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Mambang, D Elysa Putri
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology

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Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extracts of N-hexane and Ethyl Acetate Fractions from Nutmeg Leaves (Myristica fragrans) on Shigella dysenteriae and Streptococcus pyogenes Sunita, Della; Mambang, D Elysa Putri; Pulungan, Ainil Fithri; Yuniarti, Rafita
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v2i1.61

Abstract

Nutmeg leaves (Myristica fragrans) have been known as a traditional medicinal plant with properties as a pain reliever, anti-inflammatory, digestive and respiratory smoothener, and antibacterial. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction of nutmeg leaves against Shigella dysenteriae and Streptococcus pyogenes. Ethanol extract of nutmeg leaves was made by maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent and fractionated using n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvents. Antibacterial activity test against Shigella dysenteriae and Streptococcus pyogenes was carried out using the agar diffusion method. The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of nutmeg leaf extract produced a larger inhibition zone diameter compared to the n-hexane fraction of nutmeg leaf extract, which was 16.6 mm at a concentration of 50% for Shigella dysenteriae bacteria and 18.1 mm at a concentration of 50% for Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria, which was classified as moderate. Based on this study, the ethyl acetate fraction of nutmeg leaf extract had the best antibacterial activity against Shigella dysenteriae and Streptococcus pyogenes.
Effectiveness Test of Sidaguri Leaf Ethanol Extract Gel (Sida rhombifolia L.) on the Cealing of Degree IIA Burn in Male Rabbits Adani, Bazlina; Dalimunthe, Gabena Indrayani; Lubis, Minda Sari; Mambang, D Elysa Putri
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v1i1.12

Abstract

Burns are one of the incidents that often occur in society. Currently, the use of burn medicine is very limited, in terms of the cost of treatment and healing is relatively expensive. In this case, the use of natural plants is needed as a treatment for burns on the skin, namely sidaguri leaves. Researchers want to take advantage of secondary metabolites contained in sidaguri leaves and formulate them into pharmaceutical preparations in the form of a gel. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of secondary metabolites in the ethanolic extract of sidaguri leaf and to determine the effectiveness of the gel preparation of the ethanolic extract of sidaguri leaf (Sida rhombifolia L.) on the healing of burns. This research includes simplicia characterization, phytochemical screening, gel evaluation and test the effectiveness of sidaguri leaf extract gel. HPMC negative control group, 1% EEDS, 3% EEDS, 5% EEDS and bioplacenton positive control group. The parameters tested were the diameter of the burn for 14 days. The research data were analyzed using the One-Way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) method followed by the Tukey test. The results of this study obtained EEDS 5% and bioplacenton did not have a significant difference in the healing of burns in male rabbits on day 14.  It can be concluded that the ethanolic extract gel of sidaguri leaves has effectiveness on healing burns with a dose of 5% EEDS concentration.
Antibacterial Activity Test of Ethanol, N-Hexane, and Ethyl Acetate Extracts of Lemon Peel (Citrus x limon (L.) Burm. f.) Nisa, Uswatun; Mambang, D Elysa Putri; Yuniarti, Rafita; Ridwanto, Ridwanto
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v2i3.88

Abstract

Staphylococcus hominis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria are normal flora bacteria found on the surface of human skin, and in certain circumstances can cause infections in the body of a person with a weak immune system. Infection of both bacteria can cause body odor that can affect a person's social relationships. The use of natural antibacterials has minimal side effects, namely lemon peel which is waste from lemons. Lemon juice is commonly used by the public, but not many people know that lemon peel has great benefits like lemon juice. The objective of the research was to determine the chemical compounds contained in the n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate of lemon peel and antibacterial activity in ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate of lemon peel (Citrus x limon (L.) Burm. f.) This research method was an experimental method that includes sample collection and processing, characterization of simple drugs, preparation of 96% ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, phytochemical screening, and antibacterial activity test using the agar diffusion method at concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%. The results of phytochemical screening in the ethyl acetate fraction contain alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenoids, and in the n-hexane fraction shows the presence of triterpenoid chemical compounds. Ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction and ethyl acetate fraction of lemon peel have antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus hominis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. The results of the three samples tested for the greatest inhibitory power in the ethyl acetate fraction showed intermediate results, almost comparable to the inhibitory power of the positive control ciprofloxacin.
Antibacterial Activity Test of Ethanol Extract, n-Hexane and Ethyl Acetate Fractions of Cardamom Fruit (Amomum cardamomum Soland. Ex Maton Benth) Nada, Dina Qatrun; Mambang, D Elysa Putri; Nasution, M. Amin; Ridwanto, Ridwanto
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v2i3.96

Abstract

Bacterial infection is a global health problem that requires special attention, especially due to increasing resistance to antibiotics. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction and ethyl acetate fraction of cardamom fruit (Amomum cardamomum Soland. Ex Maton Benth) against Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. The extraction was done by percolation using 96% ethanol, followed by fractionation using n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvents. Phytochemical screening tests showed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, and saponin compounds known to have antibacterial activity. Antibacterial activity test was conducted using disc diffusion method with five concentrations (10%-50%). The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction had the greatest inhibition, with the highest inhibition zone against Streptococcus pyogenes of 14.1 mm and Pseudomonas aeruginosa of 16.8 mm at 50% concentration. Inhibition increased with increasing concentration. The ethyl acetate fraction proved to be the most effective because it contains semipolar compounds that are able to penetrate the bacterial cell wall. This study supports the potential of cardamom fruit as an alternative natural antibacterial agent.
Antibactery Activity of Etyl Asetate Fraction of Etanol Extract of Pala Leaf (Myristica Fragrans) and Lidah Buaya Leaf (Aloe Vera) Against Streptococcus Mutans Awanis, Safirah; Mambang, D Elysa Putri; Yuniarti, Rafita; Nasution, Muhammad Amin
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v2i3.97

Abstract

Caries is a progressive chronic hard tissue disease of the teeth caused by the action of microorganisms. The bacteria that causes this disease is Streptococcus mutans. Nutmeg leaves (Myristica fragrans) and aloe vera leaves (Aloe vera) can potentially overcome diseases and health problems. This study was to determine the antibacterial activity of n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate, ethanol extract of  nutmeg leaf and aloe vera leaf in Streptococcus mutans and to determine the effect of n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate, ethanol extract of the antibacterial of nutmeg leaf and aloe vera leaf. The method uses was an experimental method with phytochemical screening, then manufacture of ethanol extracts of nutmeg leaves and aloe vera leaves, then fractionated with ethyl acetate solvent, then testes for antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans by the agar diffusion method. The results of the antibacterial activity test of the ethyl acetate fraction of nutmeg leaves showed the diamete of the inhibition zones at concentrations of 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, and 10% were obtaines with inhibition zones of 16.2 mm, 15.46 mm, 15.2 mm, 12.26 mm and 11.76 mm. The test results on aloe vera leaf ethanol extract at concentrations of 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, and 10 % were obtained with inhibition zones of 16.53 mm, 15.13 mm, 14.3 mm, 11,5 mm, and 11.3 mm. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that simplisia, ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, n-hexane nutmeg leaf and aloe vera leaf contain secondary metabolites that act as antibacterial. The antibacterial activty of ethyl acetate fraction of nutmeg leaves was highest at a concentratioan of 50% with an inhibition zone of 16.2 mm and the antibacterial activity of aloe vera leaf ethanol extract was highest at a concentration of 50% with an inhibition zone of 16.53 mm in Streptococcus mutans which can be categorized as having strong inhibitory power.
Co-Authors Adani, Bazlina Awanis, Safirah Daniel Happy Putra Fithri Pulungan, Ainil Gabena Indrayani Dalimunthe Lubis, Minda Sari Muhammad Amin Nasution Nada, Dina Qatrun Nasution, M. Amin Ridwanto Ridwanto Sunita, Della Yuniarti, Rafita