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All Journal Arena Hukum Jurnal Akta Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) SASI
Khair, Azizan
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Health Professions Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences

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Influence Law International to Policy National Law in Developing Countries in Right Basic Man Sunarto, Atika; Rumapea, Mazmur Septian; Adnan, Muhammad Ali; Khair, Azizan
SASI Volume 31 Issue 1, March 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47268/sasi.v31i1.2817

Abstract

Introduction: The issue of the relationship between international law and national legal policies in developing countries, especially in the context of human rights (HAM), is increasingly relevant in contemporary international law studies. Developing countries often face significant challenges in integrating international human rights standards into their domestic legal systems.Purposes of the Research: This study aims to analyze the influence of international law on national legal policies in developing countries in the context of human rights.Methods of the Research: The method used in this study is the normative legal research method with a literature study approach, which includes an analysis of various national laws and international legal instruments related to human rights. In addition, this study also refers to the results of academic studies, reports from international human rights institutions, and official documents from organizations such as the United Nations (UN) and the National Human Rights Commission. This approach provides a more comprehensive picture of the implementation of international human rights standards in developing countries.Results Main Findings of the Research: The results main findings of the study show that although many developing countries have ratified various international instruments, such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, their implementation is often hampered by various domestic factors. Inconsistencies between international obligations and national conditions are major obstacles, exacerbated by political instability, weak state institutions, limited resources, and tensions between international norms and local cultures. In addition, political resistance to the implementation of international human rights policies is also a significant challenge, especially in countries that prioritize political or economic interests over commitment to global human rights standards.
The Juridical Review on Payment Security and Protection of Authors' Rights in Journal Publication Adnan, Muhammad Ali; Sunarto, Atika; Khair, Azizan
JURNAL AKTA Vol 12, No 1 (2025): March 2025
Publisher : Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/akta.v12i1.42435

Abstract

Copyright is an exclusive right held by the creator over his/her work, whether in the form of scientific, literary, artistic, or technological works. In the context of publishing scientific journals, copyright relates to control over published scientific works, including distribution, reproduction, and royalty payments. Meanwhile, royalties are payments received by authors or creators in return for the use of their creative works, which are usually calculated based on the number of copies or accesses made to the work. The main objective of this study is to Legal Review of Payment Security and Protection of Authors' Rights in Journal Publication. The method used is a qualitative approach with an analysis of scientific journal publishing contracts and interviews with authors involved in the publication. The results of the study indicate significant inequality between publishers and authors in terms of the distribution of copyright and royalties. Many authors, especially in developing countries, do not receive fair compensation, even though their work provides great benefits to publishers. The practice of transferring copyright entirely to publishers and the lack of transparency in royalty reports are major factors that exacerbate this injustice. The conclusion of this study is that stricter and more transparent regulations are needed to ensure a fair distribution of royalties, as well as protection of authors' copyright. Open access models and merit-based payment systems are considered potential solutions to create a fairer ecosystem in scientific journal publishing. Authors are encouraged to gain more control over their work, while publishers need to provide transparent reporting on the use of the work and the distribution of royalties.
Implementasi CSR terhadap Pelaku UMKM di Lingkungan PT Perkebunan Nusantara III Medan Khair, Azizan; Siregar, Mahmul; Sukarja, Detania
Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) Vol 8, No 2 (2025): Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS), November
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jehss.v8i2.2820

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program carried out by PT Perkebunan Nusantara III Medan on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the surrounding area. CSR is a form of corporate social responsibility towards the community, focusing on local economic empowerment through support for MSMEs in this context. The research method employed is a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing data collection techniques that include interviews, observation, and documentation. The results show that PT Perkebunan Nusantara III has implemented several CSR programs, such as providing business capital assistance, entrepreneurship training, and business assistance. However, the effectiveness of the programs still needs to be improved, especially in terms of program sustainability and evaluation of the impact on increasing the economic independence of MSME actors. In conclusion, the implementation of CSR by PT Perkebunan Nusantara III Medan has made a positive contribution to the development of local MSMEs, although there are still challenges in optimizing its implementation.
Civil Law Review on Crypto Investment and Consumer Risks Sunarto, Atika; Adnan, Muhammad Ali; Khair, Azizan
Arena Hukum Vol. 18 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Cryptocurrency is rapidly developing as a new digital investment instrument in Indonesia, yet the reliability of the Indonesian civil law framework in protecting consumers remains uncertain. This study aims to investigate: to what extent does Indonesian civil law provide adequate legal protection to consumers engaged in cryptocurrency investment activities? This issue is urgent due to high price volatility, market manipulation risks, and weak legal certainty for investors. Previous studies, such as Rere (2024), focused on criminal aspects of digital asset fraud, while Zain (2025) examined trade regulations under Bappebti’s supervision. However, neither fully explores the civil law protection for consumers as investors. This research assesses the effectiveness of civil law in ensuring legal safeguards for cryptocurrency investors. The method employed is a normative juridical approach, utilising a literature study as the primary method. The findings reveal that existing regulations, particularly Bappebti Regulation No. 5 of 2019, are still limited to technical trading aspects and business actor oversight, lacking substantive provisions on civil liability for consumer losses. This study contributes to legal scholarship by advocating for regulatory reform that strikes a balance between digital innovation and consumer protection. For international readers, the article provides insights into how developing countries address legal challenges related to cryptocurrency investments and stimulates comparative legal discourse on digital consumer protection across jurisdictions.
Co-Authors Atika Sunarto MAHMUL SIREGAR Mazmur Septian Rumapea MUHAMMAD ALI ADNAN Sukarja, Detania