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All Journal Kertha Patrika Journal of Social Science
Subawa, I Made Mulyawan
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Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Challenges of Using Artificial Intelligence in Contract Drafting: How Should AI Legal Liability Be? Subawa, I Made Mulyawan
Kertha Patrika Vol 46 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/KP.2024.v46.i02.p03

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) in law is applied to contract drafting. The presence of AI makes it easier for people in contract drafting and, of course, can be used by contract drafters to facilitate their work. Nevertheless, AI's actions can cause losses to the users and all parties involved. The potential for a cyberattack could happen. Meanwhile, Indonesian law does not regulate legal liability against AI. Based on this background, this study is about the use of AI in contract drafting. This research falls within the category of normative research. Data collection is done by collecting legal materials such as laws, writings, books, and journals related to contract drafting. Technical analysis of legal material is done in a qualitative descriptive manner. The use of AI in contract drafting using smart contract features is provided by Legal Tech. The presence of AI in the legal area provides ease, efficiency, and effectiveness in the completion of contract drafting. However, any substitution between human resources and AI is potentially damaging and can easily leak the parties' personal information. While Indonesian law has not reached legal liability for the actions of AI; therefore, the analysis of AI's legal liability is carried out with the approach of the Vicarious Liability doctrine.
PERAN KEPOLISIAN DALAM PELAKSANAAN TINDAK PIDANA KEKERASAN SEKSUAL DI YURISDIKSI KEPOLISIAN BALI Aryanti, Ni Putu Rani; RS, H. Nurianto; Subawa, I Made Mulyawan
Journal Of Social Science (JoSS) Vol 4 No 8 (2025): JOSS: Journal of Social Science
Publisher : Al-Makki Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57185/joss.v4i8.500

Abstract

Sexual violence crimes have become a significant concern in Indonesian society, particularly in tourist destinations like Bali, where cases involve both domestic and international victims. Despite existing legal frameworks, the investigation of sexual violence crimes in Bali faces numerous obstacles that may hinder effective law enforcement and the delivery of justice. This study aims to analyze the implementation role of police investigators in handling sexual violence crimes within the Bali Police jurisdiction and to identify the obstacles encountered during the investigation process. This research employed an empirical legal research method using qualitative descriptive analysis. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with investigators from Sub-directorate IV of the Directorate of Criminal Investigation of the Bali Police, field observations, and document analysis. The investigation process follows established legal procedures, including report reception, case administration, witness examination, evidence collection, arrest, search, seizure, suspect examination, and case completion. Key obstacles identified include internal factors (such as language barriers with foreign victims and limited specialized training) and external factors (including uncooperative victims due to trauma, lack of witnesses and evidence, delayed reporting, and challenges with victims having special needs). The findings highlight the need for enhanced training programs for investigators, improved victim support services, and strengthened inter-agency coordination to effectively address sexual violence crimes in diverse jurisdictional contexts.
The Role Of Animal Police In The Process Of Disclosing A Crime (Study At The K-9 Unit Of Bali Regional Police) Wiguna, I Kadek Merta Arya; Wiratny, Ni Ketut; Subawa, I Made Mulyawan
Journal Of Social Science (JoSS) Vol 3 No 8 (2024): JOSS: Journal of Social Science
Publisher : Al-Makki Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57185/joss.v3i8.352

Abstract

The K-9 Unit of the Bali Regional Police is an elite unit specializing in using sniffer dogs to assist in various police operations, ranging from apprehending criminals and detecting narcotics, to search and rescue (SAR) operations. The ability of sniffer dogs to detect narcotics and explosives is crucial in crime prevention and control efforts. In Bali, an international tourist destination, the threat of narcotics smuggling is very high. Specially trained sniffer dogs can quickly identify the presence of these illegal substances in various locations, such as airports, seaports, and entertainment venues. This study aims to identify and analyze the role of the K-9 Unit of the Bali Regional Police in the process of crime disclosure. Through a qualitative approach with a case study method, data were collected through interviews, observations, and literature studies. Through methods of observation, interviews, and literature study, this research is expected to provide a comprehensive and in-depth overview of the role of the K-9 Unit of the Bali Regional Police. The K-9 Unit of the Bali Regional Police has a significant contribution to disclosing crimes by providing technical assistance using sniffer dogs, which have proven effective in crime scene investigation and have a direct impact on solving criminal cases. Factors affecting the effectiveness of this unit include public demand, environmental conditions, and the availability of human and animal resources. To optimize its role, it is necessary to enhance training, facilities, coordination with related parties, and regular evaluation of the unit's performance.
Implementation Of Regional Regulation Number 1 Of 2016 Concerning The Protection And Arrangement Of Traditional Markets Shopping Centers And Modern Stores In The Bangli District Yoga, Ida Bagus Gede Sedana; Subawa, Made; Subawa, I Made Mulyawan
Journal Of Social Science (JoSS) Vol 3 No 8 (2024): JOSS: Journal of Social Science
Publisher : Al-Makki Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57185/joss.v3i8.353

Abstract

In relation to trade, the government sees trade as a very important sector and the spearhead of industry. Without trade, the industrial sector would not run well. On the other hand, without industry, trade would also not be profitable enough to pursue. This research concludes as follows: The implementation of Regional Regulation Number 1 of 2016 concerning the Protection and Arrangement of Traditional Markets, Shopping Centers, and Modern Stores in Bangli Regency has not run optimally, this is due to legal factors, namely the Regional Regulation has not regulated concretely, the implementing apparatus, in this case, the Satpol PP has not dared to act decisively and last but not least the culture of the community has not been supportive, where people are still afraid to act if there are people's markets, shopping centers and supermarkets that violate the provisions and the apparatus is still waiting for superior orders, in this case, the Regent. Obstacles in the implementation of Regional Regulation Number 1 of 2016 concerning the Protection and Arrangement of Traditional Markets, Shopping Centers, and Modern Stores in Bangli Regency include: The legal factors themselves such as laws and regulations governing the arrangement of people's markets, shopping centers and supermarkets have not been implemented properly. Law enforcement factors such as the lack of alertness of officers in terms of taking action against traders who do not have a Trade License.
Resolution Of Non-Performing Loans For Kur Guaranteed By Pt. Jamkrindo Denpasar Branch Pranoto, Dwi; Wiratny, Ni Ketut; Subawa, I Made Mulyawan
Journal Of Social Science (JoSS) Vol 4 No 9 (2025): JOSS: Journal of Social Science
Publisher : Al-Makki Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57185/joss.v4i9.491

Abstract

Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR) is one of the government’s programs aimed at empowering Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) through the provision of interest subsidies to KUR channeling institutions and guarantee fees to guarantee institutions. One of the institutions that provides guarantees for KUR is PT Jaminan Kredit Indonesia (Jamkrindo). As a guarantor, PT Jamkrindo plays a crucial role in ensuring the sustainability of the KUR program, particularly by facilitating financing for MSMEs that are feasible but not bankable—those that are commercially viable but unable to meet conventional lending requirements such as collateral. However, in practice, many KUR loans face repayment issues and fall into the category of Non-Performing Loans (NPLs). This study aims to analyze the KUR guarantee mechanism and the settlement of NPLs by PT Jamkrindo Denpasar Branch Office. The research employs a normative legal method with a statutory and legal theory approach. The findings indicate that PT Jamkrindo applies an indirect guarantee scheme based on Conditional Automatic Cover (CAC). Nevertheless, the mechanism for subrogation or transfer of claim rights after claim payment lacks strict sanctions for KUR channeling institutions that fail to transfer these rights to Jamkrindo. This regulatory gap may result in financial losses for PT Jamkrindo and create an additional fiscal burden for the state.
Co-Authors Aryanti, Ni Putu Rani Dwi Pranoto Made Subawa RS, H. Nurianto Wiguna, I Kadek Merta Arya Wiratny, Ni Ketut Yoga, Ida Bagus Gede Sedana