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All Journal Kertha Semaya Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)
Wahyuning, Baiq Nadia Risna
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Dentistry Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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MANDATORY SPENDING DALAM MEMENUHI HAK KESEHATAN WARGA NEGARA: BAGAIMANA TANGGUNG JAWAB PEMERINTAH? Wahyuning, Baiq Nadia Risna; Noor, M. Tauchid; Pramono, Budi
Kertha Semaya : Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol 12 No 10 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/KS.2024.v12.i10.p20

Abstract

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis tanggung jawab hukum pemerintah di bidang kesehatan terkait belanja wajib. Metode penelitian menggunakan penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan undang-undang yang berkaitan dengan materi yang dipelajari. Hasil penelitian ini bahwasanya Penghapusan Mandatory Spending sangat berpengaruh terhadap pelaksanaan kewajiban negara di dalam UUD 1945 yang berakibat pada ketiadaan kewajiban pemerintah dalam bertanggung jawab melaksanakan pemenuhan hak konstitusional warga negara seperti meningkatnya kasus dalam program unggulan, menurunnya kasus AHH, dan mislokasi anggaran dana ke daerah-daerah. Kemudian, terkait dengan tanggung jawab hukum pemerintah dalam pemenuhan hak konstitusional warga negara terdapat dalam UU Kesehatan yang lama yaitu adanya kegiatan mandatory spending. Penghapusan kegiatan mandatory spending mempengaruhi tanggung jawab pemerintah. Tak terlaksananya kewajiban tersebut berhubungan dengan hukum administrasi negara yang apabila kewajiban tersebut tidak dilaksanakan dengan baik, hal tersebut termasuk dalam kategori perbuatan melawan hukum oleh penguasa (PMHP). PMHP dapat diadili di dalam pengadilan tata usaha negara. The aim of this research is to analyze the government's legal responsibilities in the health sector regarding mandatory spending. The research method uses normative research with a conceptual approach and a legal approach related to the material studied. The results of this research are that the abolition of mandatory spending has had a significant impact on the implementation of state obligations in the 1945 Constitution, which has resulted in the absence of the government's responsibility to implement the constitutional rights of citizens, such as increasing cases in superior programs, decreasing cases of AHH, and misallocating budget funds to regions. area. Then, related to the government's legal responsibility in providing citizens' constitutional rights contained in the old Health Law, namely the existence of a mandatory spending program. Elimination of mandatory spending activities that affect government responsibilities. Failure to carry out these obligations is related to state administrative law, which if these obligations are not carried out properly, this falls into the category of unlawful acts by the authorities (PMHP). PMHP can be tried in state administrative courts.
Characteristics of chitosan from Penaeus monodon on chitosan-gelatin suspension viscosity Prananingrum, Widyasri; Setiawan, Grace Caroline; Putri, Vindya Meinda; Wahyuning, Baiq Nadia Risna; Rahmitasari, Fitria; Sularsih, Sularsih; Ramadhania, Nurina Rizka; Fatmawati, Sri
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 58 No. 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v58.i2.p135-143

Abstract

Background: Chitosan synthesized from Penaeus monodon shells was developed into a chitosan-gelatin suspension as an injectable bone substitute for socket preservation. Purpose: To investigate the characteristics of chitosan from P. monodon shells and their influence on the viscosity of a chitosan-gelatin suspension. Methods: P. monodon shells from Tarakan Waters were prepared using three methods: Group 1) deproteinization-depigmentation-deacetylation, Group 2) demineralization-depigmentation-deacetylation, and Group 3) deproteinization-demineralization-depigmentation-deacetylation. The chitosan was characterized by morphology, moisture and ash content, molecular weight (MW), deacetylation degree (DD), and viscosity. This chitosan was made into a chitosan-gelatin suspension with a ratio of 45:55 (w/w%) (95 ml:110 ml). The differences in viscosity of the chitosan-gelatin suspension were determined using Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests. The effects of the chitosan’s MW and DD on the viscosity of the chitosan-gelatin suspension were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation. Results: Group 2 had the highest moisture content (10.63%), MW (159.68 kDa), viscosity of the chitosan powder (5.53 dPa.s), and viscosity of the chitosan-gelatin suspension (40.20 cps). Group 1 had the highest ash content (27.83%) and DD (93.72%). Group 3 showed the lowest ash content (1.06%), MW (37.12 kDa), and DD (86.22%), but it had good viscosity of the chitosan-gelatin suspension (37.25 cps). A significant difference in viscosity was found between the chitosan-gelatin suspension groups. Spearman’s correlation coefficients between the viscosity of the chitosan-gelatin suspension and MW and between the viscosity of the chitosan-gelatin suspension and DD were 0.389 and −0.195, respectively. Conclusion: The viscosity of a chitosan-gelatin suspension is influenced by the MW and DD of the chitosan powder. Chitosan from P. monodon can potentially be an injectable bone substitute in socket preservation.
Co-Authors BUDI PRAMONO Fitria Rahmitasari Noor, M. Tauchid Putri, Vindya Meinda Ramadhania, Nurina Rizka Setiawan, Grace Caroline SRI FATMAWATI Sularsih, S Widyasri Prananingrum