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Uwaeme, Ugonma Florence
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Evaluation of Antidiabetic Activity of Croton zambesicus Root Extract: In Vivo Inhibitory Effect on Alpha Amylase and Alpha Glucosidase of Rats Okokon, Jude Efiom; Edem, Utibe Anietie; OSIGWE, Chinyelu Clementina; Uwaeme, Ugonma Florence
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.141.529-533

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a global health challenge, necessitating the need for alternative treatments. Croton zambesicus Muell Arg. (Euphorbiaceace) a medicinal plant used traditionally in the treatment of some ailments was investigated for its inhibitory potential on alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes in rats. The root extract of C. zambesicus (27 - 81 mg/kg) was investigated in vivo for the inhibitory effect on alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase enzymes using starch, sucrose, and maltose as substrates. Acarbose was used as a reference drug. Blood glucose levels (BGL) of rats, post administration of the substrate and extract concurrently, were monitored over 3 hours as a parameter to measure the inhibitory potential of the extract. The root extract dose-dependently caused significant (p<0.05) reduction in blood glucose levels of treated rats with the various substrates used. The results suggest that the root extract of Croton zambesicus has the potentials to inhibit alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase in rats.
GC-MS Analysis and In Vivo Antimalarial Activities of Seed Extract and Solvent Fractions of Telfairia occidentalis in Plasmodium berghei-infected Mice Sunday, Nsikakabasi Enefiok; Osigwe, Chinyelu Clementina; Enin, Godwin Ndarake; Uwaeme, Ugonma Florence; Essien, Grace Emmanuel; Okokon, Jude Efiom
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 5 Issue 1
Publisher : ETFLIN

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Abstract

Telfairia occidentalis Hooke. F. (Cucurbitaceae family), a vegetable whose parts are used for both nutritional and medicinal purposes was investigated for anti-malarial activity in mice. The dried seed powder was separately cold extracted in 50% ethanol and gradient solvents (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol) along polarity gradient to obtained crude ethanol extract and solvents fractions of T. occidentalis seed. Based on previously established median lethal dose, the seed extract (138-553 mg/kg) and solvents fractions (276 mg/kg) were investigated for in vivo activity against Plasmodium berghei infection in mice using suppressive, prophylactic and curative standard models. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis of the active fraction was also done to identify its chemical constituents. The seed extract and fractions (138-553 mg/kg, p.o.) exerted significant (p < 0.05–0.001) chemosuppressive activity against P. berghei infection in suppressive (65.67%; 18.33 ± 3.71 days), prophylactic (55.39%; 17.66 ± 2.18 days) and curative (77.48%; 18.00 ± 1.15 days) tests with methanol fraction having the highest activity. GC-MS analysis of the active methanol fraction revealed the presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids and monoterpenes which have been implicated previously in antimalarial activity of plants. These results revealed the strong antimalarial potentials of the methanol seed fraction and its phytochemical constituents which can be exploited in the development of antimalarial remedies.
Co-Authors Edem, Utibe Anietie Enin, Godwin Ndarake Essien, Grace Emmanuel Okokon, Jude Efiom OSIGWE, Chinyelu Clementina Sunday, Nsikakabasi Enefiok