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All Journal Res Nullius Law Journal INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATION, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, AND OTHERS
Wuntu, Happy Ferovina
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Humanities Computer Science & IT Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Supervision And Enforcement of Criminal Laws for Cartels in the Digital Era According to Law Number 5 of 1999 Concerning Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices And Unfair Business Competition Wuntu, Happy Ferovina
International Journal of Education, Information Technology, and Others Vol 7 No 2 (2024): International Journal of Education, information technology   and others (IJEIT)
Publisher : Peneliti.net

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Abstract

Supervision and law enforcement as well as proof of cartel crimes in digital transactions face a number of complex challenges. where there is limited knowledge and technical capabilities of law enforcement in understanding and handling technological aspects used in digital cartel practices including the use of online platforms, encrypted messages, and digital trace erasure techniques designed to deceive investigators. This research uses a type of qualitative research with a normative juridical approach with a comparative approach, a normative research basis with study and analysis of Law Number 5 of 1999. Proving cartels is hampered due to the existence of business competition authorities and experiencing difficulties in proving the existence of cartel acts, by finding evidence of the existence of an agreement where business actors mutually agree to carry out cartel actions. Of course, perpetrators often have unwritten cartel agreements so that there is no physical evidence or direct evidence regarding the cartel crimes that have occurred. The highly secretive nature of cartels makes cartel actions a crime in the field of business competition that is difficult to detect for proof in the world and in the digital era. It can be concluded that the obstacle and cause of the ineffectiveness of monitoring and enforcing cartels in Indonesia in this digital era is that in Law no. 5 of 1999 does not recognize indirect evidence, so that evidence in judicial practice has different views regarding its position in the procedural law system that exists and applies in Indonesia. UU no. 5 of 1999 does not provide the KPPU with the authority to search and confiscate to obtain the necessary documents, both for business actors suspected of violating it and also for other related parties.
KEBERADAAN ANAK PERUSAHAAN YANG DIMILIKI BADAN USAHA MILIK NEGARA (BUMN) PERSERO DALAM ANALISIS HUKUM POSITIF: The Existence of Subsidiaries Owned by State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) Persero in Positive Legal Analysis Nababan, Sutarjo; Wuntu, Happy Ferovina; Situmeang, Sahat Maruli Tua; Pudjiastuti, Diah; Utomo, Subagyo Sri
Res Nullius Law Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Volume 7 No 1 Januari 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Komputer Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34010/rnlj.v7i1.14675

Abstract

Keberadaan anak perusahaan BUMN Persero masih menimbulkan ketidakpastian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kedudukan anak perusahaan yang dimiliki BUMN Persero dan tanggung jawab BUMN Persero sebagai induk perusahaan terhadap anak perusahaan. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dan jenis penelitian hukum normatif yang menggunakan data sekunder bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Metode pendekatan adalah pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi dokumen dan dianalisa secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian adalah kedudukan anak perusahaan milik BUMN Persero masih menimbulkan ketidakpastian. Apabila mengacu pada Peraturan Menteri BUMN Nomor PER-02/MBU/2012; Peraturan Menteri BUMN Nomor PER-03/MBU/2012; Peraturan Menteri BUMN Nomor PER-13/MBU/09/2014; dan Peraturan Menteri BUMN Nomor PER-5/MBU/09/2022, kedudukan anak perusahaan BUMN Persero merupakan entitas yang terpisah dari induk perusahaan. Hal ini dipertegas oleh Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 01/PHPU-PRES/XVII/2019 yang menyatakan, antara lain bahwa anak perusahaan BUMN merupakan badan usaha mandiri yang terpisah dengan BUMN. Namun, Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 21P/HUM/2017 menyatakan, anak perusahaan BUMN tetap menjadi BUMN karena bersifat perpanjangan tangan bisnis perusahaan milik BUMN. Kekayaan BUMN adalah kekayaan negara, sehingga anak perusahaan BUMN Persero merupakan milik negara secara langsung. Tanggung jawab BUMN Persero sebagai induk perusahaan terhadap anak perusahaan bersifat terbatas sesuai prinsip tanggung jawab terbatas dalam UU PT. BUMN Persero sebagai induk perusahaan dan anak perusahaannya merupakan entitas yang berdiri sendiri sebagai subjek hukum yang mandiri. Implikasi dari kedudukan itu adalah berlaku prinsip hukum limited liability, yaitu BUMN Persero sebagai induk perusahaan hanya dapat diminta pertanggungjawaban secara terbatas sebesar saham yang dimiliki dalam anak perusahaannya.
Co-Authors Diah Pudjiastuti Nababan, Sutarjo Sahat Maruli Tua Situmeang Utomo, Subagyo Sri