistics into the educational administration cycle can improve decision-making fairness, reduce personal bias, and enhance the accountability of educational institutions. This study concludes that the integration of management statistics into the educational administration cycle can improve the quality of decision-making, strengthen institutional accountability, reduce reliance on individual subjectivity, and create a more transparent and data-driven culture of educational management.
Dari Benci Jadi Suka: Saat Kamu Mulai Mengenal Matematika Bunga Puspita Sari; Kiran Firjayanti; Prihaten Maskhuliah
Pentagon : Jurnal Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Juni: Pentagon : Jurnal Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Matematika dan Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/pentagon.v4i2.1039

Abstract

Mathematics is a fundamental discipline that develops logical, critical, systematic, and creative thinking skills. However, many students perceive mathematics as difficult and intimidating, reducing their motivation and interest in learning. These perceptions often stem from ineffective teaching methods, limited conceptual understanding, negative learning experiences, and mathematics anxiety rather than the nature of mathematics itself. This study aims to explore the view that students do not inherently dislike mathematics but have not experienced meaningful and engaging learning approaches. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method using a library research approach. Data were collected from books, scientific journals, and educational articles and analyzed through content analysis. In addition, an online educational news article was examined to identify spelling and writing errors based on the Indonesian Spelling Guidelines (EYD Fifth Edition). The findings reveal that students' perceptions of mathematics are influenced by instructional methods, previous learning experiences, environmental support, and self-confidence. Contextual, interactive, and technology-assisted learning approaches can improve motivation and foster more positive attitudes toward mathematics. The language analysis also identified inaccuracies in capitalization, prepositions, punctuation, and loanword spelling in online news articles. These findings highlight the importance of collaboration among teachers, parents, schools, and the media in creating meaningful mathematics learning while promoting accurate Indonesian language use. Ultimately, students are expected to develop a more positive perception of mathematics by recognizing its relevance to daily life and experiencing engaging, enjoyable, and meaningful learning.
Penerapan Garis Bilangan Riil dalam Memahami Konsep Dasar Nilai Mutlak Prihaten Maskhuliah; Salwa Rifdah Rizqullah; Sarmila Sarmila
Algoritma : Jurnal Matematika, Ilmu pengetahuan Alam, Kebumian dan Angkasa Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Algoritma : Jurnal Matematika, Ilmu pengetahuan Alam, Kebumian dan Angkasa
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Matematika dan Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/algoritma.v4i4.1040

Abstract

Absolute value is a fundamental mathematical concept that supports advanced topics, including algebra, calculus, and numerical analysis. Although often regarded as simple, absolute value involves considerable conceptual complexity. Many students develop misconceptions because conventional instruction tends to emphasize procedures rather than meaning. As a result, students often understand absolute value only as a rule for positive numbers or as a way to remove a minus sign. This limited understanding causes difficulty, confusion, and errors when students encounter formal definitions, absolute value equations, inequalities, and complex mathematical models. Therefore, this qualitative literature study aims to describe the use of the real number line as a concrete visual representation that can bridge the abstract nature of absolute value. The study was conducted through an in-depth review of literature, articles, textbooks, and previous research findings. The results indicate that a visual approach using the real number line is effective in developing students’ intuition. Through this representation, absolute value can be interpreted as distance. In a single-point context, the symbol represents the number of steps from the position of x to the reference point zero. In a two-point context, subtraction can be represented as the distance between two points, such as the distance from point A to point B. This distance-based approach also helps students understand the commutative property of absolute value logically and reduces calculation errors caused by reliance on formal formulas. Overall, the real number line can reduce procedural misconceptions and promote a complete, meaningful, and durable conceptual understanding of absolute value.
Sistem Bilangan Bulat sebagai Dasar Teori Bilangan Prihaten Maskhuliah; Aulia Salsabila Putri; Dewi Mawaddah Rumaf; Tita Mustikawati Selayar; Alfaris Syahdan Nurpratama; Iman Bugis; Erna Bugis
JURNAL RISET RUMPUN MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Agustus : JURRIMIPA: Jurnal Riset Rumpun Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/jurrimipa.v5i2.10061

Abstract

Integers are one of the fundamental concepts in number theory that serve as the foundation for studying various more complex mathematical topics. This article aims to describe the integer number system, including its definition, properties, and basic operations on integers. This article was written using a qualitative research method with a literature review approach, specifically through the examination of various books and scientific sources relevant to number theory. The results of the study indicate that the integer system consists of negative integers, zero, and positive integers, which possess the properties of closure, commutativity, associativity, distributivity, identity, and the inverse of addition. Furthermore, the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of integers follow interrelated rules, thereby forming a consistent system for solving various mathematical problems. An understanding of the concepts, properties, and operations of integers is expected to serve as a strong foundation for studying number theory and to enhance a more comprehensive understanding of mathematical concepts.