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Kekuatan Sosialisasi dalam Paradiplomasi Kedaulatan Bangsa Kurdi di Timur Tengah Karisma, Gita; Nizar, Moh; Wiranata, Indra Jaya; Mumtaz, Sonya
Wacana Publik Vol. 18 No. 1 (2024): Wacana Publik
Publisher : P3M STISIPOL Dharma Wacana Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37295/wp.v18i8.61

Abstract

While the trend of cooperation on the globalization era is rising, the cities involvement on the diplomatic activities is increasing. The central government also encourages the paradiplomacy considering the benefits that will return to its state. However, recently, paradiplomacy has also been carried out not only to pursue the economic interests and development aspects but also to fight for security, identity, and sovereignty aspect. Several cities and even autonomous regions have shown the ability to implement and develop their paradiplomacy. This article using qualitative approach to examine sovereign paradiplomacy of the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) which was established as an autonomy region within Iraq. The KRG has long demanded for independence and has even been able to expand its paradiplomacy to the Middle East and the world. The KRG's paradiplomacy is successful and strong enough which is can be seen when referendum was be held by KRG in 2017. The KRG has the power of socialization and shared the values ​​as a form of construction that the KRG has carried out for a long time on its paradiplomacy. The KRG has repeatedly stated that the KRG's paradiplomacy is constitutionally valid. Though, KRG always shows a cooperative attitude and expertise in diplomacy. He was even able to show the similarity of the values ​​of the Kurdish identity and the identity of anti-terorism and democracy as the basis for cooperation, even the values ​​that became the basis for the acceptance of Kurdish paradiplomacy by countries in the Middle East.
Keterlibatan Perempuan dalam Perang, Politik dan Non-Politik Menurut Perspektif Islam (Studi Kasus: Perlawanan Perempuan Palestina terhadap Okupasi Israel Tahun 2000-2019) Rachmawati, Tety; Karisma, Gita; Mumtaz, Sonya
Politea : Jurnal Pemikiran Politik Islam Vol 5, No 2 (2022): Politea : Jurnal Pemikiran Politik Islam
Publisher : State Islamic Institute of Kudus (IAIN Kudus)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21043/politea.v5i2.13848

Abstract

Israel's occupation of Palestine led to resistance by the Palestinian people from all over the country. This struggle is not only carried out by men but also women. In the Islamic perspective, women and men have the same position, there is no discrimination between them. This paper aims to explain the resistance of Palestinian women to Israeli occupation based on an Islamic perspective. The research used qualitative methods through literature study. The results of this research indicate that the Palestinian women's resistance emphasizes the equal position of men and women in Islam. Islam does not limit the roles and activities of women. In conflict situations, women are allowed to participate in war and also in politics. Resistance of Palestinian women to Israeli occupation is carried out in two ways, namely direct and indirect resistance. The direct resistance is carried out by Palestinian women through war and politics. Meanwhile, indirect resistance is carried out by providing education for children about the values of the Islamic struggle.
Kekuatan Sosialisasi dalam Paradiplomasi Kedaulatan Bangsa Kurdi di Timur Tengah Karisma, Gita; Nizar, Moh; Wiranata, Indra Jaya; Mumtaz, Sonya
Wacana Publik Vol. 18 No. 1 (2024): Wacana Publik
Publisher : LP3M Universitas Dharma Wacana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37295/wp.v18i8.61

Abstract

While the trend of cooperation on the globalization era is rising, the cities involvement on the diplomatic activities is increasing. The central government also encourages the paradiplomacy considering the benefits that will return to its state. However, recently, paradiplomacy has also been carried out not only to pursue the economic interests and development aspects but also to fight for security, identity, and sovereignty aspect. Several cities and even autonomous regions have shown the ability to implement and develop their paradiplomacy. This article using qualitative approach to examine sovereign paradiplomacy of the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) which was established as an autonomy region within Iraq. The KRG has long demanded for independence and has even been able to expand its paradiplomacy to the Middle East and the world. The KRG's paradiplomacy is successful and strong enough which is can be seen when referendum was be held by KRG in 2017. The KRG has the power of socialization and shared the values ​​as a form of construction that the KRG has carried out for a long time on its paradiplomacy. The KRG has repeatedly stated that the KRG's paradiplomacy is constitutionally valid. Though, KRG always shows a cooperative attitude and expertise in diplomacy. He was even able to show the similarity of the values ​​of the Kurdish identity and the identity of anti-terorism and democracy as the basis for cooperation, even the values ​​that became the basis for the acceptance of Kurdish paradiplomacy by countries in the Middle East.