Lestari, Esa
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Prevalence human papillomavirus type 6 and type 11 in pregnant women Haruna, Nadyah; Hatta, Mochammad; Hamid, Firdaus; Sultan, Andi Rofian; Safri, Safri; Farid, Monika Fitria; Lestari, Esa
MEDISAINS Early Release
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/medisains.v0i0.23103

Abstract

Background: Pregnancy reduces the effectiveness of cell-mediated immunity, making the body more vulnerable to Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection. HPV comes in multiple variants, including non-pro-oncogenic varieties like 6 and 11. Less research has been done on low-risk HPV infections than on high-risk HPV since they are more frequently linked to genital warts and rarely result in cancer. Examples of these infections are types 6 and 11. It is necessary to conduct this study to ascertain whether asymptomatic pregnant women have been exposed to HPV types 6 and 11.Purpose: This study aims to determine prevalence HPV types 6 and 11 in pregnant women.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was carried out in Makassar in May 2023. The study Population consisted of pregnant women who underwent antenatal care at Tajuddin Chalid Hospital Makassar during the specified research period. After providing clarification and obtaining consent from eligible mothers, we collected a swab from the vaginal area. A PCR examination was conducted on the 167 maternal swabs that were received. Statistical analyses included frequency distribution using SPSS.Results: According to the study, 121 (72.5%) of the 167 samples tested positive for HPV type 6 DNA, while 46 (27.5%) tested negative. Meanwhile, 67% of 167 patients tested positive for HPV type 11 but were negative for the virus. Only 21 respondents with negative identification were found to be harboring both low-risk Human Papillomavirus types. In addition, 78 respondents received positive results for HPV types 6 and 11.Conclusion: Pregnant women can be infected with HPV types 6 and 11 even if they are asymptomatic. The high percentage of positive results suggests that routine maternal screening is recommended, especially during pregnancy.
Prevalence human papillomavirus type 6 and type 11 in pregnant women Haruna, Nadyah; Hatta, Mochammad; Hamid, Firdaus; Sultan, Andi Rofian; Safri, Safri; Farid, Monika Fitria; Lestari, Esa
MEDISAINS: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan Early Release
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/medisains.v0i0.23103

Abstract

Background: Pregnancy reduces the effectiveness of cell-mediated immunity, making the body more vulnerable to Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection. HPV comes in multiple variants, including non-pro-oncogenic varieties like 6 and 11. Less research has been done on low-risk HPV infections than on high-risk HPV since they are more frequently linked to genital warts and rarely result in cancer. Examples of these infections are types 6 and 11. It is necessary to conduct this study to ascertain whether asymptomatic pregnant women have been exposed to HPV types 6 and 11.Purpose: This study aims to determine prevalence HPV types 6 and 11 in pregnant women.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was carried out in Makassar in May 2023. The study Population consisted of pregnant women who underwent antenatal care at Tajuddin Chalid Hospital Makassar during the specified research period. After providing clarification and obtaining consent from eligible mothers, we collected a swab from the vaginal area. A PCR examination was conducted on the 167 maternal swabs that were received. Statistical analyses included frequency distribution using SPSS.Results: According to the study, 121 (72.5%) of the 167 samples tested positive for HPV type 6 DNA, while 46 (27.5%) tested negative. Meanwhile, 67% of 167 patients tested positive for HPV type 11 but were negative for the virus. Only 21 respondents with negative identification were found to be harboring both low-risk Human Papillomavirus types. In addition, 78 respondents received positive results for HPV types 6 and 11.Conclusion: Pregnant women can be infected with HPV types 6 and 11 even if they are asymptomatic. The high percentage of positive results suggests that routine maternal screening is recommended, especially during pregnancy.
Prevalence of Low Birth Weight and Gestational Maturity Associated with Trichomonas vaginalis Infection in Pregnant Women Haruna, Nadyah; Lestari, Esa; Syafri, Syafri; Nildawati, Nildawati
Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) Vol. 8 No. 10: OCTOBER 2025 - Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI)
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/mppki.v8i10.7926

Abstract

Introduction: Trichomonas vaginalis is a sexually transmitted protozoan known to contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes, including low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth. In Indonesia, where routine screening for this infection is limited, the relationship between T. vaginalis and neonatal health outcomes remains inadequately explored. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the correlation between PCR-confirmed T. vaginalis infection and neonatal outcomes, particularly birth weight and gestational maturity, among pregnant women presenting with pathological vaginal discharge. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 167 pregnant women attending antenatal care. Sociodemographic and clinical data were recorded. Vaginal swabs were collected and analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect T. vaginalis. Neonatal outcomes, including birth weight and gestational age, were assessed post-delivery. Bivariate analysis using Cramér’s V was performed to examine the strength of the association between infection status and outcomes. Results: Out of 167 participants, 85 (50.9%) tested positive for T. vaginalis. Most infected women were between 20–35 years old (76.5%), from low-income households (55.3%), and had only primary education (71.8%). Among PCR-positive mothers, 20% delivered low-birth-weight infants, compared to 4.9% in the PCR-negative group (Cramér's V = 0.210), indicating a moderate correlation. Preterm births occurred in 16.5% of PCR-positive cases, compared to 9.8% among those who were negative (Cramér's V = 0.082), suggesting a weak association. Conclusion: T. vaginalis infection during pregnancy is moderately associated with LBW and weakly associated with prematurity. These findings support the need for routine T. vaginalis screening during antenatal care to minimize neonatal complications related to untreated infections; however, given the cross-sectional design, causal inferences cannot be established."