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All Journal JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX Dinasti International Journal of Education Management and Social Science Green Intelligent Systems and Applications Journal of Engineering and Transportation (JET) Kalao’s Maritime Journal International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Control Systems Engineering
Stevian G. A. Rakka
Politeknik Pelayaran Sulawesi Utara
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Transportation

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A Crtitical Review of “Future of maritime education and training: blending hard and soft skills” by Geada Borda de Água et al. Stevian G. A. Rakka, Stevian
Journal of Engineering and Transportation Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Engineering and Transportation
Publisher : Cipta Kind Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This review evaluates an article entitled “Future of maritime education and training: blending hard and soft skills” by Pedro Manuel Geada Borda de Água, Armindo Dias da Silva Frias, Manuel de Jesus Carrasqueira and José Manuel Modas published in the Scientific Journal of Maritime Research. The original article focuses on the integration of 21st century professional skills as soft skills into maritime education and training programmes, while proposingknowledge triangle concept and double-loop learning method to overcome the future challenges of the programmes. While this article is articulated in a thorough and comprehensive review of authors’ opinions, there is not a clear categorization of “soft skills” provided, which clearly encompasses 21st century skills referred in this article. Additionally, this review discusses on some suggestions to improve the review on MHEIs, the knowledge triangle, double-loop learning methods and connection between them comprehensively.Furthermore, the proposal of authors on MET programme based on MarLEM project, which could be improved by adding more variety into the programme as proposed in this review.
Pelaksanaan Bongkar Muat Yang Melibatkan TKBM Di Pelabuhan Bitung Bakar, Abu; Harini Agusthin; Stevian G.A. Rakka
KALAO'S MARITIME JOURNAL Vol 4 No 2 (2023): KALAO’S MARITIME JOURNAL
Publisher : Politeknik Pelayaran Sulawesi Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69754/kalaos.v4i2.43

Abstract

Kota Bitung memiliki koperasi TKBM (tenaga kerja bongkar muat) yang memperkerjakan buruh di pelabuhan konvensional Samudra Bitung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada hubungan positif antara hasil penelitian yang menggambarkan pelaksanaan bongkar muat untuk barang-barang umum (general cargo) di pelabuhan Konvensional Bitung sangat perlu melibatkan tenaga kerja bongkar muat dan sangat perlu diberikan pelatihan-pelatihan atau bimbinga/penyuluhan terkait dengan bidang pekerjaannya. Dengan adanya pelatihan untuk keterampilan dalam bekerja mereka butuh kepemilikan sertifikat atas keterampilannya tersebut. Kepemilikan sertifikat keterampilan kerja atau kompetensi kerja yang sudah dirancang pihak pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia dapat dilaksanakan berdasarkan data-data yang ada dari penelitian ini.
Peran Inaportnet Dalam Proses Penerbitan Surat Persetujuan Berlayar (SPB) Online di Kantor Kesyahbandaran dan Otoritas Pelabuhan Kelas III Manado Nastasia Inri Putri Pongsituru; Yustiani Frastica; Stevian G.A. Rakka; Azhar Ariansyah Ansar
KALAO'S MARITIME JOURNAL Vol 5 No 1 (2024): Juli : Kalao’s Maritime Journal
Publisher : Politeknik Pelayaran Sulawesi Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69754/kalaos.v5i1.85

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the impact of Inaportnet implementation on the process of issuing the Sailing Approval Letter (SPB) online at the Class III Manado Port Authority and Harbor Master's Office. Inaportnet is an internet-based system designed to facilitate and expedite the shipping administration process, with the goal of improving efficiency and transparency in port services. This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach, involving data collection through interviews with port officials and service users, as well as direct field observations.The results of the study indicate that the implementation of Inaportnet has a significantly positive impact on the SPB issuance process. The use of this system successfully speeds up processing time, reduces excessive bureaucracy, and enhances transparency and accountability in services. However, the study also found some challenges in its implementation, such as technical issues with the system, lack of supporting infrastructure, and the need for further training for involved staff. Therefore, to optimize the benefits of Inaportnet, it is recommended to improve technological infrastructure, provide regular training for staff, and conduct routine monitoring and evaluation of the system's performance.
Study Of The Maintenance, Certification And Operation System Of The Tug Boat Anugerah Lautan 5 On Sailing Safety Ansar, Azhar Ariansyah; Rusman, Rusman; Irawan, Santun; Rakka, Stevian G. A.
Jurnal Ilmiah Platax Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2024
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v12i2.58619

Abstract

The implementation of the ship maintenance management system, certification, and ship operation on the ship Tug Boat Anugerah Lautan 5 did not run optimally, which impacted the less-than-optimal condition of various training ship equipment because the crew did not carry out the ship maintenance system according to the procedure, resulting in the incident that the ship's anchor left winch operation did not function optimally when the ship was anchored in Belang Port, Southeast Minahasa. This study aims to identify and analyze the positive and significant effect of the planned maintenance system on shipping safety. The primary data collection methods used in this study were questionnaires and interviews. In this study, data processing and presentation were in the form of diagrams and path analysis with structural equation modeling (SEM-PLS) using SmartPLS. From the results of the data analysis, the R-square value of shipping safety (Y) is 0.433, which means that the maintenance system (X1) and ship maintenance (X2) can affect shipping safety (Y) by 43.30%. Ship maintenance (X1) has a significant effect on safe sailing (Y), with P-values = 0.033 > 0.05 (hypothesis accepted). Certification (X2) has a considerable impact on safe sailing (Y), with P-values = 0.036 > 0.05 (hypothesis accepted). The operation of ship (X3) has a significant effect on safe sailing (Y), with a P-value of 0.000 > 0.05 (hypothesis accepted). As a result of the analysis, it was found that the planned maintenance system has a significant effect on shipping safety. Keywords: Maintenance System; Sertification; Safe Sailing, ship.
Enhancing Predictive Maintenance Strategies for Naval Auxiliary Systems in Maritime Training Vessels : A Qualitative and Sensor-Based Analysis Jaya Alamsyah; Yustiani Frastika; Stevian G. A. Rakka; Haryadi Wijaya; Santun Irawan
International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Control Systems Engineering Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): March :IJMICSE: International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Control Sys
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Teknik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/ijmicse.v2i1.256

Abstract

Background: Maritime engineering has traditionally relied on reactive and preventive maintenance strategies, often leading to operational inefficiencies, unplanned downtime, and excessive costs. With the rise of smart ship technologies, predictive maintenance (PdM) has emerged as a data-driven solution, leveraging sensor-based monitoring and real-time diagnostics to optimize ship maintenance. However, its integration into maritime education remains underexplored, particularly in training vessels used for vocational learning. Original Value: This research contributes new insights into the feasibility, effectiveness, and educational relevance of predictive maintenance in maritime vocational training. Unlike previous studies that focus on commercial ship applications, this study examines PdM within the context of training vessels at Poltekpel SULUT, bridging the gap between academic training and industry expectations. Objectives: The study seeks to answer: How does predictive maintenance improve the efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and reliability of naval auxiliary systems in training vessels? Methodology: A qualitative approach was employed, integrating sensor-based performance analysis, structured interviews, and questionnaire surveys involving cadets, instructors, and industry professionals. Data were analyzed through thematic categorization, cross-group comparisons, and narrative synthesis. Results: PdM demonstrated high effectiveness in reducing downtime (92/100), optimizing maintenance efficiency (91/100), and aligning with industry practices (89/100). However, challenges in sensor accuracy (85/100) and training integration were identified. Conclusions: The findings highlight the necessity of incorporating predictive maintenance into maritime training curricula to equip future engineers with the skills required for Industry 4.0 maintenance solutions, ensuring better operational efficiency and sustainability in the maritime sector.
Pengaruh Pengadaan Spare Part terhadap Kelancaran Operasional Kapal-Kapal Milik PT. Pelayaran Andalas Bahtera Baruna Endia Rahman; Santun Irawan; Stevian Geerbel Adrianes Rakka
KALAO'S MARITIME JOURNAL Vol 6 No 1 (2025): Juli : Kalao’s Maritime Journal
Publisher : Politeknik Pelayaran Sulawesi Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69754/kalaos.v6i1.131

Abstract

This study also demonstrates the importance of coordination between the engineering, nautical, and logistics departments in ensuring a smooth spare part procurement process. Each part of the process, from ordering to delivery, has its own mechanisms that must be adhered to to ensure smooth vessel operations. The ordering process begins with the identification of spare part requirements submitted by ship staff, which are then forwarded to the relevant departments for evaluation and approval. After the evaluation process, a purchase order is created and sent to the selected supplier. Despite these well-established procedures, challenges arise related to timely delivery, which can sometimes impact vessel operations. Another major obstacle is issues arising from inaccurate implementation of SOPs in handling procurement. Several deficiencies in the implementation of standard operating procedures (SOPs) cause delays in the procurement process, impacting vessel operations. To address these challenges, the company is conducting more thorough planning for ship spare part requirements by ensuring that all procurement follows established SOPs. Furthermore, vessels are also required to provide regular feedback to the company regarding their required spare part requirements. In this way, the company is expected to minimize delays and ensure that spare parts procurement can be carried out efficiently and on time, which will ultimately support the smooth operation of the ship as a whole. Furthermore, the company is also striving to improve relationships with suppliers by conducting more intensive communication and ensuring that all suppliers understand the quality standards and expected delivery timeliness. These efforts aim to reduce the likelihood of delays and ensure the availability of needed spare parts.
Optimalisasi Perpanjangan Masa Berlaku Safe Manning di PT. Wasesa Line Gery Lodres Simarmata; Santun Irawan; Stevian G.A. Rakka
KALAO'S MARITIME JOURNAL Vol 6 No 1 (2025): Juli : Kalao’s Maritime Journal
Publisher : Politeknik Pelayaran Sulawesi Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69754/kalaos.v6i1.132

Abstract

Indonesia, as the largest archipelagic country in the world, has inter-island waters that are part of the sovereign territory of the Republic of Indonesia, in accordance with the provisions of Law Number 17 of 2008 concerning Shipping. This law covers various regulations related to maritime activity standards, including safe manning. Safe manning is the determination of the minimum number of vessels on duty required to ensure the safe and effective operation of a vessel. The purpose of implementing safe manning is to maintain the safety of the vessel, passengers, and cargo, and to prevent accidents or incidents at sea. This study aims to highlight the important role of optimizing safe manning in shipping safety. Optimizing the validity period of safe manning documents can help shipowners or charterers save costs, especially in managing ship documents. It also ensures that the required number of crew members complies with applicable standards and is well-trained to handle situations that occur during shipping. Furthermore, safe manning is not only related to the number of crew members, but must also comply with the training and certification standards stipulated in the STCW Convention issued by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). With the implementation of this system, it is hoped that all parties involved in shipping operations will be able to manage ship documents more efficiently while simultaneously improving shipping safety. This innovation will provide significant benefits for shipowners in maintaining the operational quality of their vessels. Optimizing safe manning can also reduce legal risks and enhance the shipping company's reputation in the eyes of regulators and clients. By consistently implementing this standard, companies can improve operational efficiency while remaining compliant with applicable international regulations.
Analisis Proses Perizinan terhadap Awak Kapal/Crew Asing di PT. Pelayaran Batam Samudra Feriansyah Feriansyah; Santun Irawan; Stevian Geerbel Adrianes Rakka
KALAO'S MARITIME JOURNAL Vol 6 No 1 (2025): Juli : Kalao’s Maritime Journal
Publisher : Politeknik Pelayaran Sulawesi Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69754/kalaos.v6i1.134

Abstract

The purpose of the author's observation were to the system and licensing process of foreign ship crew at PT. Pelayaran Batam Samudra. The type of observations used by the author are qualitative and descriptive. In broad terms, the system and procedures for the licensing of foreign ship crews begin with the first step, which is the manufacture of a dahsuskim as a basis for employing foreigners as ship crew operating in the waters of Indonesia. After the completion of the 'dahsuskim,' the next step is the process of creating the COR. The COR, serves as recognition of the skills and qualifications of the foreign ship crew. The next process is the issuance of the IMTA. which is required as an official permit to employ foreign workers. Subsequently, when foreign ship crew members intend to leave Indonesian territory due to the expiration of their contracts, the next process is the handling of EPO  to facilitate their departure from Indonesia. Challenges faced by the authors in the licensing process include a lengthy licensing processing time, document discrepancies, lack of coordination, and limited human resources, which can result in obstacles in the licensing process. To address these issues, it is essential to improve coordination between agents and ship owners, conduct regular checks on licensing requests, and increase the number of agents to facilitate the licensing process for the foreign ship crew.
Maritime Cybersecurity Readiness and Training Standards in Indonesia Rakka, Stevian G. A.; Gumilar, Bagja; Wijaya, Haryadi; Ansar, Azhar Ariansyah
Green Intelligent Systems and Applications Volume 5 - Issue 2 - 2025
Publisher : Tecno Scientifica Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53623/gisa.v5i2.930

Abstract

The rapid digitalization of maritime operations through IoT-enabled navigation systems and cyber-physical ship infrastructures increased Indonesia’s exposure to cybersecurity risks. Strengthening cybersecurity competence within Maritime Education and Training (MET) institutions was therefore essential to ensure navigational safety, operational reliability, and national maritime resilience. This study assessed cybersecurity readiness, training standards, instructor competence, and facility availability in Indonesian MET institutions with reference to international frameworks, including IMO MSC-FAL.1/Circ.3, BIMCO guidelines, and ISO/IEC 27001. A descriptive quantitative approach was employed using structured questionnaires to evaluate organizational readiness, curriculum implementation, instructor qualifications, and supporting facilities. Data were analyzed using percentage distributions to identify institutional conditions and gaps relative to global requirements. The results indicated that cybersecurity training in most MET institutions remained largely theoretical, with limited practical exposure. Nearly 80% of respondents reported having no prior cybersecurity training, while hands-on facilities such as cyber laboratories and simulation environments were largely unavailable. Instructor expertise and standardized cybersecurity modules aligned with international guidelines were insufficient to adequately address threats to AIS, GPS, ECDIS, and integrated IT–OT systems. These findings revealed a significant gap between existing training practices and the competencies required for secure digital maritime operations. The study concluded that standardized, practice-oriented cybersecurity training was urgently needed, supported by instructor upskilling, curriculum alignment with international standards, and the development of shared training facilities. Strengthening these aspects was critical to improving national maritime cyber readiness and supporting resilient intelligent maritime systems.
Evaluation of the Implementation of Safety Standards in the Debarkation and Embarkation Process of Seatoll Vessel R-72 at Anchorage Fadel Muhammad; Muhammad Idris; Idham Dwi Satria; Filemon Filemon; Muhammad Sapril Siregar; Stevian G. A. Rakka
Dinasti International Journal of Education Management And Social Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Dinasti International Journal of Education Management and Social Science (Octob
Publisher : Dinasti Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/dijemss.v7i1.5606

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the implementation of safety standards in the debarkation and embarkation process of the R-72 seatoll vessel at anchorage in Sofyanin Village. The research employed a qualitative case study design, utilizing field observations, interviews, questionnaires, and literature review. The findings indicate that passenger safety is influenced by three main dimensions: structural–policy, operational, and cultural. Structurally, the absence of a permanent pier and lack of regulatory oversight are the dominant factors increasing risks. Operationally, the captain’s ability to determine anchorage points and the limited availability of safety equipment serve as critical challenges. Culturally, low public awareness of safety procedures further exacerbates vulnerabilities. Evaluation against international standards (SOLAS, STCW, ISM Code, LSA Code) and national regulations (Law No. 17/2008, MoT Regulation No. 11/2023) reveals significant gaps between requirements and actual practices. The risk matrix analysis shows that most hazards, such as passengers falling overboard, capsizing of small transfer boats, and injuries from gangways, fall under the High–Extreme category. Therefore, this study recommends strengthening regulatory oversight, providing safety facilities in compliance with standards, and promoting safety culture awareness among local communities to minimize maritime accident risks.  
Co-Authors Abu Bakar Alamsyah, Jaya Ansar, Azhar Ariansyah Azhar Ariansyah Ansar Endia Rahman Fadel Muhammad Feriansyah Feriansyah Filemon Filemon Gery Lodres Simarmata Gumilar, Bagja Harini Agusthin Haryadi Wijaya Idham Dwi Satria Muhammad Idris Muhammad Sapril Siregar Nastasia Inri Putri Pongsituru Rusman Rusman Santun Irawan, Santun Yustiani Frastica Yustiani Frastika