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All Journal Journal Customary Law Indonesian Journal of Public Administration Review Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice
Utami, Tanti
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Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Theory of Power In Supreme Court Decision Nomor 23 P/Hum/2024 Permana, Ajeng; Utami, Tanti; Aulia, Salsabila; Garnita, Camiliya; Mawardi, Muhamad
Journal Customary Law Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): March
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/jcl.v2i2.3944

Abstract

The Supreme Court Decision No. 23P/HUM/2024 on the minimum age limit for regional head candidates has come under scrutiny due to its impact on legal principles, politics, and public trust. This research discusses the application of power theory in the decision, highlighting the role of the Supreme Court as a guardian of the rule of law and the principle of checks and balances. Using a qualitative method, this research analyses the legal process, impact, and public response to the ruling, which stipulates that a candidate's age is calculated from the time of inauguration, not determination. This decision has raised pros and cons: on the one hand, it is considered inclusive of the younger generation, but on the other hand, it has triggered accusations of political manipulation. The survey showed that the majority of the public understood the importance of the Supreme Court's involvement in maintaining justice, despite concerns about the transparency of the process. The conclusion underscores the importance of caution in the formation of regulations to reflect legal integrity and maintain public trust.
Peran Teori Pembentukan Perundang – undangan dalam Pengaturan Kendaraan Tradisional di Kawasan Wisata: Menjaga Tradisi dan Keamanan Lalu Lintas Utami, Tanti; Nurmala; Maesaroh, Neng; Kariwa, Fajar
Journal Customary Law Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): June
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/jcl.v2i3.3998

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi kontribusi teori pembentukan perundang-undangan dalam merumuskan regulasi yang mengatur kendaraan tradisional di area wisata, dengan menitikberatkan pada pelestarian budaya lokal serta perlindungan aspek keselamatan lalu lintas. Kendaraan tradisional seperti delman, becak, dan andong bukan sekadar alat transportasi, melainkan juga bagian dari identitas budaya yang memiliki makna historis penting. Di tengah derasnya arus modernisasi dan pertumbuhan industri pariwisata, keberadaan moda transportasi ini sering kali tersisihkan akibat kebijakan yang cenderung mendukung sistem transportasi modern. Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan yuridis normatif untuk mengkaji sistem hukum yang berlaku, melalui analisis terhadap regulasi, putusan pengadilan, serta dokumen hukum terkait. Metode ini dikombinasikan dengan pendekatan konseptual guna memahami kerangka pemikiran dan teori hukum, khususnya pemikiran Hans Kelsen mengenai teori hukum bertingkat (Stufenbau des Recht), yang menekankan pentingnya penyusunan norma secara hierarkis dari tingkat dasar hingga pelaksanaan teknis. Pendekatan teoritik ini dijadikan landasan untuk mengevaluasi bagaimana kebijakan yang ideal mampu mencerminkan asas legalitas sekaligus memenuhi nilai-nilai sosial dan budaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan teori pembentukan hukum secara berjenjang dan adaptif dapat memberikan arah kebijakan yang lebih berpihak pada pelestarian kendaraan tradisional. Dengan demikian, peran hukum tidak hanya sebagai alat pengatur, tetapi juga sebagai mekanisme perlindungan terhadap warisan budaya dalam konteks pengelolaan kawasan wisata yang aman dan tertib.
Relevansi Pasal 199 Kitab Kutaramanawa terhadap Hukum Perzinahan di Indonesia Saat Ini Utami, Tanti; Zahra, Masripa; Mulia, Najwa; Hakim, Lucky; Musarir, Reda; Saputra, M
Journal Customary Law Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): June
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/jcl.v2i3.4008

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji relevansi Pasal 199 dalam Kitab Kutaramanawa Dharmasastra, sebuah teks hukum Hindu dari masa Kerajaan Majapahit, terhadap pengaturan hukum perzinahan dalam sistem hukum positif Indonesia saat ini. Pasal tersebut secara tegas mengatur perzinahan (parādara) sebagai pelanggaran berat terhadap moral, kesucian perkawinan, dan kehormatan perempuan, serta mengenakan sanksi tegas guna menjaga ketertiban sosial dan keseimbangan spiritual. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menelaah sejauh mana nilai-nilai tradisional yang terkandung dalam hukum Hindu kuno masih relevan dan dapat diintegrasikan ke dalam hukum nasional modern, khususnya terkait perlindungan terhadap institusi keluarga dan kesusilaan publik. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan metode analisis kualitatif-deskriptif, didukung pendekatan historis dan hermeneutika hukum. Data diperoleh melalui studi pustaka terhadap sumber hukum primer (naskah Kitab Kutaramanawa dan peraturan perundang-undangan Indonesia) serta bahan hukum sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun terdapat perbedaan pendekatan antara hukum tradisional dan hukum positif, keduanya memiliki kesamaan substansial dalam menekankan pentingnya kesetiaan, perlindungan terhadap perempuan, dan harmoni sosial. Kesimpulannya, nilai-nilai hukum adat seperti yang tercermin dalam Pasal 199 dapat memperkaya pembaruan hukum pidana Indonesia agar lebih berakar pada kearifan lokal dan mampu menjawab tantangan moral masyarakat modern.
Analisis Yuridis Terhadap Penerap Prinsip Legalitas Dalam Peraturan Perundang Undangan di Indonesia Utami, Tanti; Solihah, Sinta; Maulana, M.; Adawiah, Intan; Firdaus, Muhammad
Journal Customary Law Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): June
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/jcl.v2i3.4048

Abstract

Peran penting dari prinsip legalitas dalam menjamin kepastian hukum, keadilan, dan perlindungan hak asasi manusia adalah bahwa setiap tindakan negara harus didasarkan pada peraturan perundang-undangan yang sah dan berlaku. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memeriksa secara yuridis bagaimana prinsip-prinsip hukum diterapkan dalam berbagai tingkatan undang-undang di Indonesia, menemukan kemungkinan penyimpangan dan kesulitan dalam pelaksanaannya, dan membuat saran untuk meningkatkan prinsip-prinsip hukum dalam sistem hukum nasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan yuridis normatif dan analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, meskipun prinsip-prinsip legalitas diakui dalam konstitusi dan berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan, penerapan mereka belum sepenuhnya optimal. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa harmonisasi undang-undang, peningkatan transparansi dan partisipasi dalam proses pembentukan peraturan, dan penguatan sistem pengawasan dan penegakan hukum adalah semua upaya yang menyeluruh dan berkelanjutan yang diperlukan untuk meningkatkan prinsip legalitas.
Concept and Implications of Legislative Theory in Omnibus Law Utami, Tanti; Shifa, Agisni; Oktaviani, Mita; Amanda, Shakilla; Madinawati, Shifa
Journal Customary Law Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): June
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/jcl.v2i3.4172

Abstract

This research to analyze the implementation of the omnibus law concept within Indonesia’s legal system using legislative theory as a framework for evaluation. It focuses on assessing the feasibility, impact, and long-term implications of adopting a legislative method commonly found in common law countries and applying it in a nation that adheres to the civil law tradition. The research adopts a normative juridical method with a literature-based approach, collecting data from academic books, journals, articles, statutory regulations, and judicial decisions relevant to legal development and regulatory reform in Indonesia’s current context. The study finds that the omnibus law has the potential to simplify the legal framework, eliminate overlapping regulations, and increase economic competitiveness through more efficient governance and legal certainty. However, the research also uncovers critical legal and constitutional issues, such as inconsistencies with the principle of the single subject rule, ambiguity in the legislative hierarchy, and a lack of substantive public participation. The findings emphasize that the current legal structure, as outlined in Law No. 12 of 2011 and its amendment, is not adequately equipped to support the comprehensive nature of omnibus legislation. Therefore, for this concept to be properly implemented, it must be accompanied by institutional and procedural reforms, including legal amendments, mechanisms for transparent harmonization, and inclusive civic engagement. These adjustments are essential to ensure the legitimacy, legal certainty, and democratic accountability of laws made under the omnibus model. Ultimately, without these fundamental reforms, the omnibus law risks undermining the very legal order it seeks to streamline.
Implementation of Government Regulation in Granting Risk-Based Business Licensing at Private Job Training Institutions Praya, Fajar; Utami, Tanti; Mulyana, Aji
Indonesian Journal of Public Administration Review Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): August
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/par.v2i4.4631

Abstract

This study examines the implementation of Government Regulation Number 5 of 2021 concerning Risk-Based Business Licensing for Private Vocational Training Institutions (LPKS) in Cianjur Regency, while also analyzing the strategic position of these institutions using a SWOT approach in responding to the Online Single Submission Risk-Based Approach (OSS RBA) system. The aim of this research is to assess the level of LPKS compliance with the OSS RBA system, identify the challenges they face, and evaluate the effectiveness of local government support. This study aims to analyze the level of compliance of Private Vocational Training Institutions (LPKS) in Cianjur Regency with the implementation of Government Regulation Number 5 of 2021 concerning Risk-Based Business Licensing (OSS RBA), as well as to identify various challenges that hinder its effective implementation at the local level.The findings reveal that out of 93 registered LPKS, only 9 have fulfilled the OSS RBA licensing requirements. The main obstacles include high costs associated with obtaining documents such as the Certificate of Proper Function (SLF), as well as a lack of understanding of the system. The SWOT analysis indicates that while LPKS have institutional potential and support, they still face significant internal and external challenges. Therefore, simplifying licensing procedures, enhancing technical assistance, and providing incentives for small-scale LPKS are crucial steps to improve compliance levels and the overall effectiveness of the OSS RBA system.
Capital Punishment in the Perspective of the National Criminal Code and the Kutaramanawa Dharmasastra Majapahit Utami, Tanti; Nurhakiki, Ahmad; Ramadhan, Muhammad; Mulyana, Moch; Hikmat, Muhammad
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): September
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i1.4337

Abstract

This study aims to analyse the comparison of capital punishment regulations in the latest National Criminal Code (KUHP) and the Kutaramanawa Dharmasastra from the Majapahit Kingdom era, where this study is important for understanding how the concept of the death penalty has undergone a transformation from a traditional legal system steeped in religious and cosmological values to a modern legal system that places greater emphasis on the protection of human rights, the principle of justice, and strict legal procedures. Thus, this study not only compares legal norms but also traces the paradigm shift in justice and the values behind it. The research method used is a normative legal method with a legislative and historical approach, where the legislative approach is used to examine the provisions on capital punishment in the 2023 Criminal Code, while the historical approach is used to trace the practice and philosophy of the application of capital punishment during the Majapahit era as reflected in the Kutaramanawa Dharmasastra. This research is descriptive-analytical in nature, relying on secondary data from legislation, classical law books, academic literature, and previous research results. The results of the discussion show that there is a fundamental difference in the orientation of criminal law, where in the Kutaramanawa Dharmasastra, the death penalty is positioned as the main punishment imposed for various serious crimes in order to maintain the political and cosmological stability of the kingdom, whereas the National Criminal Code places the death penalty as a special, conditional alternative punishment oriented towards the principle of ultimum remedium. This shift shows the direction of Indonesian criminal law reform, which is more cautious, humanistic, and in line with human rights principles, even though debates regarding its effectiveness and fairness are still ongoing.
Legal Basis for the Implementation of Simultaneous General Elections and Regional Elections in Indonesia Utami, Tanti; Putra, Muhammad; Pratama, Farizky; Putra, Zulfiqar; Rahmadi, Muhammad
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): September
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i1.4966

Abstract

This article aims to analyse the legal basis and juridical implications of holding general elections and regional elections simultaneously, while evaluating the effectiveness of applicable laws and regulations, both in terms of general elections and regional elections. The research method used is descriptive-analytical research with a normative legal approach as the main approach, which is based on legislation and related legal literature. This approach is supported by empirical legal analysis to obtain a factual picture of the dynamics of simultaneous elections. The data used is secondary data obtained through literature studies and analysed qualitatively. The results of the study show that the legal basis for simultaneous general and regional elections originates from the 1945 Constitution, specifically Article 1 paragraph (2) and Article 22E, which are then elaborated in Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections, Law Number -Law Number 10 of 2016 concerning Regional Elections, and reinforced by Constitutional Court Decision Number 14/PUU-XI/2013. Even in emergency situations, this regulation is adaptive through Perppu Number 2 of 2020. The positive implications include increased presidential legitimacy, budget efficiency, and effective public participation. However, the implementation of simultaneous general elections can also give rise to technical complexities, disputes, and institutional capacity constraints. Therefore, regulatory harmonisation and institutional strengthening are necessary so that simultaneous general elections truly become an effective, efficient, and substantial means of democracy in strengthening people's sovereignty and do not give rise to matters that could burden people's sovereignty.
Co-Authors Adawiah, Intan Amanda, Shakilla Aulia, Salsabila Garnita, Camiliya Hakim, Lucky Hikmat, Muhammad Kariwa, Fajar Madinawati, Shifa Maesaroh, Neng Maulana, M. Mawardi, Muhamad Muhammad Firdaus Muhammad Ramadhan Mulia, Najwa Mulyana, Moch Musarir, Reda Nurhakiki, Ahmad Nurmala Oktaviani, Mita Permana, Ajeng Pratama, Farizky Praya, Fajar Putra, Muhammad Putra, Zulfiqar Rahmadi, Muhammad Saputra, M Shifa, Agisni Solihah, Sinta Zahra, Masripa