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All Journal Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kewirausahaan Amarthapura: Historical Studies Journal
Rahuma, Aulia
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Education Social Sciences

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Runtuhnya Kejayaan Kesultanan Turki Utsmani Menurut Teori Filsafat Sejarah Malik Bennabi Apriliani, Resty; Azmi, Muhammad; Rahuma, Aulia
Amarthapura: Historical Studies Journal Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : History Education Department, Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/amt.v3i1.3553

Abstract

The second peak of Muslim glory occurred during the reign of three great empires: the Ottoman, Safavid and Mughal Sultanates in India (Muhammad, 2015). During the reign of Murad I (3rd Ottoman Sultan) 761 AH/359 AD-789 AH/1389 AD, in 2018 he further expanded his territory to the European continent and strengthened internal security. At that time the Ottoman Turks were a nation that dynamic and has extensive knowledge supported by the Sultanate which has a strong army to expand its territory. The greatest success was that the Ottoman Turks managed to occupy the most strategic area, namely Constantinople, which was a strategic area for trade at that time which was located on land between the continents of Asia and Europe. This article aims to examine the cycle of collapse of the Ottoman Empire according to Malik Bennabi's philosophical theory of history. The method used by the author in this article is the historical research method. The historical method used in this article consists of four stages, namely heuristics, verification, interpretation and writing. The results of this research can be concluded that the factors causing the collapse of the Ottoman Turks are in line with Malik Bennabi's theory of civilization which states that the Islamic Ummah experienced modeling because it did not always renew its civilization. At that time, Ottoman Türkiye was satisfied with its glory and was seen as an Empire that was feared by the nation. The reforms that the Sultan wanted to carry out in the military sector at that time were rejected by the imperial army. Thoughts that were not developed and tended to be primitive and satisfied with the achievements that had been achieved were what brought weakness to various aspects of the Ottoman Empire.
Peran Manusia Dalam Sejarah Menurut Pandangan Dan Teori Ali Syariati Mbara, Herlina; Pertiwi, Fathimah Dayaning; Rahuma, Aulia
Amarthapura: Historical Studies Journal Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : History Education Department, Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/amt.v3i1.3585

Abstract

Ali syari'ati, seorang cendekiawan muslim iran terkemuka, menawarkan presektif unik dan kritis tentang peran manusia dalam sejrah. Dia mengemukakan teori filsafat sejarah yang komprehensif yang menekankan peran aktif manusia dalam membentuk sejarah. Teorinya didasarkan pada beberapa pilar utama yaitu: penciptjaan dan kebebasan manusia : manusia bukan hanya korban atau penonton pasif dalam sejarah, melainkan agen aktif yang memiliki kemampuan untuk membentuk dan mengubah sejarah. Kemampuan ini berasal dari kebebasan dan kreativitas yang dianugrahkan Tuhan kepada manusia. Sejarah sebagai arena perjuangan : sejarah bukan hanya catatan peristiwa melainkan arena perjuangan antara kekuatan berpikir,eksploitasi, dan ketidakadilan, sedangkan disislain terdapat kekuatan kedamaian, keadilan, dan kesetaraan. Manusia memiliki tanggung jawab moral untuk terlibat dalam perjuangan ini untuk mencapai masyarakat yang lebih baik. Peran Agama: Agama, menurut Syari'ati, dapat menjadi sumber inspirasi dan motivasi bagi manusia dalam perjuangan mereka untuk keadilan dan pengampunan. Dia mengkritik interpretasi agama yang statis dan dogmatis, dan menekankan peran agama dalam mendorong perubahan sosial yang positif. Penggerak Perubahan Melalui Dialektika: Syari'ati melihat sejarah sebagai proses dialektis, di mana konflik dan konflik mendorong perubahan. Melalui proses ini, manusia dapat mencapai kemajuan dan mewujudkan potensi penuh mereka. Iman dan Aksi yang Saling Menguatkan : Bagi Syari'ati, iman dan perjuangan berjalan seiring. Iman memberikan kekuatan dan tekad bagi manusia untuk memperjuangkan keadilan, dan perjuangan itu sendiri memperkuat iman mereka. Iman tanpa aksi adalah sia-sia, dan aksi tanpa iman adalah buta arah. Teori Syari'ati tentang peran manusia dalam sejarah telah menerima berbagai kritik, termasuk kekurangan dasar empiris, keterbatasan yang berlebihan, dan potensi yang dibahas. Terlepas dari kritik tersebut, teorinya menawarkan perspektif yang unik dan inspiratif. Dia menekankan tanggung jawab manusia untuk terlibat aktif dalam membentuk sejarah mereka sendiri dan memperjuangkan masyarakat yang lebih adil dan manusiawi.
Penanaman Pendidikan Karakter Empati dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah di SMA IT Granada Samarinda Nurkhadijah, Yunita; Rahuma, Aulia
JURNAL PENDIDIKAN DAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN Vol 12 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : STKIP PGRI SITUBONDO

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47668/pkwu.v12i3.1756

Abstract

This study aims to determine the cultivation of empathy character education in history learning and to find out the obstacles faced by teachers in cultivating empathy character education in history learning at SMA IT Granada Samarinda. This research uses qualitative research with phenomenological studies through observation, interviews and documentation. The results showed that character-based learning planning, the material used by history teachers regarding the events of November 10 with an open learning model Open Ended Learning (OEL). The strategy applied by history teachers in instilling empathy character education by providing exemplary examples. The core activities in the implementation of learning include the teacher's explanation of the events of the struggle of KH. Hasyim Asy'ari and Bung Tomo, followed by discussion, question and answer, conclusion and evaluation. The obstacles faced by history teachers in the implementation of learning include lack of student attention in class, lack of student understanding related to empathy, lack of teaching variations and lack of teacher skills in designing character-based learning.
Analisis Minat Belajar Peserta Didik dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah di Kelas X SMA Negeri 16 Samarinda Ana, Adriana; Rahuma, Aulia
JURNAL PENDIDIKAN DAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN Vol 12 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : STKIP PGRI SITUBONDO

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47668/pkwu.v12i3.1763

Abstract

Interest in learning is the main factor that allows students to receive lessons well. When students are interested, they tend to treat their studies more seriously and give their best in every lesson. This study aims to examine students' learning interest in history lessons in Grade X at SMA Negeri 16 Samarinda and identify the factors influencing their interest in learning history. The research method employed is a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data collection techniques include observation, Likert-scale questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. The findings indicate that students' learning interests can be assessed based on four indicators: enjoyment, interest, attention, and engagement. Based on these indicators, students generally demonstrate a good interest in history lessons. However, some aspects still need improvement to enhance their overall learning interest further. Regarding the factors influencing students' learning interest in history lessons in Grade X at SMA Negeri 16 Samarinda, the internal factors include intelligence, student attitudes, motivation, and learning fatigue. Meanwhile, the external factors comprise teaching methods, family conditions, social environment, and learning facilities.
Co-Authors Ana, Adriana Andri Ramadhan Apriliani, Resty Elisa Mbara, Herlina Muhammad Azmi, Muhammad Nurkhadijah, Yunita Pertiwi, Fathimah Dayaning Siti Marfuah, Siti