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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat
Sean, Sherlyn
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Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Re-Emergence of Ampicillin Sensitive Salmonella Typhi and the Increase of Ciprofloxacin Resistance in Typhoid Fever Treatment in Asia: A Systematic Review Tanjaya, Felicity; Nathan, Johan; Nainggolan, Ita Margaretha; Moehario, Lucky; Thantry, Anita Devi Krishnan; Tunru, Andi Miyanza Lakipadada; Sean, Sherlyn
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v12i1.42305

Abstract

Typhoid fever is a disease caused by Salmonella Typhi infection. In 2000, 2.16 million people were affected worldwide, with more than 90% morbidity and mortality in Asia. Ampicillin is the first-line antibiotic used for typhoid management. However, the rise in resistance to first-line antibiotics has shifted ciprofloxacin as an alternative.  This study aimed to describe the trends in ciprofloxacin- and ampicillin-resistant Salmonella Typhi in Asia. This study was a systematic review that conformed to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria. Search was indicated toward studies on Salmonella Typhi susceptibility toward ciprofloxacin and ampicillin were identified using PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest. Of the 1542 studies found, only 16 fulfilled the criteria. In 1996, Salmonella Typhi was not found to be resistant to ciprofloxacin, whereas 3.5% was resistant to ampicillin. In 2005, ciprofloxacin resistance increased to 19.3%, whereas ampicillin resistance decreased to 13.3%. In 2005-2014, a larger number of Salmonella Typhi isolates resistant to ciprofloxacin than to ampicillin. Furthermore, during 2016-2019, resistance to ciprofloxacin increased from 8.1% to 95%, while ampicillin resistance increased from 27.5% to 85.2%. This the high ampicillin resistance in South and East Asia. In Asia, there was an increase in ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella typhi from 1996 to 2019, whereas ampicillin-resistant Salmonella Typhi decreased from 1996 to 2015.  Between 2016 and 2019, contrasting evidence was found in East Asia and South Asia, where resistance toward ampicillin increased.
Artificial Intelligence in Type II Diabetes Mellitus: Screening, Treatment, and Complication Lians, Airine Stefanie; Tunru, Andi Miyanza Rezkyawan Lakipadada; Chindia, Chindia; Prasetyo, Juan Alexandra; Kie, Justin; Christian, Raffael; Sean, Sherlyn; Larasati, Victoria; Yen, Liauw Djai
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 20 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v20i4.1138

Abstract

Type II diabetes mellitus is one of the chronic metabolic diseases that are associated with insulin resistance. Type II diabetes mellitus incidence continues to increase each year and may cause various health complications, even death. Addressing early detection and appropriate treatment is important in decreasing the incidence of type II diabetes mellitus and improving the quality of life in diabetic patients. The potential of artificial intelligence in healthcare is expected to assist in screening, therapy management, and even detection of type II diabetes mellitus complications. Despite limited literature, this study aims to understand the benefit of AI in assisting health workers in screening and managing type II diabetes mellitus. Searches are conducted with search engines, such as PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, with the keywords “Artificial Intelligence” and “Diabetes Mellitus Type 2”, as well as their synonyms. The search results in twenty English and Indonesian studies were published in the last ten years. These various studies found that many Artificial intelligence models developed to assist in screening, therapy management, and detect complications in patients with type II diabetes mellitus.
Nerve Stimulation: Sebuah Inovasi Terbaru sebagai Alternatif Pengobatan Gangguan Pemusatan Perhatian dan Hiperaktivitas Sean, Sherlyn; Siyulan, Jennifer Rachel; Heriyanto, Michella Chiara; Surilena
SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/scripta.v4i1.8426

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Gangguan pemusatan perhatian dan hiperaktivitas (GPPH) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan jiwa di dunia dan angka kejadian GPPH masih cukup tinggi di Indonesia. Hingga kini, standar regimen yang digunakan adalah farmakoterapi dengan obat golongan psikostimulan yang dinilai kurang baik karena memiliki berbagai efek samping. Sebagai alternatif, terdapat inovasi terbaru, yaitu nerve stimulation, yang merupakan sebuah prosedur non-invasif dan dapat ditoleransi dengan baik. Nerve stimulation dapat dilakukan melalui rangsangan elektrik pada saraf trigeminus (Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation) dan saraf vagus (Vagus Nerve Stimulation). Tujuan: Mencari terapi alternatif dengan efektivitas tinggi dan efek samping minimal dalam tatalaksana GPPH. Metode: Pada literature review ini, dilakukan penelusuran kata kunci “nerve stimulation”, “transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation”, “trigeminal nerve stimulation”, dan “GPPH” melalui beberapa search engine. Setelah itu, dilanjutkan dengan skrining dimana diperoleh 6 jurnal yang selanjutnya ditinjau secara seksama. Pembahasan: Pasien dengan GPPH mengalami gangguan regulasi neurotransmitter dimana terdapat penurunan dopamin, GABA dan norepinefrin. Penggunaan nerve stimulation dipercaya dapat menjadi terapi efektif untuk pasien GPPH. Uji klinis terhadap nerve stimulation pada saraf trigeminus telah menunjukan penurunan nilai ADHD-IV Rating Scale dan Conners Global Index. Stimulasi saraf vagus juga menunjukkan peningkatan produksi neurotransmitter GABA dan norepinefrin dengan cara merangsang beberapa regio di otak terutama nucleus tractus solitarius dan locus coeruleus. Kesimpulan: Salah satu terapi mutakhir yang dapat digunakan dalam pengobatan GPPH adalah dengan menggunakan alat nerve stimulator. Secara keseluruhan, nerve stimulation memberikan efek yang baik pada pengobatan GPPH. Terapi nerve stimulation relatif aman dengan efek samping minimal yang dapat ditoleransi pada mayoritas individu.
Co-Authors Chindia, Chindia Christian, Raffael Heriyanto, Michella Chiara Kie, Justin Larasati, Victoria Lians, Airine Stefanie Moehario, Lucky Nainggolan, Ita Margaretha Nathan, Johan Prasetyo, Juan Alexandra Siyulan, Jennifer Rachel Surilena Tanjaya, Felicity Thantry, Anita Devi Krishnan Tunru, Andi Miyanza Lakipadada Tunru, Andi Miyanza Rezkyawan Lakipadada Yen, Liauw Djai