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All Journal Journal of Tropical Soils Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice
Hikmat, Muhammad
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Soil Characteristics and Management of Ultisols Derived from Claystones of Sumatra Pratamaningsih, Mira Media; Hati, Diah Puspita; Erwinda, Erwinda; Muslim, Rufaidah Qonita; Hikmat, Muhammad; Purwanto, Setiyo
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 29, No 3: September 2024
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2024.v29i3.115-125

Abstract

Ultisols are one of the soil types that develop from claystone parent materials and are widely distributed in Indonesia, making them suitable for agricultural land use. Naturally, Ultisols have low soil fertility, such as acidic soil reactions and low base content;  without proper management, they can lead to suboptimal agricultural yields. Therefore, this study aims to determine the physical, chemical, and mineralogical characteristics of Ultisols to formulate appropriate land management practices. Soil samples were collected from Ultisols with claystone parent materials from various regions in Sumatra, Indonesia. Soil profile creation was conducted to observe soil morphology in the field, followed by physical, chemical, and mineralogical analysis in the laboratory. The results showed that the Ultisols studied have a deep solum (90-120 cm), clay texture, and sticky and plastic consistencies. These soils generally have an acidic reaction, low organic C content, low potential P and K contents, low cation exchange capacity, low base saturation, and high Al saturation. The contents of easily weathered minerals, such as orthoclase, biotite, augite, hypersthene, tourmaline, and andalusite, which are essential nutrient reserves, are also generally low. Thus, the Ultisols studied are classified as low fertility soils, requiring specific management practices such as adding lime, organic materials, and soil amendments in a balanced and appropriate manner to achieve optimal yields.
Soil Characteristics and Management of Ultisols Derived from Claystones of Sumatra Pratamaningsih, Mira Media; Hati, Diah Puspita; Erwinda, Erwinda; Muslim, Rufaidah Qonita; Hikmat, Muhammad; Purwanto, Setiyo
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 29 No. 3: September 2024
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2024.v29i3.115-125

Abstract

Ultisols are one of the soil types that develop from claystone parent materials and are widely distributed in Indonesia, making them suitable for agricultural land use. Naturally, Ultisols have low soil fertility, such as acidic soil reactions and low base content;  without proper management, they can lead to suboptimal agricultural yields. Therefore, this study aims to determine the physical, chemical, and mineralogical characteristics of Ultisols to formulate appropriate land management practices. Soil samples were collected from Ultisols with claystone parent materials from various regions in Sumatra, Indonesia. Soil profile creation was conducted to observe soil morphology in the field, followed by physical, chemical, and mineralogical analysis in the laboratory. The results showed that the Ultisols studied have a deep solum (90-120 cm), clay texture, and sticky and plastic consistencies. These soils generally have an acidic reaction, low organic C content, low potential P and K contents, low cation exchange capacity, low base saturation, and high Al saturation. The contents of easily weathered minerals, such as orthoclase, biotite, augite, hypersthene, tourmaline, and andalusite, which are essential nutrient reserves, are also generally low. Thus, the Ultisols studied are classified as low fertility soils, requiring specific management practices such as adding lime, organic materials, and soil amendments in a balanced and appropriate manner to achieve optimal yields.
Capital Punishment in the Perspective of the National Criminal Code and the Kutaramanawa Dharmasastra Majapahit Utami, Tanti; Nurhakiki, Ahmad; Ramadhan, Muhammad; Mulyana, Moch; Hikmat, Muhammad
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): September
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i1.4337

Abstract

This study aims to analyse the comparison of capital punishment regulations in the latest National Criminal Code (KUHP) and the Kutaramanawa Dharmasastra from the Majapahit Kingdom era, where this study is important for understanding how the concept of the death penalty has undergone a transformation from a traditional legal system steeped in religious and cosmological values to a modern legal system that places greater emphasis on the protection of human rights, the principle of justice, and strict legal procedures. Thus, this study not only compares legal norms but also traces the paradigm shift in justice and the values behind it. The research method used is a normative legal method with a legislative and historical approach, where the legislative approach is used to examine the provisions on capital punishment in the 2023 Criminal Code, while the historical approach is used to trace the practice and philosophy of the application of capital punishment during the Majapahit era as reflected in the Kutaramanawa Dharmasastra. This research is descriptive-analytical in nature, relying on secondary data from legislation, classical law books, academic literature, and previous research results. The results of the discussion show that there is a fundamental difference in the orientation of criminal law, where in the Kutaramanawa Dharmasastra, the death penalty is positioned as the main punishment imposed for various serious crimes in order to maintain the political and cosmological stability of the kingdom, whereas the National Criminal Code places the death penalty as a special, conditional alternative punishment oriented towards the principle of ultimum remedium. This shift shows the direction of Indonesian criminal law reform, which is more cautious, humanistic, and in line with human rights principles, even though debates regarding its effectiveness and fairness are still ongoing.
Co-Authors Diah Puspita Hati Erwinda Erwinda Muhammad Ramadhan Mulyana, Moch Muslim, Rufaidah Qonita Nurhakiki, Ahmad Pratamaningsih, Mira Media Setiyo Purwanto Utami, Tanti