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Al-Ghazali's Dhikr Theory: An Analysis of the Treatment of Psychological Problems in Islam Jarman Arroisi; Ahmad Hisyam Syamil
al-Afkar, Journal For Islamic Studies Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Perkumpulan Dosen Fakultas Agama Islam Indramayu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31943/afkarjournal.v8i1.1305

Abstract

Modern human life is full of rapid development, mobility, and adjustment tendencies. Human life is filled with problems caused by various expectations that do not match reality. Dhikr is one of the therapies in psychology that helps individuals believe that all conflicts or life problems can be faced properly with the help of Allah SWT. This study aims to explore the theory of dhikr and analyze the treatment of psychological problems in Islam from the perspective of al-Ghazāli. The results of this study are da'wah therapy according to al-Ghazāli by using the descriptive-analytical method this study found several important conclusions. First, al-Ghazāli divides the principle of muāmalah in dhikr into four, namely, dhikr with the tongue, dhikr with the heart, dhikr with the secret, and dhikr with the spirit. Second, for al-Ghazāli Dhikr in addition to being a means of relationship between creatures and khāliq (creator) also contains high values and usability to be a solution to psychological problems that occur in humans. Third, Al-Ghazali in his psychotherapy in the treatment of psychological problems has applied treatment taken from Islamic law. Fourth, to improve psychological well-being and happiness, dhikr is needed because dhikr means that individuals always remember their God.
Mulla Sadra's Philosophical Concept Muhammad Kholid Muslih; Ahmad Hisyam Syamil; Amir Reza Kusuma
al-Afkar, Journal For Islamic Studies Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Perkumpulan Dosen Fakultas Agama Islam Indramayu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31943/afkarjournal.v8i2.1306

Abstract

Mulla Sadra named Islamic philosophy as al-Hikmah al-Muta'aliyah. According to him, al-hikmah al-muta'aliyah is knowledge based on intellectual intuition (irfan or isyraqi dzawq), rational proof ('aql or istidlal), and sharia (burhani). Al-Hikmah al-Muta'aliyyah is a synthesis of three styles of thought, namely: theology with a dialectical, polemical pattern (jaddaly), philosophy with a demonstrative pattern (burhany), and theosophy with an illuminationist and gnostic pattern (dzawq). This research uses descriptive analysis methods to explore Mulla Sadra's philosophical thinking. The results of this research reveal that the building of thought that was successfully built by Mulla Sadra through his synthesis of thought had a major influence on the development of philosophy in Persia, India and Iraq. However, the interesting thing is that Sadra brought him into contact with the truth of the Koran and Hadith. The harmonization he carried out resulted in a synthesis, namely integrating it through the three paths of Al-Qur'an (revelation), Burhan (demonstration or intellect), Irfan (spiritual or mystical). Because the three of them are not contradictory in their aim of achieving truth. The depiction of Mulla Sadra's philosophy can be done well by referring to his Ontology, Theology, Physics and Eschatology.
Constitutional Thought of Abu Al-Hasan Al-Mawardi in Political Islam Mohamad Latif; Ahmad Hisyam Syamil; Amir Reza Kusuma; Iqbal Maulana Alfianysyah
Al-Arfa: Journal of Sharia, Islamic Economics and Law Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Transformative Islamic Economics and Law
Publisher : Penerbit Hellow Pustaka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61166/arfa.v3i1.104

Abstract

The Western thinkers believe that Muslim scholars were the pioneers of philosophical thought ethics, yet provided no significant contribution to the field of political thought. Furthermore, the former treats the latter as possessing no clear views on political thought and that religion and Islamic civilization have by no means political thought. This point of view is faulty since the sixteen and seventeenth centuries. Europe failed to acknowledge the character of Muslim political thought. Al-Mawardi was one of the Muslim thinkers who came forward to construct an attractive paradigmatic contribution between social concepts or systems with institutions (state).
The Hermeneutics of the Qur’an: A Comparative Study of Fazlur Rahman and Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd Mohammad Muslih; Ahmad Hisyam Syamil; Amir Reza Kusuma
al-Bunyan: Interdisciplinary Journal of Qur'an and Hadith Studies Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Penerbit Hellow Pustaka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61166/bunyan.v3i2.61

Abstract

This study examines the hermeneutical approaches of Fazlur Rahman and Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd in interpreting the Qur’an, highlighting their methodological innovations and epistemological divergences. Fazlur Rahman’s "Double Movement" theory seeks to bridge historical and contemporary contexts by extracting universal moral principles from Qur’anic injunctions, maintaining the text’s divine authority while advocating for contextual application. In contrast, Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd employs a linguistic-historical hermeneutic, treating the Qur’an as a "cultural product" shaped by socio-historical dynamics, thereby emphasizing its textuality over traditional theological frameworks. While Rahman’s approach aligns with Islamic moral-theological continuity, Abu Zayd’s secular-linguistic methodology, influenced by Western hermeneutics and post-structuralism, challenges classical exegetical norms, raising concerns about the Qur’an’s sacredness and normative authority. The study critically evaluates both models, revealing tensions between modernization and Islamic epistemological foundations, and underscores the necessity of grounding hermeneutical innovations within a tawḥīd-centric framework to preserve the Qur’an’s integrity as divine guidance.
A Critique of Modern Materialist Philosophy from the Perspective of Islam Ahmad Hisyam Syamil; Amir Reza Kusuma
MAQOLAT: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): Transformative Islamic Thought Based on the Qur'an
Publisher : Perkumpulan Dosen Fakultas Agama Islam Indramayu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58355/maqolat.v3i4.193

Abstract

This paper offers a critical analysis of modern materialist philosophy from an Islamic perspective. It argues that the spread of materialist thought—emerging prominently in the 19th century with ideologies like positivism, evolutionism, Marxism, pragmatism, and logical positivism—has fundamentally reshaped global intellectual discourse, often at the expense of metaphysical and spiritual values. The authors contend that these philosophies, while presenting themselves as “scientific” and “rational,” are unified in their denial of divine revelation, their reduction of reality to material phenomena, and their promotion of atheism. Drawing from the works of influential Western thinkers such as Karl Marx, Ernst Haeckel, and others, the paper highlights how materialism became the philosophical backbone of modern secular ideologies, particularly in education, politics, and economics. In contrast, the Islamic worldview maintains that reality encompasses both the seen and unseen, and that true knowledge must integrate reason, revelation, and empirical observation. The authors also reference contemporary Muslim scholars who have critically engaged with these ideologies, proposing methodological reforms in Islamic theology to better respond to the epistemological challenges posed by materialist philosophies. Ultimately, the paper asserts that modern materialism not only contradicts core Islamic tenets about God, man, and the universe but also leads to moral and existential crises by excluding transcendental values. Thus, a comprehensive Islamic critique is essential not only to defend the integrity of Islamic thought but also to contribute constructively to global philosophical debates