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Hydroxyapatite as Delivery and Carrier Material: Systematic Literature Review with Bibliometric Analysis Noviyanti, Atiek Rostika; Adzkia, Qurratu Aini Alya; Novella, Indrika; Kurnia, Irwan; Suryana, S.; Ma'Amor, Azman Bin; Irwansyah, Ferli Septi
ASEAN Journal of Science and Engineering Vol 4, No 2 (2024): AJSE: September 2024
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ajse.v4i2.70223

Hydroxyapatite (HA), a bioactive calcium phosphate compound, has garnered significant attention in biomedical and pharmaceutical research due to its remarkable properties as a delivery and carrier material. This review aims to comprehensively analyze the extensive research surrounding HA's applications in drug delivery and as a carrier for various therapeutic agents, encompassing various studies from scientific articles focusing on HA-based systems designed for drug delivery, tissue engineering, and other therapeutic applications. The review also investigates the HA synthesis and modification methods for tailored drug release profiles, as well as the interaction between HA and bioactive molecules. Key findings from the review include the versatility of HA as a biocompatible carrier, its ability to facilitate controlled drug release, and its potential to enhance tissue regeneration. The review identifies trends in HA-based delivery systems, highlighting recent advances and emerging research directions, as well as providing valuable insights into the current state of HA-based drug delivery and carrier materials, shedding light on the potential of HA to revolutionize the field of biomedicine. It serves as a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and pharmaceutical professionals seeking to harness the capabilities of HA in developing innovative therapeutic strategies.

Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Particles using Banana Peels and Tea Leaves Extracts for Rhodamine B Photodegradation Pratomo, Uji; Fransisca, Natasha; Afriani, Zahra; Sinambela, Ayu Jelita; Zahra, Nazwa Alya; Suwarno, Nelson Indarto; Sumeru, Husain Akbar; Kurnia, Irwan; Primadona, Indah; Edwin, Rudiawan
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI, Volume 10, No. 2, November 2024
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v10i2.41793

Rhodamine B is a widely used dye in the textile sector. However, the wastewater produced during the dyeing process presents a notable source of pollution, contaminating water and posing a threat to aquatic ecosystems due to its presence in liquid waste. Photocatalysis is a technique for breaking down toxic textile dye waste a semiconductor as a catalyst, valued for its high sensitivity and eco-friendly nature. In this research, zinc oxide particles were synthesized via a green synthesis approach using precipitation, employing natural capping agents from banana peel and tea leaf to degrade the synthetic dye of rhodamine B. The catalyst material was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance (UV-DRS). The photodegradation performance of rhodamine B was determined under UV light exposure for 3 hours. The XRD spectra of ZnO show the specific peaks of 2θ at 31.8°, 34.5°, and 36.3° with a crystallinity value of around 79.50%. The SEM result shows that the morphology of ZnO is in cotton-like form with a minimum band gap of 3.17 eV. The cotton-like ZnO particles demonstrated superior photodegradation efficiency for Rhodamine B, achieving 61.8%, compared to 47.9% with pure ZnO. It suggests that synthesizing ZnO particles with banana peels and tea leaf extracts boosts photodegradation efficiency by up to 20% compared to pure ZnO. This research highlights the potential of utilizing eco-friendly and sustainable methods as a greener approach for reducing waste in environmental applications.

A Review on Hydroxyapatite: Properties, Its Composite, and Its Slow-Release Fertilizers Application Hemzah, Sabila Aulia; Noviyanti, Atiek Rostika; Kurnia, Irwan; Hardian, Arie; Irwansyah, Ferli Septi; Ma’Amor, Azman
Jurnal Kartika Kimia Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Kartika Kimia
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of Jenderal Achmad Yani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26874/jkk.v8i1.913

Hydroxyapatite (HAp), a natural mineral form of calcium apatite, has recently received significant attention due to its potential application as a slow-release fertilizer. This review aims to comprehensively analyze HA and its composites, focusing on properties, synthesis methods, and nutrient release mechanisms in agricultural applications. HA's high biocompatibility, excellent adsorption capacity, and ability to release nutrients gradually make it an ideal candidate for increasing soil fertility and crop yields. This review also explores the incorporation of other materials, such as urea, carboxylated cellulose, and montmorillonite, to form HA composites, thereby increasing their efficiency as fertilizer. In addition, the environmental benefits of using HA-based fertilizers, such as reduced nutrient leaching and improved soil health, were also investigated. Challenges and future perspectives are also discussed, emphasizing the need for further research to optimize these materials for practical agricultural use. This review highlights the potential of HA and its composites to revolutionize sustainable agriculture by providing a controlled and efficient nutrient release system.

Yield and Characteristics of Biodiesel from Variations in the Mass Ratio of Waste Cooking Oil Mixtures with Different Waste Sources through Homogeneous Catalyzed Esterification and Transesterification Reactions: Rendemen dan Karakteristik Biodiesel dari Variasi Rasio Massa Campuran Limbah Minyak Goreng dengan Perbedaan Sumber Limbah Melalui Reaksi Esterifikasi dan Transesterifikasi Berkatalis Homogen Haryono; Noviyanti, Atiek Rostika; Kurnia, Irwan
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 26 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : BRIN Publishing (Penerbit BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/jtl.2025.8170

Abstrak Bahan bakar fosil sebagai sumber dominan pemenuhan kebutuhan energi merupakan sumber energi tak terbarukan, sehingga cadangannya akan semakin berkurang seiring dengan peningkatan laju konsumsinya. Biodiesel memiliki potensi sebagai bahan bakar menjanjikan yang dapat menggantikan bahan bakar fosil. Biodiesel digunakan sebagai energi terbarukan dan berkelanjutan karena kandungan sulfur yang hampir tidak ada, netral karbon, dan tidak beracun bagi lingkungan. Biodiesel dapat dihasilkan dari asam lemak yang diperoleh dari beberapa bahan baku, seperti minyak nabati, lemak hewan, dan limbah minyak goreng. Namun demikian, pemanfaatan minyak non pangan sebagai bahan baku produksi biodiesel merupakan langkah strategis. Limbah minyak goreng (LMG) sebagai salah satu jenis minyak non pangan memiliki karakteristik bervariasi. Karakteristik dari limbah minyak goreng tersebut akan mempengaruhi kualitas dan jumlah produksi biodiesel. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan pengaruh komposisi (rasio massa) campuran LMG dari sumber limbah berbeda (ayam goreng, AG; seafood, SF; dan gorengan, GR) sebagai bahan baku pada sintesis biodiesel dengan katalis asam sulfat dan kalium hidroksida. Penelitian diawali dengan pencampuran LMG dengan variasi komposisi LMG (LMG-AG:LMG-SF:LMG-GR) sebagai rasio massa R1(2:3:1), R2(2:2:2), R3(1:2:3), dan R4(3:1:2). Tahap berikutnya adalah pemurnian dan karakterisasi terhadap campuran LMG, esterifikasi dengan katalis asam sulfat, transesterifikasi dengan katalis kalium hidroksida, pemurnian biodiesel, dan karakterisasi biodiesel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sintesis biodiesel dari campuran LMG dengan komposisi R3 menghasilkan biodiesel dengan rendemen tertinggi, yaitu 92,12%. Sedangan biodiesel dari campuran LMG dengan komposisi R1 memiliki karakteristik paling sesuai dengan standar kualitas biodiesel menurut Keputusan Dirjen EBTKE tahun 2022 berdasarkan parameter-parameter yang diuji. Abstrak Fossil fuels, as the dominant source of meeting energy needs, are non-renewable energy sources, so their reserves will decrease as the rate of consumption increases. Biodiesel has the potential to be a promising fuel that can replace fossil fuels. Biodiesel is a renewable and sustainable energy source because it contains almost no sulfur, is carbon neutral, and is non-toxic to the environment. Biodiesel can be produced from fatty acids from several raw materials, such as vegetable oil, animal fat, and waste cooking oil. However, using non-food oil as raw material for biodiesel production is a strategic step. Cooking oil waste, as a type of non-food oil, has varied characteristics. The characteristics of waste cooking oil will affect the quality and quantity of biodiesel production. The research aims to determine the effect of the composition (mass ratio) of WCO mixtures from different waste sources (fried chicken, AG; seafood, SF; and fried foods, GR) as raw materials on the synthesis of biodiesel with sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide catalysts. The research began with mixing WCO with variations in WCO composition (WCO-AG:WCO-SF:WCO-GR) as mass ratios R1(2:3:1), R2(2:2:2), R3(1:2:3), and R4(3 :1:2). The next stage is purification and characterization of the WCO mixture, esterification with a sulfuric acid catalyst, transesterification with a potassium hydroxide catalyst, biodiesel purification, and biodiesel characterization. The research results showed that the synthesis of biodiesel from a mixture of WCO with R3 composition produced biodiesel with the highest yield, namely 92.12%. Meanwhile, biodiesel from the WCO mixture with composition R1 has the characteristics that best comply with biodiesel quality standards according to the Decree of the Director General of EBTKE in 2022, based on the parameters tested.

Comparative Study on Magnetic Activated Carbon Derived from Delignified and Non-delignified Palm Kernel Shell: Synthesis, Characterization, and Methylene Blue Adsorption Analysis Waluyo, Joko; Nabila, Zahrani Putri; Putra, Ariadi Indra; Purba, Ibnu Tryansar; Izzulhaq, Muhammad Ghozy; Kurnia, Irwan; Septian, Ardie; Ernawati, Lusi
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 57 No. 4 (2025): Vol. 57 No. 4 (2025): August
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2025.57.4.10

Indonesia is the global leader in palm oil production, but it deals with significant challenges in managing palm oil mill waste, particularly palm kernel shells (PKS). This study investigated palm kernel shell (PKS) as a precursor for synthesizing magnetic activated carbon (MAC) to enhance its performance as an adsorbent for liquid waste treatment. The precursor was delignified using alkali liquor and magnetized by incorporating Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions, followed by chemical activation (ZnCl₂) through an intermediate pyrolysis process. The performances of delignified and non-delignified MAC (DMAC and NDMAC) were evaluated through methylene blue adsorption tests (25–45 mg/L), focusing on adsorption capacity, dye removal efficiency, as well as isotherm and kinetic analysis. DMAC demonstrated a larger surface area, leading to enhanced adsorption performance. Morphological analysis revealed that delignification had a positive influence on the pore structure and size, resulting in a more uniform distribution. DMAC exhibited an adsorption capacity 16.3% higher (35.3 mg/g) in the equilibrium phase and 16.6% higher at maximum adsorption capacity (50.25 mg/g) according to the Langmuir isotherm. Furthermore, the inclusion of iron ions (Fe2+/Fe3+) promoted pore expansion and formation in the precursor material. The study found the Langmuir isotherm model (R² = 0.999) to be the best fit for methylene blue adsorption, while the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R² = 0.9958) demonstrated an excellent fit for adsorption kinetics. The findings confirm that DMAC and NDMAC derived from PKS are effective for methylene blue dye adsorption, technically.

Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Particles using Banana Peels and Tea Leaves Extracts for Rhodamine B Photodegradation Pratomo, Uji; Fransisca, Natasha; Afriani, Zahra; Sinambela, Ayu Jelita; Zahra, Nazwa Alya; Suwarno, Nelson Indarto; Sumeru, Husain Akbar; Kurnia, Irwan; Primadona, Indah; Edwin, Rudiawan
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI, Volume 10, No. 2, November 2024
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v10i2.41793

Rhodamine B is a widely used dye in the textile sector. However, the wastewater produced during the dyeing process presents a notable source of pollution, contaminating water and posing a threat to aquatic ecosystems due to its presence in liquid waste. Photocatalysis is a technique for breaking down toxic textile dye waste a semiconductor as a catalyst, valued for its high sensitivity and eco-friendly nature. In this research, zinc oxide particles were synthesized via a green synthesis approach using precipitation, employing natural capping agents from banana peel and tea leaf to degrade the synthetic dye of rhodamine B. The catalyst material was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance (UV-DRS). The photodegradation performance of rhodamine B was determined under UV light exposure for 3 hours. The XRD spectra of ZnO show the specific peaks of 2θ at 31.8°, 34.5°, and 36.3° with a crystallinity value of around 79.50%. The SEM result shows that the morphology of ZnO is in cotton-like form with a minimum band gap of 3.17 eV. The cotton-like ZnO particles demonstrated superior photodegradation efficiency for Rhodamine B, achieving 61.8%, compared to 47.9% with pure ZnO. It suggests that synthesizing ZnO particles with banana peels and tea leaf extracts boosts photodegradation efficiency by up to 20% compared to pure ZnO. This research highlights the potential of utilizing eco-friendly and sustainable methods as a greener approach for reducing waste in environmental applications.

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