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The Effect of Hypoxia on the Soluble Molecules of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (UC-MSCs) Widyatmoko, Agus; Alif, Iffan; Irawan, Risky Candra Satria; Handoyo, Frigi Eko; Sidiq, Husni Ahmad
International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science Vol 1 No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59278/cbs.v1i3.24

Abstract

Background: Umbilical cord-derived stem cells (UC-MSCs) are essential cell sources for cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine. Hypoxia is a key element of the stem cell niche and crucial for the preservation of UC-MSCs properties. The normal growth conditions for UC-MSCs are under atmospheric oxygen concentrations of 20–21%. However, the administration of UC-MSCs in inflammatory conditions provides oxygen-deficient environments. Thus, treating UC-MSCs with low oxygen exposure provides them with more survival and recovery potential. Objective: In this study, we assessed the impact of hypoxia incubation for 12 h on the UC-MSCs proteome. Methods: UC-MSCs were isolated from UC patients regarding informed consent. At passage 5, in 80% confluent, UC-MSCs were incubated in 5% O2 for 12 h. The morphology of UC-MSCs was assessed using a microscope. The level of FGF-2, FGF-8, TNF-α, and HSP-70 were analyzed using ELISA. Results: Hypoxic condition could change their morphology and enhance the cellular density compared to normoxic conditions in vitro. The level of FGF-2, FGF-8, TNF-α, and HSP-70 were significantly increased after the hypoxic condition of UC-MSCs compared to normoxia. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the hypoxic condition was able to induce survival capacity and soluble molecules secreted by UC-MSCs.
Harnessing the Innate Effector: A Narrative Review of Advancing Strategies in CAR Engineering, Metabolic Reprogramming, and TME Resistance of Natural Killer Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy Agustina, Rita; Lestari, Endah Agustina; Sidiq, Husni Ahmad; Nazar, M. Ariq
International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science Vol 4 No 11 (2025)
Publisher : Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59278/cbs.v4i11.70

Abstract

Natural Killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapy is rapidly emerging as a promising modality for cancer treatment. As pivotal players in the innate immune system, cells independently recognize and eliminate malignant cells without prior sensitization, offering distinct advantages over other cell-based therapies. This review highlights the current landscapes of NK cell adoptive therapy, from fundamental biology to cutting-edge clinical applications. It highlights how advancing NK cell sources, including peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood, established cell lines, and the increasingly significant induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), are driving wider, more standardized therapeutic use. The multifaceted strategies employed to enhance NK cell efficacy are being explored, including advanced expansion protocols and sophisticated genetic engineering techniques such as the introduction of Chimeric Antigen Receptors (CARs) and modifications to bolster antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Additionally, it also addresses the significant hurdles that remain, primarily the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), and discusses innovative strategies being developed to overcome these challenges. By synthesizing preclinical data and results from the latest clinical trials, this review highlights the remarkable progress and bright future of NK cell therapy as a safer, effective, and more accessible cornerstone of cancer treatment.