Article Per Year (5 Year)
p-Index From 2020 - 2025
0.444
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This Author published in this journals
All Journal Formosa Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (FJMR) International Journal of Business and Applied Economics (IJBAE)
Z, Zulfan Zulkarnaen
Unknown Affiliation
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education Social Sciences

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The Role of Philosophical Schools in Scientific Research Nugraha, Diki Egie; Z, Zulfan Zulkarnaen; Winarno, Agung
Formosa Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): January 2025
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/fjmr.v4i1.12569

Abstract

This study examines the contributions of philosophical streams—positivism, interpretivism, pragmatism, and critical realism—in shaping scientific research paradigms, methods, and ethics. Each philosophical approach has unique characteristics that influence how researchers understand reality, develop theories, and select research methods. Positivism emphasizes objectivity through empirical observation and quantitative analysis to identify causal relationships. In contrast, interpretivism focuses on subjective understanding and social meaning derived from individual experiences, making it suitable for qualitative research. Pragmatism offers a flexible approach by integrating quantitative and qualitative methods to address complex research questions and provide practical benefits. Critical realism bridges objective and subjective approaches by exploring the underlying mechanisms of phenomena. Furthermore, these philosophical approaches provide an ethical foundation to ensure that research is conducted responsibly and meets societal needs. By understanding and applying these philosophical paradigms, researchers can produce more holistic studies and contribute significantly to advancing knowledge.
Developing Competitive Advantage Strategies for MSMEs: A Case Study of Aroma Khas Poncokusumo Tempe Chips in Malang Regency Masula, Fariham; Ramadhani, Bima; Putri, Naja Jessyka Maulani; Z, Zulfan Zulkarnaen; Sudarmiatin, Sudarmiatin
International Journal of Business and Applied Economics Vol. 3 No. 6 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/ijbae.v3i6.12416

Abstract

This research utilizes Porter's Five Forces analysis to assess the development strategies for the competitive advantage of the Aroma Khas Poncokusumo Tempe Chip MSMEs. The primary advantages of these MSMEs are their unique fermentation process, consistent product quality, and high traditional value. Challenges such as the threat of substitute products, supplier dependency, and raw material price fluctuations require innovative approaches. Product diversification, branding enhancement, digital marketing, and customer loyalty programs are identified as effective solutions. These strategies are supported by workforce training and production optimization to ensure business sustainability. This holistic approach enables MSMEs to thrive in a competitive market and contribute to the local economy.
Co-Authors Agung Winarno Masula, Fariham Nugraha, Diki Egie Putri, Naja Jessyka Maulani Ramadhani, Bima Sudarmiatin