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SISTEM DINAMIK OPTIMALISASI PENGGUNAAN ENERGI SEKTOR DOMESTIK DI DUA DESA KABUPATEN BANDUNG BARAT Diva Oktavariani; Asep Sofyan
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol. 21 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jtl.2015.21.1.8

Abstrak: Energi memainkan peranan yang sangat penting dalam semua sektor kehidupan (industry, transportasi, rumah tangga, komersil, dan lain-lain), sementara memasak adalah kegiatan utama yang rutin dilakukan di rumah tangga. Bahan bakar yang dominan digunakan adalah gas elpiji dan kayu bakar. Meningkatnya jumlah penduduk akan diiringi oleh meningkatnya kebutuhan akan bahan bakar, yang akan berdampak pada peningkatan konsumsi energi dan peningkatan emisi CO2 (gas rumah kaca) ke atmosfer. Penggunaan kayu bakar yang masih cukup banyak di Kabupaten Bandung Barat sehingga perlu dilakukannya suatu kajian konversi bahan bakar dalam upaya penurunan jumlah pengguna kayu bakar, konsumsi energi dan emisi CO2 yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini menyajikan analisis terhadap upaya optimalisasi penggunaan energi di sektor domestik (bahan bakar untuk memasak) dengan menggunakan bantuan perangkat lunak STELLA®. Penentuan pola konsumsi bahan bakar di Kabupaten Bandung Barat, Identifikasi terhadap komponen yang mempengaruhi pola konsumsi bahan bakar di rumah tangga, hingga membangun pemodelan sistem dinamik, merupakan tahapan metodologi dalam penelitian ini. Hasil kuesioner menunjukkan bahwa 85% KK di Desa Lembang menggunakan elpiji sebagai bahan bakar utama untuk memasak, sisanya menggunakan kayu bakar. Sementara di Desa Tenjolaut 63% KK menggunakan kayu bakar dan sisanya menggunakan elpiji. Adapun komponen utama yang mempengaruhi penggunaan jenis bahan bakar untuk memasak adalah pendapatan keluarga dan kedekatan lokasi dengan perkebunan/ hutan. Hasil pemodelan menunjukkan bahwa pola konsumsi energi dari kedua desa memiliki kecenderungan untuk terus naik setiap tahunnya. Akan tetapi, jika diberikan skenario intervensi berupa pengurangan jumlah pengguna kayu bakar maka pola konsumsi energinya akan mengalami penurunan begitupun halnya dengan emisi CO2 yang dihasilkan. Di Desa Lembang, pada tahun 2025 diperkirakan nilai konsumsi energinya sebesar 437 TJ, setelah diberikan intervensi yang intensif maka dihasilkan penurunan konsumsi energi hingga menjadi 201 TJ. Di Desa Tenjolaut, konsumsi energi di tahun 2025 diperkirakan sebesar 391 TJ dan kemudian turun menjadi 278 TJ setelah diberikan intervensi. Emisi CO2 di Desa Lembang pada tahun 2020 diperkirakan akan berkurang sebesar 8.536 ton CO2, sementara Desa Tenjolaut diperkirakan total emisi CO2 nya akan berkurang sebesar 11.400 ton CO2 di tahun 2025. Dari paparan diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa Desa Lembang lebih cepat untuk mencapai program penurunan penggunaan kayu bakar. Kata kunci: konsumsi energi, sektor domestik, sistem dinamik, dan emisi CO2 Abstract: Energy plays a very important role in all sectors of life (industry, transportation, household, and commercial), while cooking is a primary activity done by the household. Cooking fuel that usually used by the households are LPG and firewood. Increase in population and the needs of fuel, will effect on the enhancement of the energy consumption and CO2 emission (green house gases) to the atmosphere. The use of firewood in Bandung Barat regency is much enough, so then we need to have a research in order to find the solution in decreasing the number of people who used a firewood, decreasing the energy consumption and CO2 emission. This research presents an analysis on the optimizing the used of energy in domestic sector, especially the use of cooking fuel, by using software STELLA®. The methodology in this research start with the determination the pattern of fuel consumption in Bandung Barat Regency, identification the components that affect the pattern of fuel consumption in household, and last, built a system dynamics. The questionnaire shows that 85% of household in Lembang village is using LPG and the rest is using firewood. Meanwhile, in Tenjolaut village, 63% of household using firewood and the rest is using LPG. Main components that influence the household in choosing the cooking fuel are income and distance to the plantation or forest. The results of model simulation shows that pattern of energy consumption in both villages have the same trend, which is increasing. However, if we give an intervention by reducing the number of firewood user, the pattern of energy consumption and CO2 emissions is tend to fall. In Lembang village, the energy consumption in 2025 is predicted to be 437 TJ, it will decrease to 201 TJ after some intensive intervention. In Tenjolaut village, the energy consumption in 2025 is predicted to be 391 TJ and after some intervention, it will become 278 TJ. Emission of CO2 in Lembang village will decrease as much as 8.536 ton CO2 in 2020, while in Tenjolaut village, it will decrease at amount of 11.400 ton CO2 in 2025. From the above explanation, it is conclude that Lembang village will able to first reach the program for reducing the used of firewood compared to Tenjolaut village. Keywords: energy, domestic sector, system dynamics, and optimization

SIMULASI PEMODELAN JARINGAN JALAN UNTUK MEMPREDIKSI PENGURANGAN EMISI CO, NOx, PM10, DAN SO2 DARI RENCANA PEMBANGUNAN BUS RAPID TRANSIT DI KOTA TANGERANG Qiyam Maulana B.S; Asep Sofyan; Russ Bona Frazila
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol. 22 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.tl.2016.22.1.7

Abstrak: Pencemaran udara saat ini menjadi salah satu masalah utama di kota-kota besar di Indonesia seperti di kota Tangerang. Sebagai daerah penyangga ibu kota Negara DKI Jakarta, Kota Tangerang merupakan salah satu wilayah dengan laju pertumbuhan ekonomi yang tinggi ditandai dengan bertambahnya jumlah industri, kawasan bisnis dan jumlah kendaraan bermotor. Saat ini jumlah dan penggunaan kendaraan bermotor bertambah dengan tingkat pertumbuhan rata-rata 10% per tahun. Pemerintah kota Tangerang berencana membangun fasilitas Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) guna mengatasi masalah kemacetan. Hal tersebut tentunya akan berdampak pada berkurangnya emisi yang dihasilkan dari sektor transportasi karena berkurangnya penggunaan kendaraan pribadi yang beralih ke BRT. Terdapat tiga skenario pemodelan yang dibuat pada penelitian ini yaitu Business As Usual, skenario BRT satu koridor, dan Skenario BRT 5 Koridor. Ketiga skenario tersebut juga diproyeksikan dalam lima tahun kedepan yaitu tahun 2021. Inventarisasi Emisi pada Segementasi Jalan di Kota Tangerang Tahun 2016 tanpa skenario adalah 270.292 ton/tahun untuk polutan CO. Polutan NOx sebesar 23.857 ton/tahun. Polutan PM10 sebesar 3.349 ton/tahun dan polutan SO2 sebesar 571 ton/tahun. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan Penurunan beban emisi dari skenario BRT 1 koridor pada tahun 2016 rata "“ rata sebesar 1,5%. Untuk proyeksi tahun 2021 penurunan dari skenario BRT 1 koridor sebesar 5,6%. Sedangkan untuk skenario BRT 5 koridor rata-rata penurunan beban emisinya sebesar 16 %. Kata kunci: Inventarisasi emisi, pemodelan jaringan jalan, bus rapid transit Abstract : Air pollution is currently one of the main problems in big cities in Indonesia such as in the city of Tangerang. As the buffer area state capital of Jakarta, Tangerang City is one of the areas with a high rate of economic growth marked by the growing number of industries, the business district and the number of motor vehicles. Currently the number and use of motor vehicles increased with an average growth rate of 10% per year. Tangerang city government plans to build facilities Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) in order to overcome the problem of traffic jam. It certainly will have an impact on the reduction of emissions resulting from the transport sector due to reduced use of private vehicles are switching to BRT. There are three scenarios modeling made in this study is Business As Usual scenario, BRT one corridor scenario, and BRT five corridor Scenario. The three scenario is also projected in five years until 2021. Emissions Inventory at Tangerang Segmentation 2016 without scenario is 270.292 tonnes / year for pollutants CO. NOx pollutants by 23.857 tonnes / year. PM10 pollutants by 3.349 tons / year and pollutants SO2 by 571 tons / year. Results from the study showed that average reduction value of BRT one corridor scenario in 2016 is 1.5%. For the projected 2021 of BRT one corridor scenario by 5.6%. While the BRT five corridor scenario for an average reduction of emissions burden quite by 16%. Key words: emission inventory, road network modeling, bus rapid transit

KAJIAN BEBAN PENCEMARAN HARIAN DI SUNGAI CITARUM MENGGUNAKAN PEMODELAN QUAL2K STUDI KASUS: SUNGAI CITARUM SEGMEN KOTA KARAWANG Adi Mustika; Asep Sofyan
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol. 22 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.tl.2016.22.2.1

Abstrak: Sungai Citarum merupakan sungai terpanjang dan terbesar di Jawa Barat. Potensi pemanfaatan Sungai Citarum cukup besar meliputi antara lain: sumber air baku air PDAM, air baku industri, pertanian, perikanan, PLTA, dan sarana rekreasi. Hasil pemantauan kualitas air menunjukkan bahwa sampai saat ini kondisi kualitas air Sungai Citarum belum dapat memenuhi baku mutu air yang telah ditetapkan di sepanjang tahun, terutama pada musim kemarau (SK. Gubernur Jabar No. 39/2000). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian Pusat Litbang Sumber Daya Air (PUSAIR) dan Badan Pengendalian Lingkungan Hidup Daerah (BPLHD) Prov. Jawa Barat Th. 2011, terjadinya penurunan kualitas air tersebut disebabkan oleh peningkatan beban pencemaran dari berbagai sumber pencemar yang berasal dari populasi penduduk, perkembangan industri, ekstensifikasi dan intensifikasi lahan pertanian, pengembangan perikanan, dan populasi ternak. Studi ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kualitas air serta menghitung beban pencemar di Sungai Citarum Segmen Kota Karawang. Sebanyak 6 sampel dikumpulkan dari 6 titik pengamatan, yang selanjutnya dianalisis di Laboratorium Perum Jasa Tirta II. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan adalah dengan simulasi pemodelan QUAL2K serta perhitungan beban pencemaran harian maksimum. Berdasar hasil studi, diketahui bahwa kandungan pencemar BOD melebihi Baku Mutu Air Kelas II PP No.82/2001. Dari hasil pemodelan QUAL2K dapat diketahui sebaran pencemar di setiap ruas. Hasil perhitungan beban pencemaran harian maksimum pencemar BOD pada kondisi eksisting adalah 4416,6 kg/hari, pada kondisi debit minimum adalah 545,3 kg/hari, dan pada kondisi debit maksimum adalah 3867,7 kg/hari. Kata kunci: beban pencemaran, BOD, kualitas air, model Qual2K, pengelolaan sungai. Abstract : Citarum River is the longest and largest river in West Java. The potential use of Citarum river large enough, including the following: raw water source of PDAM, raw water industry, agriculture, fisheries, hydropower, and recreation facilities. The results of water quality monitoring to the current condition of Citarum River showed that the water quality can not meet the water quality standard that has been set in throughout the year, especially during the dry season (SK, West Java Governor No. 39/2000). Based on the research and Development Centre for Water Resources (Pusair) and the Environmental Management Agency (BPLHD) Province of West Java (2011), the decline in water quality caused by increasing of pollution load from various sources of pollution that comes from the population, industrial, agriculture, fisheries and livestock. This study was conducted to determine the water quality and load capacity pollutant in the Citarum River Segment Karawang. A total of 6 (six) samples were collected from 6 (six) observation point, which is then analyzed in the laboratory of PJT II. The method used in this study is QUAL2K modeling simulation and calculation of the maximum daily load. Based on the study results, it is known that the pollutant (BOD) exceeds the Quality Standard (PP No.82 / 2001, Class II). Based on QUAL2K modeling, it can be seen that the pollutant sources were not evenly distributed in every segment from the 1st until the 5th segment. The maximum daily load of pollutants BOD on the existing condition was 4416.6 kg / day, on the minimum discharge conditions was 545.3 kg / day, and on the maximum discharge conditions was 3867.7 kg / day. Key words: BOD, load capacity of pollutant, model Qual2K, river management, water quality.

PENGARUH GAS BUANG KNALPOT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN TOMAT (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Eggy Hilmansyah; Barti Setiani; asep Sofyan
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol. 22 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.tl.2016.22.2.3

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari pemaparan gas hasil dari knalpot terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman tomat yang telah dilakukan di Rumah Kaca. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan pola faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor dan 3 kali ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah umur tanaman tomat yang terdiri dari dua taraf, yaitu umur tanaman 1 bulan dan tanaman berumur 2 bulan. Faktor kedua adalah taraf lama pemaparan (kontrol di luar chamber, kontrol di dalam chamber, lama pemaparan selama 15 menit, 30 menit, 45 menit dan 1 jam). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi interaksi antara umur tanaman dengan lama pemaparan terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman tomat. Berdasarkan Uji statistik hasil tertinggi ditunjukkan pada umur tanaman 2 bulan (P2) yang berada pada kontrol dalam (T2) sebesar 81,3 cm dan hasil terendah pada umur tanaman 1 bulan (P1) yang berada pada lama pemaparan selama 60 menit (T6) sebesar 34,9 cm. Kata kunci: tanaman tomat, pertumbuhan tanaman, lama pemaparan, rancangan acak kelompok, pencemara udara. Abstract: This research is designed to find out the impact of the exposure of the exhaust fumes which come from the mufflers on growth of the tomatoes cultivation which has been conducted in the Green House. This research used Randomized Block Design with factorial pattern which consisted of 2 factors and 3 time repetitions. First factor was age of the tomatoes cultivation which made up in two levels, that is, cultivation age has one month and the cultivation has two months in age. Second factor was long of duration for the exposure (in field control, in chamber control, duration of exposures were 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes and 1 hour respectively). The research results revealed that the interactions have been occurred between the cultivation age and duration of exposure on growth the tomatoes cultivation. Based on the statistical test, highest result is shown on the cultivation with 2 month in age (P2) which is existed under control (T2) as high as 81.3 cm, in height and lowest result was on the cultivation with 1 month in age (P1) which is existed on long of duration of the outpouring for 60 minutes (T6) as high as 34,9 cm in height. Keywords: tomoto plant, growth of plant, duration of exposure, randomized blok design, air polution

IDENTIFIKASI DAYA TAMPUNG BEBAN PENCEMARAN SUNGAI CITARUM HILIR DI KARAWANG DENGAN WASP Fanti Nur Laili; Asep Sofyan
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol. 23 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.tl.2017.23.1.1

Abstrak: Sungai Citarum merupakan sungai terbesar di wilayah Provinsi Jawa Barat yang memiliki luas DAS 6.614 km2 dengan panjang 300 km. Bagian hulu Sungai Citarum berada di Kabupaten Cianjur dan bagian hilirnya di Kabupaten Karawang. Sungai Citarum hilir memiliki peranan penting bagi Kabupaten Karawang untuk aktivitas domestik, pertanian dan industri. Saat ini Sungai Citarum telah menjadi isu nasional sebagai sungai yang mengalami pencemaran berat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tingkat pencemaran dan kondisi eksisting sungai Citarum hilir berdasarkan parameter kimia secara umum. Mengidentifikasi beban pencemaran organik berupa BOD dari Non Point Source dan Point Source di sungai Citarum hilir sepanjang 17,7 km. Daya Tampung Beban Pencemaran (DTBP) sungai dihitung dengan bantuan WASP (Water Analisys Simulation Program). Indeks pencemaran menunjukkan sungai Citarum hilir (Bendungan Walahar - Jl. Rumah Sakit) sudah tercemar dengan status cemar ringan sampai berat. Hasil kalibrasi BOD memperlihatkan hasil RSME adalah 1,47 mg/L dan RE 21,8%. Hasil modeling WASP pada variasi debit andalan (Q70%) menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan debit di sungai sangat berpengaruh terhadap nilai BOD, penurunan nilai BOD pada musim hujan (maksimum) mencapai 91,8 % dari musim kemarau (minimum). Pada kondisi debit andalan minimum (1,6 m3/s) sungai Citarum Hilir tidak dapat memenuhi kualitas sungai I, II, III dan IV di sepanjang 17,7 km. Pada debit maksimum (42,5 m3/detik) lokasi sungai Citarum hilir yang memenuhi sungai kelas III meningkat 32,39 % dengan DTBP sebesar 2.816,06 Kg/hari dan 2799,90 kg/hari sepanjang 5,734 km. Kata kunci: Sungai Citarum, pencemaran, DO, BOD, WASP, DTBP Abstract: The Citarum River is the largest river in the region of West Java province which has an area of 6,614 km2 watershed with a length of 300 Km. The upstream Citarum located in Cianjur and the downstream in Karawang. The downstream of Citarum river has an important role for the Karawang regency for domestic activities, agriculture and industry. Currently, the Citarum River into a national issue as the river is heavily polluted. This study aims to determine the level of pollution and the existing condition of Citarum river downstream based chemical parameters. Identified organic pollution load of BOD from Non Point Source (NPS) and Point Source (PS) in the Citarum river downstream Along the 17.7 km. Total Maximum Daily Load of BOD is determined by WASP (Water Analisys Simulation Program). Pollution Index shows the downsteream of Citarum river (Walahar Dam "“Jl. Rumah Sakit) polluted, from slightly to heavily polluted. BOD calibration results show the results RSME is 1.47 mg /L and RE 21.8%. WASP modeling results in the variation of dependable flow (Q70%) indicate that the increase in river discharge influence on the value of BOD, impairment of BOD in the rainy season (maximum) reaches 91.8% of the dry season (minimum). The downstream Citarum river at minimum flow (1,6 m3/s) can not meet 1th, 2th, 3th and 4th of quality standards along 17,7 Km. At the maximum flow (42,5m3/s) location of Citarum river meet 4th of class of quality standard increased 32.39% with TDML 2816,06 kg/ day and 2799,90 kg /day along 5,734 km. Keywords: Citarum River, polluted, DO, BOD, WASP, TDML

PERHITUNGAN NERACA AIR TAWAR DI PULAU PRAMUKA, JAKARTA Asep Sofyan
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol. 24 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.tl.2018.24.1.5

Abstrak: Pulau Pramuka merupakan salah satu pulau kecil yang terletak di Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta. Pulau Pramuka merupakan salah satu pulau yang mengalami kekurangan air tawar saat musim kering. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan jumlah surplus/defisit lensa air tawar pada Pulau Pramuka berdasarkan neraca air alami, menentukan kekurangan ketersediaan air tawar, dan menentukan jumlah air yang harus di produksi oleh instalasi reverse osmosis yang akan dibuat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada periode Juni "“ Desember 2017. Perhitungan neraca air alami dihitung per-tahun dari tahun 2012 sampai 2016 berdasarkan data karakteristik tanah dan data cuaca. Data cuaca yang digunakan adalah data curah hujan dan temperatur yang diambil dari stasiun terdekat, yaitu stasiun Tanjung Priok, Jakarta Utara. Berdasarkan perhitungan neraca air, pada tahun 2016 Pulau Pramuka memiliki nilai surplus sebesar 369 mm dan defisit sebesar 669 mm. Kemudian, berdasarkan perhitungan, diketahui bahwa nilai sustainable yields dari lensa air tawar lebih kecil dari kebutuhan air total. Pada tahun 2016 Pulau Pramuka mengalami defisit air rata-rata sejumlah 164 m3 per hari. Kapasitas produksi instalasi reverse osmosis yang harus dibangun adalah sebesar 226 m3/hari kata kunci: Pulau Pramuka, pulau kecil, air tanah, neraca air, Thornthwaite-Mather, sustainable yield. Abstract: Pramuka island is one of the small islands which located in Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta. Pramuka island is one of the islands that encounter water scarcity when dry season. The objective of the research are to determine the amount of freshwater lens surplus/deficit on Pramuka island based on natural water balance, to determine amount of freshwater deficit based on water consumption and to determine amount of freshwater that has to be provided by new reverse osmosis installation. The research was held in June - December 2017 period. Water balance measurement is counted per year from 2012 to 2016 based on rainfall and temperature data from the nearest station, which is Tanjung Priok station, Jakarta Utara. The calculation of water balance measured by using the Thornthwaite Mather method. Based on water balance measurement, in 2016 Pramuka Island has 369 mm surplus and 669 mm deficit. Later, it discovered from the calculation that the value of sustainable yields is lower than total water need each year. In 2016 Pramuka island experienced water deficit that equal to 164m3 per day. The rate of freshwater production that needed from new reverse osmosis instalation is 226 m3 per day Keywords: Pramuka island, small island, groundwater, water balance, Thornthwaite-Mather, sustainable yield.

ANALISIS PENGARUH VARIASI MUSIMAN TERHADAP DISPERSI NO2 DI KOTA TANGERANG DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL WRF-CHEM Irvan Faisal; Asep Sofyan
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol. 25 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.tl.2019.25.1.1

Abstrak: Nitrogen dioksida (NO2) merupakan salah satu pencemar udara yang sebagian besar diemisikan ke atmosfer melalui aktivitas transportasi yang terbentuk akibat adanya reaksi antara nitrogen dan oksigen di udara ketika pembakaran bahan bakar pada temperatur tinggi. NO2 merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam pembentukan partikulat matter (PM) dan ozon troposferik yang dapat membahayakan kesehatan manusia. Kota Tangerang merupakan salah satu kota di Banten yang memiliki perkembangan pesat di berbagai bidang, termasuk ekonomi, industri, dan transportasi. Pesatnya perkembangan Kota Tangerang berbanding lurus dengan meningkatnya jumlah pencemar udara yang diemisikan oleh aktivitas-aktivitas tersebut. Dispersi dari pencemar udara di suatu wilayah sangat bergantung pada kondisi meteorologi dari wilayah tersebut. Analisis pengaruh variasi musiman dari pencemar udara dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan model WRF-Chem. Simulasi dengan menggunakan WRF-Chem dilakukan dengan menggunakan inventarisasi emisi Kota Tangerang. Simulasi dilakukan selama 3 hari di musim basah dan musim kering, dengan domain paling dalam memiliki resolusi spasial 1 km dan resolusi temporal 1 jam. Hasil simulasi kualitas udara di bulan basah dan bulan kering menunjukkan bahwa dispersi NO2 di Kota Tangerang sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi sirkulasi angin laut di daerah tersebut. Ketika musim kering, monsun Australia akan memperkuat sirkulasi angin darat di malam hari, namun memperlemah sirkulasi angin laut di siang hari. Ketika musim basah, sirkulasi angin laut akan diperkuat oleh monsun Asia namun memperlemah angin darat di malam hari. Selain kondisi angin, tingkat kestabilan atmosfer juga mempengaruhi variasi diurnal dari konsentrasi NO2. Di siang hari, kondisi atmosfer yang cenderung tidak stabil akan mengakibatkan konsentrasi NO2 terdispersi secara vertikal. Di malam hari, kondisi atmosfer yang lebih stabil mengakibatkan NO2 akan terdispersi secara horizontal. Kata kunci: pemodelan pencemaran udara, NO2, WRF-Chem Abstract: Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are are air pollutants emitted mainly from vehicle combustion which formed by a reaction between nitrogen and oxigen during fuel combustion in high temperature. NO2 is important in particulate matter (PM) and tropospheric ozone production that could harm human health. Tangerang is one major city in Banten that have rapid development in various sector, including economy, industry, and transportation. This rapid development causing an increase of air pollutant emitted by these activities. Air pollutant dispersion is very dependent with meteorological condition in the Tangerang. Seasonal variation of air pollutant could be done with WRF-Chem model. Simulation using WRF-Chem is done using Tangerang emission inventory for 3 days during wet season and dry season, with spatial resolution of 1 km in the finest domain and temporal resolution of 1 hour. The simulations show the dispersion of NO2 in Tangerang are following the sea breeze flow wind pattern both in dry and wet season. During dry season, Australian monsoon will strengthen landbreeze circluation in the night, but weaken seabreeze circulation in the day. During wet season, Asian monsoon will strengthen seabreeze circulation but weaken landbreeze circulation. The dispersion of NO2 also closely connected to atmosphere stability condition. During day, the unstable atmosphere causing the NO2 dispersed more vertically, while during night, NO2 is dispersed far horizontally caused by stable atmosphere.Keywords: air pollution model, NO2, WRF-Chem

ANALISIS DISPERSI PENCEMAR UDARA PM10 DI KOTA BANDUNG MENGGUNAKAN WRFCHEM DATA ASIMILASI Alvin Pratama; Asep Sofyan
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol. 26 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.tl.2020.26.1.2

Abstrak: Pencemaran udara merupakan salah satu permasalahan utama di kota-kota besar di Indonesia, salah satunya Kota Bandung. Permasalahan ini muncul akibat semakin tingginya kebutuhan dan tingkat aktivitas yang dilakukan oleh manusia. Hal ini menjadi salah satu pemicu semakin tingginya konsentrasi polutan di atmosfer yang dapat memengaruhi kehidupan manusia ataupun ekosistem. Di atmosfer, tingkat konsentrasi dan pergerakan polutan dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, seperti kondisi meteorologi, karakteristik topografi, dan sumber emisi. Untuk mengetahui pesebaran dan tingkat konsentrasi polutan tersebut, dilakukan simulasi menggunakan model WRFCHEM. Simulasi ini memanfaatkan data Automatic Weather Station dan data inventarisasi emisi Kota Bandung menggunakan metode asimilasi. Dari hasil simulasi diperoleh bahwa emisi terbesar kota Bandung bersumber dari kendaraan bermotor yang didominasi di bagian selatan yaitu tol Padaleunyi dan Jalan Soekarno Hatta. Sedangkan pemanfaatan data asimilasi dalam model WRFDA, mampu meningkatkan akurasi parameter meteorologi dari hingga 7%. Pesebaran polutan di kota Bandung sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor lokal dan fenomena monsun. Pada bulan kering, polutan cenderung tersebar ke arah utara dan barat, sedangkan pada bulan basah cenderung tersebar ke arah selatan dan timur. Selain itu, tingginya kecepatan angin pada bulan kering (dari arah selatan dan tenggara) dan karakter topografi yang datar (di selatan) menyebabkan PM10 tersebar hingga keluar Kota Bandung. Sedangkan pada bulan basah, pelemahan kecepatan angin akibat topografi yang komplek di utara Kota Bandung meyebabkan PM10 cenderung tidak terdispersi dengan baik. Dari hasil simulasi tersebut, juga terdapat beberapa daerah yang perlu menjadi prioritas pengelolaan kualitas udara jika dibandingkan dengan baku mutu berdasarkan PP 41 Tahun 1999. Daerah-daerah yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian khusus diantaranya Rancabolang, Mekarjaya dan Pasirluyu. Kata kunci: Pencemaran Udara, WRFCHEM, Asimilasi data, PM10, Kota Bandung Abstract: Air pollution is one of the main problems in big cities in Indonesia, one of which is the city of Bandung. This problem arises due to the increasing needs and level of activity carried out by humans. This has become one of the triggers of higher concentrations of pollutants in the atmosphere that can affect human life or ecosystems. In the atmosphere, the level of concentration and movement of pollutants is influenced by various factors, such as meteorological conditions, topographic characteristics, and emission sources. To find out the distribution and concentration level of these pollutants, simulations were carried out using the WRFCHEM model. This simulation utilizes Automatic Weather Station data and Bandung City emissions inventory data using the assimilation method. From the simulation results it was found that the biggest emissions of the city of Bandung were sourced from motor vehicles dominated in the southern part of the Padaleunyi toll road and Jalan Soekarno Hatta. While the use of assimilation data in the WRFDA model, can improve the accuracy of meteorological parameters from up to 7%. The spread of pollutants in the city of Bandung is strongly influenced by local factors and the phenomenon of the monsoon. In the dry month, pollutants tend to spread to the north and west, while in the wet months tend to spread to the south and east. In addition, the high wind speed in the dry months (from the south and southeast) and the flat topographic character (in the south) causes PM10 to spread out of the city of Bandung. Whereas in the wet month, the weakening of the wind speed due to the complex topography in the north of Bandung city causes PM10 to not be well dispersed. From the results of the simulation, there are also some areas that need to be prioritized in air quality management when compared with the quality standards based on PP 41 of 1999. Areas that need special attention include Rancabolang, Mekarjaya and Pasirluyu. Keywords: Air Pollution, WRFCHEM, Data assimilation, PM10, Bandung City

Mind Mapping Meets Classical Music: An Effective Strategy to Improve Chemistry Learning Achievement in Hydrocarbon Topic Sofyan, Asep; Tlali, Moeketsi Freddie
Journal of Chemical Learning Innovation Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Cahaya Ilmu Cendekia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37251/jocli.v1i2.1141

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of using mind mapping learning accompanied by classical music on chemistry learning outcomes in the topic of hydrocarbon compounds among Class X students at State Senior High School 1 Tapung, Kampar. Methodology: This research uses an experimental method with a t-test design, where Class X-3 serves as the control group following conventional learning (teacher-centered), and Class X-5 serves as the experimental group using mind mapping learning accompanied by classical music. The data collection instruments consist of pre-test and post-test questions. Main Findings: The results of the descriptive analysis show that the experimental class, which used mind mapping accompanied by classical music, achieved higher learning outcomes compared to the control class that followed conventional learning methods. The results of the inferential analysis, using homogeneity and normality tests, indicate that the study hypothesis is accepted, showing a significant difference in student learning outcomes between the two groups. The t-test results reveal that tcount > ttable (3.43 > 1.61), with an effect size of 14%. The use of mind mapping learning accompanied by classical music significantly improves student learning outcomes on the topic of hydrocarbon compounds compared to conventional learning methods. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study provides a new contribution by proving that the use of mind mapping learning models combined with classical music can significantly improve student learning outcomes on hydrocarbon compound material compared to conventional learning.

Pollutant Load Analysis of the Barito River Based on Seasonal Scenarios Azizah Shalihah A; Asep Sofyan; Suharyanto
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

The Barito River is one of the major rivers in Kalimantan Island that plays a strategic role in supporting the social, economic, and environmental aspects of the surrounding communities. However, based on water quality monitoring conducted by the Environmental Agency of Central Kalimantan Province during the years 2021 to 2022 at seven points along the Barito River, it was found that the Water Quality Index indicated a “lightly polluted” status. Residential activities near the river contribute to the pollutant load through direct flow of domestic wastewater into the river. Similarly, the presence of coal stockpiles around the river is also believed to increase the pollution burden. This study aims to predict the water quality conditions resulting from land use activities—particularly residential areas and coal stockpiles—along the Barito River using the Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program (WASP) model. River water quality data was collected at four sampling points. Although the pollutant load carrying capacity from in each segment of the Barito River has not yet been exceeded by the actual pollutant load, the results of the modeling indicate that the concentrations of TSS, BOD, and COD in river water during both the dry and wet seasons have exceeded the water quality standards, with TSS values over 50 mg/L, BOD values above 3 mg/L, and COD concentrations greater than 25 mg/L. Therefore, a strategic management plan for pollution load control is urgently needed to maintain the water quality of the Barito River in accordance with Class II river classification.

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