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Enin, Godwin Ndarake
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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In vivo Alpha-amylase and Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitory Potentials of Panicum maximum Jacq. (Guinea grass) Leaf Extract on Wister Rats Enin, Godwin Ndarake; Okokon, Jude Efiom; David, Enobong Mfon; Emmanuel, Saviour Elisha; Ekanem, Esther Michael; Antia, Bassey Sunday
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.122.681-685

Abstract

Panicum maximum Jacq. (Guinea grass) a medicinal plant used traditionally in the treatment of diseases including diabetes was evaluated for its effect on alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase enzymes in vivo. The crude ethanol extracts (150, 300 and 450 mg/kg) of P. maximum were investigated using starch, sucrose, glucose and maltose as substrates and acarbose as reference drug. The leaf extract caused significant (p<0.05) reduction in blood glucose levels of the treated rats with the four substrates used. The findings show that the leaf extract of Panicum maximum has the potentials to inhibit alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase in rats.
Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Dissotis erecta (Guill. & Perr.) Dandy Flowers Ita, Basil Nse; Enin, Godwin Ndarake; Udo, Itoro Esiet
Sciences of Phytochemistry Volume 4 Issue 1
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphy0401297

Abstract

Dissotis erecta is a shrubby herb belonging to the Melastomataceae family, commonly found in Nigeria. It is widely recognized for its diverse ethnomedicinal applications, including treating edema, diarrhea, stomach discomfort, and rheumatism. Alongside other plant parts, its flowers, rich in biologically active compounds, are valued for their aesthetic appeal and potential health benefits. This study assessed the antioxidant properties, total phenolic, total flavonoid, and bioactive contents of the methanolic extract of D. erecta flowers. The antioxidant properties were determined by the DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing activity, and metal chelating assay. The extract demonstrated strong DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity, metal chelating ability, and reducing power, with IC50 values of 79.84 ± 0.64 µg/mL, 125.77 ± 2.64 µg/mL, 87.89 ± 0.91 µg/mL, and 71.71 ± 0.55 µg/mL, respectively. Phytocompounds such as alkaloids, sterols, and terpenoids were present in the flower extract, while phlobatanins and glycosides were absent. Total phenolic content was 57.47 ± 0.21 mg GAE/g, while total flavonoid content was 83.52 ± 0.31 mg QE/g. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis identified α-terpineol (86.53%), nerolidol (7.44%), campesterol (1.12%), and neocurdione (1.29%) as the predominant components. These findings indicate that D. erecta flowers contain a significant amount of phytocompounds with antioxidative properties that could potentially be useful in managing diseases related to oxidative stress.
Antioxidant Properties, α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Maesobotrya barteri Leaves Extracts in Rats Enin, Godwin Ndarake; Ita, Basil Nse; Thomas, Paul Sunday; Okokon, Jude Efiom; Lawson, Blessing Ofonime; Ohanaka, Chidera Getrude
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 1
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0401294

Abstract

Maesobotrya barteri is widely used in Nigerian ethnomedicine to treat diabetes, arthritis, and infections. In this study, the methanol and aqueous leaf extracts' phytochemical constituents and antioxidant potentials were evaluated using standard procedures. At the same time, the enzyme inhibitory activity of methanol extract on α-amylase and α-glucosidase in rats was also investigated. The antioxidant properties of the extracts were evaluated by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing power (FRAP). Phytochemical screening of methanol and aqueous extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and cardiac glycosides. Total phenolics and flavonoids of the extracts ranged from 0.04 to 3.18 mg of GAE/g and from 27.70 to 57.70 mg of QE/g, respectively. Antioxidant analysis showed IC50 values of DPPH (192.95, 196.04, and 17.19 µg/mL) and FRAP (30.48, 37.64, and 38.15 µg/mL) for the methanolic extract, aqueous extract, and ascorbic acid, respectively. Assessment of the methanolic extract against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes in rats at doses of 150, 300, and 450 mg/kg using starch, sucrose, and maltose as substrates, with acarbose as a reference drug, significantly reduced blood glucose levels (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that M. barteri leaf extract has antioxidant properties and inhibits both α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes in rats, likely due to the phytochemicals present in the extract.
Co-Authors Antia, Bassey Sunday David, Enobong Mfon Ekanem, Esther Michael Emmanuel, Saviour Elisha Ita, Basil Nse Lawson, Blessing Ofonime Ohanaka, Chidera Getrude Okokon, Jude Efiom Thomas, Paul Sunday Udo, Itoro Esiet