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Ratnawati, Kania
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Mathematics Physics Public Health Veterinary

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Analisis Konsentrasi Minyak dan Lemak pada Air Baku Air Bersih di Saluran Irigasi Primer Kabupaten Karawang Saidah, Saidah; Sari, Gina Lova; Adzillah, Wilma Nurrul; Ratnawati, Kania; Sari, Devita Fitria
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Lahan Basah Vol 12, No 4 (2024): Oktober 2024
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/jtllb.v12i4.84104

Abstract

Saluran irigasi primer memiliki peran penting dalam menyediakan air untuk kebutuhan air baku dan irigasi lahan pertanian. Namun, banyaknya aktivitas rumah tangga, pabrik atau perusahaan, agraria, peternakan, serta perkebunan menimbulkan adanya tantangan lingkungan seperti pencemaran yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas air di saluran irigasi dan mengancam pemanfaatannya. Salah satu bentuk pencemaran yang sering ditemukan adalah keberadaan minyak dan lemak dalam air. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis konsentrasi minyak dan lemak serta tingkat pencemarannya pada air di saluran irigasi primer Kabupaten Karawang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pengambilan sampel air di saluran irigasi primer kabupaten karawang yang berlokasi di Desa Kondangjaya menggunakan prinsip purposive sampling. Sampel air diambil dari 3 titik yaitu tepi kanan, tengah, tepi kiri dengan kedalaman masing masing titik adalah 0 m, 1 m, 2 m dari permukaan sesuai dengan SNI 8995:2021. Karakteristik air yang diuji adalah suhu, pH, serta minyak dan lemak dengan metode pengukuran masing-masing menggunakan SNI 06-6989.23-2005, SNI 6989.11:2019, dan SNI 6989.10-2011. Metode perhitungan Indeks Pencemaran juga dilakukan untuk menganalisis status mutu air. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa nilai suhu, pH, serta konsentrasi minyak dan lemak di wilayah studi secara berurutan adalah 30,6 ºC; 7,1; dan 2,2 mg/L. Nilai indeks pencemaran pada air di saluran irigasi primer adalah 2,2 yang menunjukkan status tercemar ringan.
Analisis Tingkat Pencemaran BOD dan COD pada Air Baku Air Bersih di Saluran Irigasi Primer Kabupaten Karawang Sari, Devita Fitria Alam; Sari, Gina Lova; Adzillah, Wilma Nurrul; Ratnawati, Kania; Saidah, Saidah
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Lahan Basah Vol 12, No 4 (2024): Oktober 2024
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/jtllb.v12i4.84094

Abstract

Air di saluran irigasi primer Kabupaten Karawang memiliki peran penting sebagai sumber air baku air bersih dan pertanian. Namun, air di saluran irigasi primer tersebut berpotensi terkontaminasi karena berasal dari aliran DAS Citarum yang merupakan salah satu sungai paling tercemar di Indonesia. Kondisi ini mungkin menyebabkan peningkatan konsentrasi BOD dan COD pada air irigasi primer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi tingkat pencemaran BOD dan COD pada air di saluran irigasi primer Kabupaten Karawang. Pengambilan sampel air dilakukan pada zona hulu saluran irigasi primer Kabupaten Karawang yang berada di Desa Kondangjaya. Pengambilan sampel air dilakukan pada titik dan kedalaman berbeda menggunakan water sampler sesuai dengan SNI 8995:2021. Konsentrasi BOD dan COD diuji menggunakan metode uji masing-masing yaitu SNI 6989.72:2009 dan SNI 6989.73:2019. Selanjutnya, dilakukan analisis status mutu air dengan metode perhitungan Indeks Pencemaran (IP). Hasil konsentrasi BOD dan COD pada air di saluran irigasi primer masing-masing sebesar 222,0 mg/L dan 1.047,0 mg/L. Sementara itu, nilai indeks pencemaran sebesar 7,1 dan menunjukkan status cemar sedang.
Solusi Permasalahan Sisa Produk Industri FMCG Menjadi Sabun Cuci Piring Niantoro, Berio Sofyan; Adzillah, Wilma Nurrul; Ratnawati, Kania; Suci, Farradina Choria
TEKNIKA Vol. 19 No. 2 (2025): Teknika Mei 2025
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14751974

Abstract

PT. X yang berlokasi di Kabupaten Karawang memiliki permasalahan terkait dengan produk sampo berlebih yang dihasilkan. Salah satu produk inovasi yang dapat dibuat adalah sabun cuci piring. Inovasi produk perlu dilakukan sebagai preventif pencemaran lingkungan yang dapat timbul, perusahaan dapat mencapai target zero waste dan membantu Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) melalui kegiatan Coorporate Social Responsibility (CSR) PT. X. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode trial and error serta dilakukan pengujian dengan parameter berupa pH, gravitasi spesifik, dan viskositas untuk memastikan produk yang dibuat berkualitas. Hasil pengujian akan dibandingan dengan SNI dan produk komersial. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan formulasi terbaik memiliki nilai pH 4,98, gravitasi spesifik 1,019, dan viskositas 424,8 cPs. Pengolahan sisa produk sampo menjadi sabun cuci piring dapat menjadi solusi produk inovatif sebagai pencegahan pencemaran lingkungan, mencapai target zero waste, dan menaikkan sirkular ekonomi masyarakat sekitar.
Bioremediasi Tanah Tercemar Timbal pada Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir Sampah Jalupang Kabupaten Karawang menggunakan Teknologi Vermicomposting Ardiansyah, Alvi Husni; Sari, Gina Lova; Ratnawati, Kania
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Lahan Basah Vol 13, No 2 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/jtllb.v13i2.94608

Abstract

The Final Waste Processing Site (TPA) Jalupang is a landfill located in Karawang Regency that has been operating since 2003, with a total area of 6.9 hectares and an effective area of 4.7 hectares. For 22 years, TPA Jalupang has operated using the open dumping method, which poses a risk of heavy metal contamination, including lead (Pb). One method for removing heavy metals from soil is through vermicomposting technology. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of vermicomposting in reducing lead (Pb) concentrations in contaminated soil. This research was conducted experimentally on a laboratory scale over 56 days using reactors with a capacity of 55 liters. The experimental variations involved different ratios of contaminated soil and vermicompost feedstock: 0:2 and 2:0 (as controls), as well as 1:2 and 2:1 (w/w), with the addition of 75 earthworms under aerobic conditions. Throughout the experiment, pH, temperature, and moisture content were monitored, along with periodic measurements of the C/N ratio and lead concentration every 14 days. During the vermicomposting process, environmental conditions with temperatures ranging from 29.0"“37.0 °C, pH levels from 4.5"“7.0, and moisture levels between 30%"“80% were found to be within the optimal range for sustaining the process. The most optimal results were obtained in the 1:1 (w/w) reactor variation, which showed a reduction in lead concentration by 50,7%.
Evaluasi Efisiensi Adsorpsi Chemical Oxygen Demand dan Fosfat Pada Limbah Laundry Menggunakan Karbon Aktif Tempurung Kelapa Fitrianingsih, Gina; Adzillah, Wilma Nurrul; Ratnawati, Kania
Jurnal Ilmu Alam dan Lingkungan Vol. 16 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Alam dan Lingkungan
Publisher : Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Limbah laundry mengandung senyawa Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) dan fosfat dari deterjen yang berpotensi mencemari lingkungan, memicu eutrofikasi, serta menurunkan konsentrasi oksigen terlarut di perairan. Salah satu metode alami yang efektif untuk mengurangi pencemaran tersebut adalah melalui penggunaan adsorben berbasis tempurung kelapa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas karbon aktif tempurung kelapa dalam menurunkan konsentrasi COD dan fosfat pada limbah laundry, menganalisis karakteristik adsorben, serta mengkaji efisiensi proses adsorpsi dengan variasi waktu kontak. Metode penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental. Parameter yang diuji meliputi COD dan fosfat. Variabel penelitian mencakup konsentrasi adsorben 9 g/mL dengan variasi waktu kontak 60, 75, 90, 105, dan 120 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi penurunan COD tertinggi dicapai pada waktu kontak 120 menit sebesar 82%, sedangkan efisiensi penurunan fosfat tertinggi pada waktu kontak yang sama sebesar 97.2% Dengan demikian, karbon aktif tempurung kelapa efektif digunakan sebagai adsorben alami dalam mengurangi kadar pencemar pada limbah laundry secara signifikan.
Analisis Kemampuan Cacing Tanah (Lumbricus rubellus) Sebagai Agen Akumulator Logam Berat Timbal Selama Proses Vermikomposting Tanah Tercemar Renaldi, Riki; Sari, Gina Lova; Ratnawati, Kania
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Lahan Basah Vol 13, No 2 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/jtllb.v13i2.94587

Abstract

Contaminated soil with heavy metal lead (Pb) can be remediated using environmentally friendly biological technologies, one of which involves the use of earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus). This study aimed to evaluate the ability of Lumbricus rubellus as a bioaccumulator of lead during the vermicomposting process of contaminated soil. The vermicomposting experiment was conducted under aerobic conditions for 56 days with observations made every 14 days (on days 0, 14, 28, 42, and 56) at a laboratory scale. The study consisted of two experimental variations: Reactor A, which contained a 1:1 ratio between contaminated soil and organic vermicomposting materials (cow manure and cabbage waste), and Reactor B, with a 1:2 ratio. Each reactor was inoculated with 75 adult Lumbricus rubellus earthworms weighing approximately 0.70"“0.75 grams. The primary parameter observed was the concentration of lead in the earthworm tissues, measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The results showed the highest lead accumulation in Reactor A, increasing from 30.31 mg/kg on day 0 to 92.51 mg/kg on day 56, representing a 204.6% increase. These findings demonstrate that Lumbricus rubellus has significant potential as a bioaccumulator agent for reducing lead contamination through the bioaccumulation mechanism during vermicomposting. This supports the application of environmentally friendly biological technology for the rehabilitation of lead-contaminated land.
Experiment and Literature: Enzyme Content of Fruit Waste-Based Eco Enzyme and Its Potential in Pollutant Reduction Nurseha, Nida; Sari, Gina Lova; Ratnawati, Kania
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10066

Abstract

Indonesia faces serious challenges in managing domestic waste, especially organic waste, which constitutes the largest component of the total national waste generation. One innovative form of recycling is the fermentation of organic waste into eco enzymes, which are fermented liquids capable of producing various active enzymes such as protease, amylase, and lipase with broad ecological benefits. This study aims to observe the activity of protease, amylase, and lipase enzymes in eco enzyme solutions made from fruit waste, and compare the results with previous studies to analyze the potential application of eco enzymes as efficient, economical, and sustainable natural bioremediation agents. The fermentation process was carried out for 90 days, while enzyme activity was analyzed using spectrophotometry and titration methods. The results showed protease activity of 261 U/mL, amylase of 21.53 U/mL, and lipase of 3.46 U/mL. These values are relatively high compared to several previous studies, indicating that fruit waste is an effective substrate for eco enzyme production. Thus, it can be concluded that eco enzyme has great potential in reducing pollutants such as heavy metals, BOD, COD, TSS, and helping to stabilize pH, thereby playing an important role in the treatment of domestic waste and small-scale industrial waste. The recommendation from this study is the need for further research related to the optimization of substrate composition.
The Effect of Substitution of LDPE Plastic, Coconut Fiber, and Seashell as Mixed Raw Materials for Paving Blocks Ratnawati, Kania; Nisah, Firda Ainun; Azizie, Yona Tasya
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 19 No. 1 (2024): January 2024
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v19i1.6392

Abstract

Human life is inseparable from the use of plastic in everyday life. LDPE plastic significantly impacts the environment as it is difficult to decompose naturally. On the other hand, natural waste such as seashells and coconut fiber are often found without further processing needs to recycle. To overcome this issue, there must be an effort to recycle these wastes. This research aims to determine the substitution effects of recycled products (LDPE plastic, seashells, coconut fiber) in producing paving blocks. The paving block is made with 2 main variations: a mixture of LDPE plastic and seashells (X1 and X2) and a mixture of LDPE plastic and coconut fiber (Y1 and Y2). The results show that paving block X has a higher compressive strength than paving block Y. The best paving block mixture is variation X2, which has a maximum load of 11 kN, a compressive strength of 46.797 kgf/cm2, and a maximum water absorption capacity of 4,8 %. The compressive strength values from the variations of the produced paving blocks are below the quality requirements set by SNI03-060292-1996. However, producing paving blocks with LDPE plastic, seashells, and coconut fiber can positively address waste issues in the Karawang Regency community through recycling practices.
Coconut Shell Charcoal Adsorbent with Variations in Activation to Reduce BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) and TSS (Total Suspended Solid) Levels in Liquid Tofu Waste: Adsorben Arang Tempurung Kelapa dengan Variasi Aktivasi dalam Menurunkan Kadar BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) dan TSS (Total Suspended Solid) pada Limbah Cair Tahu Azmi, Nabilah Nur; Adzillah, Ing Wilma Nurrul; Ratnawati, Kania
Media Ilmiah Teknik Lingkungan (MITL) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): Media Ilmiah Teknik Lingkungan (MITL)
Publisher : ​Institute for Researches and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/mitl.v10i1.10048

Abstract

Wastewater from tofu production conntains high concentrations of organic matter, particularly Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Total Suspended Solids (TSS). Without proper treatment, this waste has the potential to pollute surrounding water bodies and harm aquatic ecosystems. This research explores the use of coconut shell charcoal as a natural adsorbent to reduce BOD and TSS levels in tofu wastewater. The charcoal was physically activated by heating it at 105°C for three different durations: 15, 60, and 180 minutes. This treatment aimed to improve its surface area and porosity, enhancing its adsorption capacity. Laboratory analysis showed a significant decrease in both BOD and TSS, with the highest efficiency observed at 180 minutes of activation. These findings suggest that coconut shell charcal, a widely available and underutilized material, can serve as an effective and environmentally friendly option for simple wastewater treatment at a local level.
Potential Reduction of Food Waste and Hospital Wastewater Sludge Using Bioconversion by BSF Larvae Aina, Rafida; Sari, Gina Lova; Ratnawati, Kania
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.10723

Abstract

Food waste and sludge from the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) of hospitals are organic wastes with high utilization potential through bioconversion using Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae. This study aims to examine the characteristics of food waste and WWTP sludge from Karawang Regional General Hospital and to evaluate their reduction potential through BSF larval activity. The experiment was conducted using three feed variations SML1 (70%:30%), SML2 (50%:50%), and SML3 (30%:70%) along with two control treatments. The analyzed parameters included nutritional content (protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash content, moisture content, and crude fiber), C/N ratio, as well as waste reduction efficiency through substrate consumption (SC) and the Waste Reduction Index (WRI). The results showed that food waste contains high levels of protein and carbohydrates, whereas WWTP sludge contains high organic carbon (C-organic). The best feed variation was SML2, producing 27.11% protein, 4.78% fat, and 7.74% crude fiber, indicating its potential as livestock feed. The best frass quality was obtained from SML3 with a C/N ratio of 30.24%, approaching the standard for organic fertilizers. The highest substrate consumption was recorded in SML1 at 58.86%, and the highest WRI reached 5.21%/day. These findings demonstrate that BSF larvae are effective in reducing hospital organic waste while simultaneously producing valuable end products.
Co-Authors Adzillah, Ing Wilma Nurrul Adzillah, Wilma Nurrul Aina, Rafida Ardiansyah, Alvi Husni Azizie, Yona Tasya Azmi, Nabilah Nur Fitrianingsih, Gina Gina Lova Sari Niantoro, Berio Sofyan Nisah, Firda Ainun Nurseha, Nida Renaldi, Riki Saidah Saidah Sari, Devita Fitria Sari, Devita Fitria Alam Suci, Farradina Choria