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All Journal JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Jurnal Sintesis: Penelitian Sains, Terapan dan Analisisnya
Nahdhia, Nadhifatun
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Application of the Simplex Lattice Design Method to Determine the Optimal Formula of Diclofenac Sodium Nanoemulsion Nahdhia, Nadhifatun; M. Agus Syamsur Rijal; Esti Hendradi; Riyanto Teguh Widodo
JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024): JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v11i22024.137-146

Abstract

Background: The success of nanoemulsion preparation, with the aim of producing good characteristic values, is determined by the ratio of each component. The design of experiments (DoE) approach using the Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) method can be used to determine the optimal formula for nanoemulsions, with variable factors consisting of oleic acid, Tween 20:ethanol (4:1), and water. The observed response variables included droplet size, PDI, and pH. Objective: DoE can help reduce the energy, cost, and time needed to make the optimal formula for diclofenac sodium nanoemulsions. Methods: Nanoemulsions were prepared using low-energy emulsification. Their characteristics were evaluated and analyzed using Design Expert software. Results: The optimal nanoemulsion formulation consisted of 4.17% oleic acid, 37.5% emulsifier (Tween 20: ethanol, 4:1), and 58.33% water. The nanoemulsion characteristics were good, with 20.37 a droplet size, 0.42 PDI, of 4.75 pH. The observed values were not significantly different from the predicted values, and the formula could effectively trap 1% diclofenac sodium. Conclusion: The simplex lattice design method is very useful for pharmaceutical development, such as nanoemulsion optimization.
PREDIKSI DRUGLIKENESS DAN POTENSI AKTIVITAS BIOLOGIS SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER DAUN ASAM JAWA (Tamarindus indica) Muslikh, Faisal Akhmal; Suryanto; Nahdhia, Nadhifatun; Susilawati, Delis; Sari, Fita; Nugroho, Septiawan; Werdiningsih, Wiwik; Basuki, Dewy
Jurnal Sintesis: Penelitian Sains, Terapan dan Analisisnya Vol 6 No 1 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Sains, Teknologi, dan Analsisi Institut ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56399/jst.v6i1.264

Abstract

Indonesia memiliki biodiversitas tinggi yang mencakup berbagai spesies tumbuhan dengan potensi farmakologi, salah satunya Tamarindus indica (asam jawa). Daun tanaman ini mengandung beragam senyawa metabolit sekunder, seperti Isovitexin, Isovitexin 2’-O-Arabinoside, Orientin, (-)-Epicatechin, dan Hexadecanamide, yang berpotensi memiliki aktivitas biologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi prediksi drug-likeness dan aktivitas farmakologi senyawa tersebut menggunakan pendekatan in silico. Analisis dilakukan dengan SwissADME untuk menilai kepatuhan terhadap aturan Lipinski dan Way2Drug PASS online untuk memprediksi potensi aktivitas farmakologi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa dua dari lima senyawa memenuhi aturan Lipinski sepenuhnya, sementara yang lainnya memiliki satu hingga tiga pelanggaran, yang dapat memengaruhi ketersediaan hayati oralnya. Prediksi aktivitas biologis menunjukkan bahwa senyawa-senyawa ini memiliki potensi sebagai agen hepatoprotektif, antioksidan, kardioprotektif, dan kemopreventif, serta berperan dalam regulasi berbagai jalur biologis seperti ekspresi TP53 dan HIF1A. Selain itu, analisis boiled egg diagram menunjukkan bahwa beberapa senyawa memiliki permeabilitas tinggi terhadap sawar darah-otak, yang dapat meningkatkan potensinya dalam terapi berbasis sistem saraf pusat. Studi ini memberikan wawasan awal mengenai potensi farmakologis senyawa dalam daun asam jawa, namun penelitian lebih lanjut melalui uji in vitro dan in vivo diperlukan untuk mengonfirmasi efektivitasnya dalam pengembangan obat herbal.
Predicition Molecular Docking, Pharmacokinetic, Physicochemical, Toxicity, Synthetic Accessibility Aspect of Several Compounds in Cratoxylum glaucum and Cratoxylum arborescens as Antimalarial Suryanto, Suryanto; Muslikh, Faisal Akhmal; Nahdhia, Nadhifatun; Susilawati, Delis
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): March
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v13i1.13809

Abstract

This study aims to identify potential antimalarial compounds targeting the Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase enzyme (PfLDH), given the parasite's dependency on glycolysis for energy production. Considering the high similarity of LDH enzymes across Plasmodium species, developing novel PfLDH inhibitors may offer therapeutic benefits, particularly against P. vivax, P. malariae, and P. ovale. Computational approaches were employed to screen natural compounds from the Cratoxylum genus (Cratoxylum glaucum and Cratoxylum arborescens). Molecular docking was performed using Molegro Virtual Docking (MVD) to assess binding affinity. SwissADME was utilized to evaluate pharmacokinetic, physicochemical, synthetic accessibility properties, and ProTox II was used for toxicity prediction. Molecular docking results indicated that fuscaxanthone C and 3-geranyloxy-6-methyl-1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone exhibited strong inhibitory activity against PfLDH, with rerank scores of -103.068 kcal/mol and -111.141 kcal/mol, respectively surpassing the reference ligand chloroquine (-94.307 kcal/mol). Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that all compounds, except stigmasterol and fuscaxanthone C, met Lipinski’s Rule of Five. Toxicity prediction categorized fuscaxanthone C as Class III (toxic). Additionally, synthetic accessibility predictions indicated that all compounds, except stigmasterol, are easy to synthesize. Natural compounds from the Cratoxylum genus, particularly 3-geranyloxy-6-methyl-1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone, show promise as PfLDH inhibitors. Despite its potency, fuscaxanthone C's toxicity profile warrants caution. Further studies are needed to validate these findings through in vitro and in vivo testing.
Co-Authors Basuki, Dewy Esti Hendradi Faisal Akhmal Muslikh Fita Sari, Fita M. Agus Syamsur Rijal Nugroho, Septiawan Riyanto Teguh Widodo Suryanto Suryanto Suryanto Susilawati, Delis Werdiningsih, Wiwik