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All Journal Acta Pharmaceutica Indonesia Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science
Nor, Islan
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Medicine & Pharmacology

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ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI GLIKOSIDA FLAVONOID BIOAKTIF DARI SYZYGIUM JAMBOS DAN AKTIVITAS PENGHAMBAT ENZIM α-GLUKOSIDASE Meilani, Lani; Nor, Islan; Insanu, Muhamad
Acta Pharmaceutica Indonesia Vol. 49 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : School of Pharmacy Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Abstract

Diabetes has grown into a demanding global public health problem, with generally 537 million individuals afflicted worldwide. Without appropriate intervention, the risk of developing chronic complications increases. One of the practical actions for controlling type 2 diabetes mellitus is suppressing carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes such as α-glucosidase. Syzygium jambos has a long history as a traditional medicine. It's commonly used to treat diabetes, rheumatism, inflammatory pain, and as a diuretic. This study aimed to investigate the α-glucosidase inhibitory properties of S. jambos leaves and their isolated compounds. Ethanol was used as the solvent for maceration, followed by fractionation using liquid-liquid extraction, vacuum liquid chromatography, column chromatography, and radial chromatography. The isolated compounds were identified using thin-layer chromatography (TLC), TLC densitometry, shifting reagents, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry. The ethyl acetate fraction presented the most potent activity of α-glucosidase inhibitory, with an IC50 value of 0.31 ± 0.01 µg/mL, exceeding the acarbose as positive control (IC50 62.86 ± 1.24 µg/mL). Two flavonoid glycosides, quercetin 3-O-xylosyl-(1→2)-rhamnoside and myricetin 3-O-xylosyl-(1→2)-rhamnoside, were identified inside this fraction, with IC50 values of 65.63 ± 1.36 µg/mL and 188.96 ± 2.85 µg/mL, respectively. These findings suggest that S. jambos has potential as a natural source for developing dietary supplements to control hyperglycemia affiliated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Unlocking Antibiofilm Compounds of Tigarun (Crataeva magna (Lour.) DC.): A Metabolomic Insight via FTIR Spectroscopy Wibowo, Joko Priyanto; Lestari, Dwintha; Nor, Islan; Hasani, Najwi; Wewengkang, Restu Dara; Nurrahmah, Medina
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v7i1.28123

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance remains a major challenge in the treatment of bacterial infections worldwide, particularly because certain pathogenic bacteria can form biofilms that enhance antibiotic resistance. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most clinically significant antibiotic-resistant bacteria, with biofilm formation contributing to persistent infections and reduced therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, the exploration of medicinal plants as alternative sources of antibiofilm agents has become increasingly important. This study aimed to evaluate the antibiofilm activity of three parts of Tigarun (Crataeva magna (Lour.) DC.), a native medicinal plant from Borneo, against MRSA and to investigate the potential metabolites associated with its activity through metabolomic analysis. Leaf, bark, and flower extracts of C. magna were obtained using ultrasound-assisted extraction. Antibiofilm activity against MRSA ATCC 33591 was evaluated using a spectrophotometric microplate assay. Metabolomic profiling was conducted using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with multivariate statistical analysis to identify metabolite groups that may be responsible for the antibiofilm activity. The results demonstrated that the leaf and flower extracts exhibited strong antibiofilm activity against MRSA biofilms, with IC₅₀ values of 52.88 ± 5.77 µg/mL and 49.30 ± 5.23 µg/mL, respectively. In contrast, the bark extract showed weaker activity, with an IC₅₀ value exceeding 100 µg/mL. FTIR-based metabolomic analysis and multivariate modeling indicated that phenolic and flavonoid metabolites were strongly associated with antibiofilm activity. These findings suggest that C. magna, particularly its leaf and flower extracts, has promising antibiofilm potential against MRSA and may serve as a valuable natural resource for developing alternative antimicrobial agents targeting biofilm-associated bacterial infections.
Co-Authors Joko Priyanto Wibowo Lestari, Dwintha Meilani, Lani Muhamad Insanu Najwi Hasani Nurrahmah, Medina Wewengkang, Restu Dara